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"Latar belakang: Tindakan pembuatan kolostomi, telah menjadi bagian prosedur penting dalam penatalaksanaan pembedahan pada beberapa penyakit yang melibatkan saluran gastrointestinal. Sehingga perlu dicari faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi terjadinya komplikasi.Metode: Studi potong lintang retrospektif analitik, di RSUPN Cipto Mangunkusumo dengan mencatat rekam medis pasien pasca kolostomi dari bulan Januari 2012 hingga Desember 2014 di Rumah Sakit Umum Pusat Cipto Mangunkusumo Jakarta Departemen Ilmu Bedah divisi Bedah Digestif.Hasil: Dari 136 kasus pasca kolostomi, 66 pasien mendapatkan komplikasi pasca kolostomi, 14 kasus komplikasi awitan dini dan 52 awitan lambat. 70 kasus tindakan pasca kolostomi adalah tanpa komplikasi. Komplikasi terbanyak adalah dermatitis, yaitu 31 pasien (22.8%), kasus infeksi/abses/fistula dan obstruksi usus, yaitu 13 pasien (9.6%) dan 5 pasien (4.4%). Komplikasi yang jarang terjadi adalah retraksi stoma sebanyak 2 pasien (1.5%), prolaps stoma dan nekrosis/gangren, yaitu hanya 3 pasien (2.2%).Operasi cito memiliki resiko lebih besar terjadinya komplikasi pasca kolostomi daripada operasi yang dilakukan secara elektif (p 0.007, OR 2.85), Berdasarkan operator yang melakukan pembuatan kolostomi, konsulen memiliki resiko lebih kecil terjadinya komplikasi kolostomi dibandingkan trainee maupun residen (p < 0.0001). faktor usia, dimana usia sekitar 50 tahun (mean±SD,50.94±14) memiliki resiko terjadinya komplikasi pasca kolostomi (p 0.018).

Kesimpulan: Faktor-faktor berdasarkan jenis operasi (cito atau elektif), faktor usia, dan operator pembuat kolostomi memiliki hubungan bermakna dengan peningkatan angka kejadian komplikasi pasca kolostomi di RSCM.

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Background : A colostomy procedure is an important part in the management of surgical procedures in some diseases involving the gastrointestinal tract. So it is necessary to find the factors that influence the occurrence of complications.Method : This is a retrospective cross-sectional analytic study in Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital noting medical records of patients after the colostomy from January 2012 to December 2014 at the division of Digestive Surgery.Results : In 136 cases of post-colostomy, 66 cases have complications, 14 is early-onset and 52 is late-onset. 70 is without complications. Most complications are dermatitis, which is 31 (22.8%), cases of infection/abscess/fistula and intestinal obstruction are 13 (9.6%) and 5 patients (4.4%). A rare complication is colostomy retraction by 2 patients (1.5%), colostomy prolapse and necrosis/gangrene, which is only 3 patients (2.2%).A colostomy procedure in emergency surgery is more risky than elective surgery for complications after colostomy (p 0.007, OR 2.85), Based on the operator who perform a colostomy procedure, the consultant had a lower risk of complications than fellow or resident (p <0.0001). Based on the age factor, where the age of about 50 years has a risk of complications after colostomy (p 0.018).Conclusion : The timing of operation (emergency or elective), age, and operator who perform a colostomy procedure have a significantly relationships with an increased prevalence of complications after colostomy in RSCM."

"Pendahuluan:perforasi ileum merupakan suatu kegawatdaruratan dalam sistem gastrointestinal. Perforasi ileum terjadi akibat tumor ileum. Tujuan:untuk menampilkan asuhan keperawatan, penerapan evidence based nursing dan proyek inovasi. Peran perawat spesialis sebagai pemberi asuhan keperawatan lanjut, edukator, advokat, konselor, kolaborator, pembaharu dan peneliti. Metode:karya ilmiah ini menggunakan pendekatan studi kasus. Hasil: ada 1 kasus utama yaitu perforasi massa ileum dan 30 kasus resume sistem gastrointestinal dan hepatobilier. Ada 2 pasien dilakukan penerapan evidence based nursing practice mengunyah permen karet. Adanya efektifitas dari pemberian mengunyah permen karet untuk meningkatkan motilitas usus. Program inovasi kelompok berupa panduan peningkatan pemulihan setelah operasi enhanced after recovery surgery pada pasien yang menjalani pembedahan sistem pencernaan berupa pemberian maltodekstri sebelum operasi yaitu berjumlah 2 pasien, dan mobilisasi dini post operasi berjumlah 4 orang serta mengunyah permen karet setelah operasi berjumlah 2 orang. Kesimpulan: perilaku maladaptif pasien Tn.SMS yaitu gangguan body image. Mengunyah permen karet dapat meningkatkan motilitas usus, pemberian maltodektsrin pre operasi dapat mengurangi mual dan muntah serta nyeri post operasi dan mobilisasi dini 2 jam post operasi dapat mengurangi nyeri bahu pasien.

