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"Tujuan penelitian adalah diketahuinya pengaruh pemberian suplementasi makanan cair 500 kalori per hari berturut-turut dari awal radiasi sampai radiasi ke 20 terhadap kadar albumin serum dan berat badan pasien kanker nasofaring yang menjalani kemoradioterapi. Penelitian ini merupakan uji klinis paralel, membandingkan kelompok yang mendapat suplementasi makanan cair disertai penyuluhan gizi dan diet sehari-hari (P) dengan kelompok yang hanya mendapat penyuluhan gizi dan diet sehari-hari saja (K). Sebanyak 18 pasien kanker nasofaring yang menjalani kemoradioterapi yang memenuhi kriteria dibagi dalam dua kelompok secara randomisasi blok. Data yang diambil meliputi usia, jenis kelamin, indeks massa tubuh, stadium penyakit, asupan energi dan protein dengan food recall 1 x 24 jam Serta kebutuhan energi dan protein dengan rumus Harris- Benedict. Pemeriksaan kadar albumin semm Serta berat badan dilalcukan pada awal dan akhir perlakuan. Analisis data menggunakan uji t tidak berpasangan dan berpasangan Serta uji Mann Whitney dengan batas kemaknaan 5%. Diperoleh 8 orang di kelompok P dan 8 orang di kelompok K dengan usia 18-59 tahun yang mengikuti penelitian secara lengkap. Tidak ada perbedaan data awal yang bermakna antara kelompok P dan kelompok K. Pcnurunan ltadar albumin serum pada kelompok P Iebih rendah daripada kelompok K. Diperoleh rerata persentase penurunan berat badan pada kelompok P yang kurang 2,24 % dari kelompok K, namun secara statistik tidak bermakna. Pemberian suplementasi makanan cair 500 kalori per hari berturut-turut dari awal radiasi sampai radiasi ke 20 tidak dapat mempertahankan kadar albumin serum dan mengurangi rerata persentase penurunan berat badan pada kelompok perlakuan.

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The aims of this study were to investigate the influence of 500 calorie per day liquid food supplementation from the first day of chemoradiotherapy until twenty times radiation therapy on serum albumin level and body weight in nasopharynx cancer patients undergoing chemoradiotherapy. The study was a parallel randomized clinical trial.` Eighteen subjects of nasopharynx cancer patients treated with a targeted chemoradiotherapy were selected using certain criteria. The randomly (block randomization) eighteen subject were divided into two group. The treatment group received 500 calorie per day liquid food supplementation from the first day of treatment until twenty times radiation therapy, nutrition counseling and daily diet; the control group received nutrition counseling and daily diet alone. This study was conducted at Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital Department of Radiotherapy. Data collected included age, gender, body weight and tall, body mass index, intake of energy and protein, and using l x 24 hours food recall. Laboratory 'findings (serum albumin levels) were done before and after intervention. For statistical analysis, impaired t-test, paired t-test and Mann Whitney were used with the level of significance was 5%. Eight subjects in the treatment group and Eight subjects in the control group completed the study and analyzed. The characteristic data of the two groups at baseline were not significantly different, therefore they were closely matched at baseline. There were decrease of serum albumin in both group, but it was lower in the treatment group than the control group, although it is not statistically significant (p>0,05). There were a 23,24 % relative reduction in weight loss in the treatment group but it is not statistically significant. In conclusions, the influence of 500 calorie per day liquid -food supplementation from the first day of chemo radiotherapy until twenty times radiation' did not preserve serum albumin level and were not reduction in weight loss in the treatment group."