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Analysis of Medical Surgical Nursing Residency Practice and Case Study of Nursing Care Delivery on Patient with Perforated Ileal Mass Using Roy Adaptation Model RohmaniJuly 2018 Introduction: ileal perforation is an emergency in the gastrointestinal system. Perforation of ileum occurs due to ileal tumors. Purpose: to present nursing care, the application of evidence-based nursing and innovation projects. The role of specialist nurse as a nursing care nurse, educator, advocate, counselor, collaborator, reformer and researcher. Method: This paper uses a case study approach. Results: There were 1 major cases of ileal mass perforation and 30 cases of gastrointestinal and hepatobilier resume systems. There were 2 patients conducted the application of evidence based nursing practice chewing gum. The effectiveness of chewing gum to increase bowel motility. The group innovation program is an enhanced after recovery surgery guideline for patients undergoing gastrointestinal surgery in the form of preoperative maltodextrine, 2 patients, and postoperative early mobilization of 4 people and chewing gum after surgery of 2 people. Conclusion: maladaptive behavior of patient of Mr.SMS are body image disorder. Chewing gum can improve bowel motility, preoperative maltodextrine administration may reduce nausea and vomiting and postoperative pain and early mobilization 2 hours postoperatively may reduce shoulder pain of the patient. Key words: Roy adaptation model, Tumour of Ileum, Chewing Gum, Maltodextrin, D early mobilization, Enhanced recovery After Surgery. "

"Analisis Praktik Residensi Keperawatan Medikal Bedah dan Studi Kasus Pemberian Asuhan Keperawatan Pada Pasien Akalasia Esofagus Dengan Pendekatan Model Adaptasi Roy Di Rumah Sakit Umum Pusat Nasional Cipto Mangunkusumo Jakarta Abstrak Pendahuluan: Pelaksanaan praktek klinik selama masa residensi keperawatan peminatan digestif bertujuan untuk mampu menampilkan peran perawat spesialis sebagai pemberi asuhan keperawatan lanjut, pendidik, advokat, konselor, kolaborator, pembaharu dan peneliti. Peran pemberi asuhan keperawatan lanjut dilakukan dengan menggunakan Model Adaptasi Roy pada pasien Akalasia Esofagus dan 30 pasien lainnya. Perilaku maladaptif paling banyak adalah mode adaptasi fisiologis dengan diagnosa keperawatan ketidakseimbangan nutrisi kurang dari kebutuhan tubuh. Intervensi keperawatan berupa manajemen nutrisi ditujukan untuk meningkatkan adaptasi pasien dalam mencapai status nutrisi. Evidence Based Nursing dilakukan dengan menerapkan pemberian minuman maltodekstrin pada pasien pra operasi elektif pada dua pasien untuk mengatasi mual, muntah dan nyeri pasca operasi, diperoleh hasil keluhan mual dan muntah tidak ada sama sekali pada 0-24 jam pasca operasi, sedangkan keluhan nyeri ringan masih dirasakan pada satu pasien. Program inovasi kelompok berupa penerapan protokol ERAS yaitu pemberian maltodekstrin pra operasi, mengunyah permen karet pasca operasi dan mobilisasi dini 2 jam pasca operasi terbukti efektif mengatasi keluhan mual dan muntah pasca operasi, meningkatkan motilitas usus dan mencegah nyeri bahu pasca operasi.