"Latar belakang. Individu dewasa di masyarakat menunjukkan perubahan pola makan dan kurang aktivitas sehingga berisiko untuk menderita hiperkolesterolemia dan obesitas. Hiperkolesterolemia dapat diatasi dengan terapi nutrisi. Minyak bekatul mengandung zat aktif yang bekerja secara sinergis dan telah terbukti dari penelitian sebelumnya berperan dalam pengendalian lipid yaitu gamma-oryzanol, fitosterol, dan derivat vitamin E (tokotrienol dan tokoferol). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menilai perbaikan profil lipid pada pemberian minyak bekatul dengan jumlah yang berbeda tanpa merubah pola makan subyek. Metode. Uji klinis, desain paralel, alokasi acak selama 4 minggu pada laki-laki usia 19-55 tahun, kolesterol total 200-300 mg/dl, dan IMT 20-30 kg/m2. Subyek diambil secara konsekutif dan dibagi menjadi kelompok 45 ml/hari dan kelompok 15 ml/hari minyak bekatul. Sebelum perlakuan dilakukan wawancara data demografi, aktifitas fisik dan pemeriksaan antropometri. Asupan makan dinilai sebelum dan setelah perlakuan. Pemeriksaan laboratorium profil lipid dilakukan sebelum dan setelah perlakuan 4 minggu.Hasil. Dari total 20 subyek (10 subyek kelompok 45 ml/hari dan 10 subyek kelompok 15 ml/hari) didapatkan karakteristik yang setara antara kedua kelompok menurut usia, tingkat pendidikan, status gizi, aktivitas fisik, kebiasaan merokok, riwayat hiperkolesterolemia keluarga, antropometri dan profil lipid. Asupan makanan meliputi asupan energi, karbohidrat, protein, lemak dan serat sebelum perlakuan tidak berbeda bermakna antara kelompok. Asupan lemak setelah perlakuan berbeda bermakna antara kedua kelompok dikarenakan perbedaan pemberian jumlah minyak. Setelah perlakuan selama 4 minggu, didapatkan penurunan kolesterol total secara statistik berbeda bermakna antara kedua kelompok (p=0,049). Pada kelompok 45 ml/hari kadar kolesterol total turun sebanyak 14% dan pada kelompok 15 ml/hari terjadi penurunan kadar kolesterol total 7,8%. Penurunan LDL dan trigliserida serta peningkatan HDL secara statistik tidak berbeda bermakna antara dua kelompok (p >0,05). Pada penelitian ini tidak terjadi perubahan berat badan yang bermakna pada kedua kelompok.Kesimpulan. Konsumsi minyak bekatul 45 ml/hari menyebabkan perbaikan profil lipid yang lebih baik dibandingkan konsumsi minyak bekatul 15 ml.hari.

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Background. Adult individuals in Indonesian society showed changes in diet pattern and lack of physical activity that increasing risk for hypercholesterolemia and obesity. Hypercholesterolemia would be treated with nutritional therapy. Rice bran oil contains active substances (gamma-oryzanol, phytosterols, and derivatives of vitamin E (tocotrienols and tocopherols) that work in synergy and have been proven on previous research controlling lipid profil. This study aimed to assess the lipid profile improvement in intake of rice bran oil with different amounts without changing the eating patterns of the subjects.

Methods. It was parallel and randomized clinical trial for 4 weeks in male with 19-55 years of age, total cholesterol level 200-300 mg/dl, and BMI of 20−30 kg/m2. All subjects were recruited consecutively and classified into two groups that received 45 ml/day or 15 ml/day rice bran oil for 4 weeks. The demographic data interviews, physical activity and anthropometric examination were taken before intervention. Food intake were assessed before and after intervention. Laboratory test of lipid profile performed before and after 4 weeks of treatment.

Results. A total of 20 subjects consisting of 10 subjects with 45 ml/day rice bran oil and 10 subjects with 15 ml/day had obtained similar characteristics in age, education level, nutritional status, physical activity, smoking, family history of hypercholesterolemia, BMI and lipid profiles. Food intake includes intake of energy, carbohydrate, protein, fat and fiber before treatment did not significantly difference between two groups. Fat intake after treatment was significantly different between the two groups due to differences in the amount of oil. After 4 weeks treatment, there was a decrease in total cholesterol significantly different between the two groups (p = 0,049). In the group that received 45 ml/ day of rice bran oil total cholesterol level decreased 14% and in the group of 15 ml/day total cholesterol level decreased 7,8%. The reduction of LDL and triglycerides and the increasing of HDL was not significantly different between the two groups (p >0,05). In this study, no changes in body weight were significant in both groups.

Conclusion. Rice bran oil consumption 45 ml/day led to improvements in lipid profiles better than consumption 15 ml/day."