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Analysis of Medical Surgical Nursing Residency Practice and Case Study of Nursing Care Delivery on Achalasia Oesophagoes Using Roy Adaptation Model ApproachAbstractImplementation of clinical practice during the residency of digestive nursing aims to be able to showcase the role of specialist nurse as advanced nursing care provider, educator, advocator, counselor, collaborator, innovator and researcher. Role of specialist as advance nursing care provider was done by using Roy Adaptation Model on Achalasia Oesophagus and 30 other patients. Maladaptive behavior at most is a physiological adaptation mode with imbalanced nutrition: less than body requirement nursing diagnosis. Nursing outcome of nutrition management is aimed at improving patient adaptation in gaining nutrition status. Evidence Based Nursing was performed by applying preoperative oral carbohydrate loading to two patients undergoing laparoscopy cholesystectomy for relieving post operative nausea and vomiting. The innovation program was implementing ERAS protocol e.g preoperative oral carbohydrate loading, chewing gum and early mobilization proved effective as nursing intervention in pre and post operative management. "

"Pelaksanaan praktek klinik selama masa residensi Keperawatan Medikal Bedah peminatan Digestif bertujuan untuk mampu menampilkan peran perawat spesialis sebagai pemberi asuhan keperawatan lanjut, pendidik, advokat, konselor, kolaborator, pembaharu dan peneliti secara khusus pada keahlian Digestif. Peran pemberi asuhan keperawatan lanjut dilakukan dengan menggunakan Model Adaptasi Roy pada pasien dengan kanker pankreas dan 30 kasus pasien dengan masalah digestif lainnya. Salah satu karaktristik perawat spesialis adalah memberikan intervensi keperawatan berbasis bukti Evidence-based Nursing practice , yang dilakukan melalui penggunaan Animal Naming Test ANT untuk mengidentifikasi gangguan fungsi kognitif pada pasien sirosis hepatis yang sedang dirawat. Animal Naming Test ANT yang diterapkan pada 16 pasien sirosis telah berhasil mengidentifikasi lebih banyak pasien yang mengalami gangguan kognitif dibandingkan dengan asesmen klinis yang sudah ada di ruang perawatan. Inovasi dalam pelayanan keperawatan yang dilakukan melalui program inovasi kelompok berupa penerapan kegiatan ERAS yakni memberikan minuman karnohidrat Maltodextrin, mobilisasi dini dan mengunyah permen, terbukti berhasil meningkatkan pemulihan perawatan pasien pembedahan sistem pencernaan.

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The purpose of Clinical learning practice during Medical Surgical Nursing Residency Program, with specialisation in digestive, is to facilitate the student in developing capability to perform the roles of nurse specialist as advanced nursing care provider, educator, advocator, counselor, collaborator, innovator and researcher. Advance nursing care provider role is implemented by using Roy Adaptation Model on pancreatic carcinoma patiet and 30 other digestive cases. Evidence Based Nursing Practice as other character of nurse specialist practice was performed by applying animal naming test ANT to identify cognitive problem in hospitalized cirrhotic patients. It is based on the importance for nurse to recognize early cognitive dysfunction to provide better nursing care especially in latent asymptomatic hepatic encephalopathy that common happens in cirrhosis patient. ANT was tested on 16 hospitalized cirrhotic patients and succeeded in identifying more cirrhosis patient with cognitive dysfunction compared to available assessments in ward. The innovation program which was implementing ERAS activities carbohydrate loading, early mobilization and chewing gum have proven to be effective perioperative management in digestive surgery. "

"Latar Belakang: Infeksi daerah operasi (IDO) merupakan salah satu komplikasi pascaoperasi tersering yang meningkatkan morbiditas, mortalitas, dan beban biaya kesehatan. Penerapan strategi pencegahan hanya menurunkan sedikit angka infeksi nosokomial pada pembedahan. Vitamin D diketahui memiliki pengaruh pada regulasi imun dan penyembuhan luka. Namun, hanya sedikit studi yang menilai efek potensialnya dalam mengurangi kejadian IDO dengan hasil yang didapatkan belum konsisten. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menilai hubungan status vitamin D serum praoperasi dengan kejadian IDO pascalaparotomi elektif.Metode: Studi kohort prospektif ini dilakukan pada subjek berusia 18–65 tahun di RS pendidikan tersier, RSUPN Dr. Cipto Mangungkusumo, yang dirawat untuk laparotomi elektif pada bulan Maret hingga Juni 2023. Pengukuran 25-hidroksi vitamin D serum praoperasi menggunakan metode chemiluminescent microparticle immunoassay (CMIA) dengan cutoff defisiensi pada kadar <30 ng/mL. Penegakkan diagnosis IDO berdasarkan kriteria Centers for Disease Control and Prevention dilakukan melalui pemantauan harian selama 30 hari pascaoperasi. Analisis bivariat dan multivariat digunakan untuk menilai hubungan antara variabel bebas dan terikat, serta mengidentifikasi faktor perancu lain yang berhubungan dengan IDO. Hasil: Dari total 117 subjek penelitian, sebanyak 90,4% subjek defisiensi vitamin D dan 20,5% subjek mengalami IDO. Defisiensi vitamin D praoperasi signifikan meningkatkan risiko kejadian IDO dibandingkan tidak defisiensi (RR 1,16, 95% CI 1,07–1,26). Analisis lanjutan dengan regresi logistik untuk faktor perancu lain memeroleh bahwa status albumin serum praoperasi menjadi faktor yang paling signifikan meningkatkan risiko kejadian IDO.Kesimpulan: Terdapat hubungan yang bermakna secara statistik antara defisiensi vitamin D serum praoperasi dengan kejadian IDO pascalaparotomi elektif.

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Background: Surgical site infection (SSI) is one of the most common postoperative complications that increases morbidity, mortality, and healthcare costs. The implementation of preventive strategies has only resulted in a slight reduction in nosocomial infection rates in surgical procedures. Vitamin D is known to have an influence on immune regulation and wound healing. However, there have been few studies assessing its potential effect in reducing the incidence of SSI, and the results obtained so far have been inconsistent. This study aims to assess the relationship between preoperative serum vitamin D status and the occurrence of SSI after elective laparotomy.

Methods: This prospective cohort study was conducted on subjects aged 18–65 years at a single tertiary teaching hospital, RSUPN Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo, who underwent elective laparotomy from March to June 2023. Measurement of preoperative serum 25-hydroxy vitamin D was done using the chemiluminescent microparticle immunoassay (CMIA) method with a deficiency cutoff at levels <30 ng/mL. The diagnosis of SSI was based on the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention criteria through daily monitoring for 30 days postoperatively. Bivariate and multivariate analyses were used to assess the relationship between independent and dependent variables and identify other confounding factors associated with SSI. 

Results: Out of a total of 117 study subjects, 90.4% were vitamin D deficient, and 20.5% developed SSI. Preoperative vitamin D deficiency significantly increased the risk of SSI compared to non-deficiency (RR 1.16, 95% CI 1.07–1.26). Further analysis using logistic regression for other confounding factors revealed that preoperative serum albumin status was the most significant factor in increasing the risk of SSI.

Conclusion: There is a significant statistical association between preoperative serum vitamin D deficiency and the occurrence of SSI after elective laparotomy."

"Latar belakang: Kanker kolorektal termasuk masalah yang cukup besar sebagai penyebab kematian kedua dari keseluruhan keganasan dalam skala global. Banyak faktor yang memengaruhi mortalitas pada pasien kanker kolorektal terutama pascapembedahan. penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor apa saja yang berpengaruh terhadap mortalitas pasien kanker kolorektal resektabel pascapembedahan dan menyusun sistem skor prognosis yang mampu memprediksi mortalitas pada pasien tersebut.Metode: Penelitian kohort retrospektif ini melibatkan pasien kanker kolorektal di RS Ciptomangunkusumo, Indonesia, dari Januari 2016-April 2020 yang terdiagnosis kanker kolorektal resektabel. Data-data dikumpulkan dari penelusuran rekam medis, laporan operasi, laporan histopatologi, dan laporan hasil laboratorium. Mortalitas dinilai pada tiga tahun setelah dilakukan pembedahan secara kuratif.Hasil: 214 pasien kanker kolorektal resektabel diikutkan dalam penelitian. Ukuran tumor ≥5 cm, staging T3/T4, tidak mendapatkannya kemoterapi adjuvan, tidak tercapainya free circumferensial margin, dan kadar CEA > 11,4 ng/mL memiliki hubungan bermakna dengan peningkatan mortalitas tiga tahun. Sistem skor prognosis mortalitas tiga tahun yang dibuat mampu memprediksi terjadinya luaran dengan sensitifitas 91,3% dan spesifisitas 67,6%.Kesimpulan: Sistem skor prognosis yang terdiri dari lima variabel secara signifikan mampu memprediksi angka mortalitas tiga tahun dengan luaran sensitifitas yang tinggi