"Tujuan penelitian awal lni adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian laktoferin sapi terbedap jumlah limfosit CD4+ penderita HIV positif dewasa. Penelitian dilakukan di POKDISUS AIDS RSUPNCM Jakarta, mulai bulan Februari 2010 sampai dengan bulan April2010. Dua puluh delapan subyak yang diseleksi dari pasien HIV positif dengan metode consecutive sampling mengikuti penelitian ini dari awal sampai akhir. Semua subyek diberi kapsul berisi 200 mg laktoferin sapL Kapsul diminum setiap hari satu butir selama enam minggu. Data dikumpulkan sebelum dan sesudah pemberian kapsul laktoferin melalui wawanoara, pengukuran antropometrik, dan pemerikarum laboratorium darah untuk penentuan jumiah limfosit CD4'. Data asupan makanan direntukan dengan menggunakan metode food recall lx24 jam dan food record 3x24 jam pada awal dan akhir penelitian.Nilai rerata jumlah limfosit CD4+ sebelum pemberian laktoferin adalah 231,85 ± 122,89 seVL (50,00-731,00 seVf!L) sesudah enam minggu perlakuan. Uji Wilcoxon terhadap kadua nilai tersebut, tidak berbeda bermakna (p=0,22). Sahelum diberikan laktoferin, nilai rerata jumlah limfusit CD4+ subyek yang belum mendapat ARV adalah 302,33 ± 132,79 seV tL dan meningkat menjadi 345,33 ± 202,33 sell tL pada akhir penelitian. Respon serupa ditemukan pula pada subyek yang telah mendapat ARV di mana jumiah limfosit CD4' sebelum pemberian laktoferin adalah 178,00 ± 84,77 seii L, 122,66 seV tL. Uji t be!pasangan terhadap peningkatan jumlah Jimfosit CD4+ antara subyek yang sudah dan belum mentiapat ARV, temyata tidak berbeda bermakna (p=0,12). Perbaikan jumlah limfosit CD4+ sesudah pemberian laktoferin terjadi pada 7 (58,33%) dari 12 subyek yang belum mendapat ARV dan pnda 9 (56,25%) dari 16 subyek yang mendapat ARV. Uji Chi-Square menunjukkan bahwa perbaikan jumlah limfosit CD4+ pada kedua kelompok.

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The aim of this preliminary study is to find out the effect of bovine lactoferin administration on CD4+ lymphocyte count of adult H!V-infected patients. "!he study was conducted from February to April 2010, at POKDJSUS AIDS Department of Internal Medicine, Central District Cipto Mangunkusumo National General Hospital (RSUPNCM) Jakarta. Subjects were selected from HIV-positive patients and only 2& were fully participated in the study. Capsules containing 200 mg of bovine lactoferrin were taken orally by all subjects once a day fur six weeks. Data were collected before and after bovine lactoferrin administration by interview, anthropometric measurement, and laboratory examination of blood for determining CD4+ lymphocyte count. Daily dietary intake data were determined by using I x 24 hour food recall and 3 x 24 hour food record at the beginning and at the end of the study.

Mean value of CD4.._ lymphocyte count before lactoferrin administration was 231.85 ± 122.89 cells/j.tL and increased to median value of 236.50 cells/j.tL (50.00-731.00 cellslj.tL) after six weeks intervention. Wilcoxon test on the above values showed no significant difference (IF0.22). Mean value of CD4+ lymphocyte count of untreated subjects with ARV before lactoferrin administration was 302.33 ± 132.79 cellsiJ.lL and increased to 345.33 ± 202.33 cells/j.!L at the end of study. 1he same response was also found in treated subjects with ARV where the mean value of CD4'" lymphocyte count increased from 78.00 ± 84.77 cells/).IL before lactoferrin administration to 204.38 ± 122.66 cells/J.tL, thereafter. Paired t-test on the increased CD4+ lymphocyte count between treated and untreated subjects with ARV showed no significant difference (JFO.I2). The improvement of CD4+ lymphocyte count after lactoferrin administration was seen in 7 out of 12 untreated subjects (58.33%) and in 9 out of 16 treated subject? with ARV (56.25%). Chi-Square's test showed that the improvement on both groups was not significant (p 0.91)."