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Background: Colorectal cancer is a major issue as the second leading cause of death among all malignancies on a global scale. Various factors influence mortality in colorectal cancer patients, especially after surgery. This study aims to identify factors affecting mortality in resectable colorectal cancer patients after surgery and to develop a prognostic scoring system capable of predicting mortality in these patients.

Methods: This retrospective cohort study involved colorectal cancer patients at Ciptomangunkusumo Hospital, Indonesia, from January 2016-April 2020 diagnosed with resectable colorectal cancer. Data were collected from medical records, operation reports, histopathology reports, and laboratory test results. Mortality was assessed three years after curative surgery.

Results: A total of 214 resectable colorectal cancer patients were included in the study. Tumor size ≥ 5 cm, T3/T4 staging, absence of adjuvant chemotherapy, unachieved free circumferential margin, and CEA levels > 11.4 ng/mL were significantly associated with increased three-year mortality. The constructed three-year mortality prognostic scoring system was able to predict outcomes with a sensitivity of 91.3% and a specificity of 67.6%.

Conclusion: The prognostic scoring system, consisting of five variables, is significantly capable of predicting three-year mortality rates with high sensitivity."

"Pendahuluan. Esofagektomi merupakan tata laksana pembedahan standar bagi pasien kanker esofagus resektabel. Namun, angka kesembuhan tindakan ini hanya berkisar antara 25 - 35% dan dihubungkan dengan seriusnya risiko komplikasi pascabedah. Pasien pascaesofagektomi diketahui mengalami penurunan kualitas hidup, tetapi belum ada penelitiannya di Indonesia. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui kualitas hidup pasien pascaesofagektomi pada populasi pasien di RSUPN Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo (RSCM).Metode. Penelitian ini merupakan kohort retrospektif dengan menggunakan instrumen yang dikeluarkan oleh European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC), yaitu modul khusus kanker esofagus EORTC-QLQ-OES18 dan core questionnaire C30. Populasinya adalah pasien pascaesofagektomi periode 2015—2021 di RSCM.Hasil. Sebanyak 35 subjek dilakukan esofagektomi dan rekonstruksi pascaesofagektomi. Terdiri dari laki-laki 62,9% dan perempuan 37,1%. Rerata usia adalah 43,8 tahun (SB: 13,1). Median kualitas hidup (global health) dari semua subjek adalah 83,3 (IQR: 25,0). Item pertanyaan skala fungsional terhadap keseluruhan subjek yang memiliki skor paling rendah adalah cognitive functioning (CF). Sedangkan berdasarkan item pertanyaan skala gejala terhadap keseluruhan subjek yang memiliki skor paling tinggi, yaitu nausea and vomiting (NV), pain (PA), dysphagia (OESDYS), eating (OESEAT), choking (OESCH), dan coughing (OESCO).Kesimpulan. Kualitas hidup pasien pascaesofagektomi di RSCM berdasarkan kuesioner EORTC-QLQ-C30 dan OES18 secara keseluruhan tergolong baik. Faktor prognostik yang berhubungan dengan penurunan kualitas hidup sebaiknya lebih diedukasi ke pasien dan dilakukan upaya persiapan sejak sebelum tindakan esofagektomi dikerjakan sehingga dapat memaksimalkan kualitas hidup pascaoperasi.

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Introduction. Esophagectomy is the standard surgical treatment for resectable esophageal cancer patients. However, the success rate for this procedure was about 25—35% and was associated with a severe risk of postoperative complications. Patients after esophagectomy have decreased their quality of life (QOL), but no research has been done in Indonesia. This study was conducted to determine the quality of life after esophagectomy in Indonesia based on the patient population at Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo General Hospital (CMGH).

Method. A retrospective study was conducted using quality of life instruments issued by the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC). It consists of the module for esophageal cancer EORTC-QLQ-OES18 and the core questionnaire C30. Subjects were patients after esophagectomy in 2015—2021 at CMGH.

Results. About 35 subjects underwent esophagectomy and followed by reconstruction, which comprised 62.9% male and 37.1% female. The mean age was 43.8 years (SD: 13.1 years). All subjects' median global health was 83.3 (IQR: 25.0). The overall functional scale question item with the lowest score was cognitive functioning (CF) 66.7 (IQR: 50.0). Meanwhile, based on the question items on the overall symptom scale, the worst scores were nausea and vomiting (NV) 16.7 (IQR: 50.0), pain (PA) 16.7 (IQR: 33.3), dysphagia (OESDYS) 33.3 (IQR: 33.3), eating (OESEAT) 34.5 (IQR: 23.9), choking (OESCH) 33.3 (IQR: 33.3), and coughing (OESCO) 33.3 (IQR: 33.3).

Conclusion. The overall QOL after esophagectomy at CMGH based on the EORTC-QLQ-C30 and OES18 questionnaires was good. Prognostic factors associated with decreased quality of life should be better educated to patients and prepared well before the esophagectomy procedure, thus maximizing quality of life after esophagectomy.

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"Tujuan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui nila diagnostic kadar CEA serum sebagai indikator terjadinya metastasis hepar dari kanker kolorektal (KKR) pada usia dewasa muda Metode. Studi potong lintang dilakukan dengan menggunakan data sekunder berupa catatan pasien dalam rekam medis. Pasien berusia <50 tahun yang terdiagnosis kanker kolorektal primer secara histopatologis di Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital direkrut dalam penelitian ini. Kami mengeksklusi pasien dengan riwayat keganasan lain, telah menjalani tatalaksana operatif untuk kanker kolorektal, dan memiliki komorbiditas penyakit hati. Luaran akhir dari penelitian ini adalah cut off nilai CEA yang didapat dengan kurva ROC, sensitivitas, dan spesifisitas nilai CEA dalam memprediksi metastasis hepar KKR. Hasil. Kami merekrut 181 pasien dengan proporsi 43.6% perempuan. 59 pasien (32.6%) diketahui memiliki metastasis hepar pada saat intraoperatif. Kadar CEA pasien metastasis ditemukan sebesar 208.1 (2.1–12503.2) ng/mL, angka ini jauh lebih tinggi dibandingkan pasien non-metastasis 6.27 (0.8–1099.4) ng/mL (p<0.001). Nilai AUC tercatat sebesar 0,904, dan cut off optimal didapat pada kadar CEA ≥38,765 ng/mL (Indeks Youden = 1,718). Peneliti mencatat sensitivitas dan spesifisitas niali CEA serum ≥38,765 ng/mL, secara berturut-turut, sebesar 91,53% (IK 95%, 81,32%–97,19%) dan 80,3% (72,16%–86,97%). Rasio odds pasien kanker kolorektal usia muda untuk mengalami metastasis hepar adalah sebesar 44,10 (IK 95%, 15,92–122,20) bila nilai CEA serum pasien sebesar ≥38,765 ng/mL. Simpulan. Kadar CEA ≥38,765 ng/mL memiliki sensitivitas dan spesifisitas yang baik, sehingga cukup efektif untuk digunakan sebagai prediktor metastasis hepar pada penderita KKR.

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Introduction. This study aims to determine the diagnostic value of serum CEA levels as the liver metastases predictor of colorectal cancer (CRC) in young adults.. Method. A cross-sectional study was conducted using secondary data (patient medical records) from 2015–2021. Patients aged <50 years who were diagnosed histopathologically with primary colorectal cancer at Cipto Mangunkusumo General Hospital were recruited in this study. We excluded patients with a history of other malignancies, who had undergone operative management for colorectal cancer, and preexisting liver disease. The outcome of this study is the cut-off of the CEA value obtained by the ROC curve, the sensitivity and specificity of the CEA value in predicting CR liver metastases. Results. We recruited 181 patients with a proportion of 43.6% women. Fifty-nine patients (32.6%) had liver metastases. The CEA level of metastatic patients was 208.1 (2.1–12503.2) ng/mL; this was much higher than the non-metastatic group, which was recorded at 6.27 (0.8–1099.4) ng/mL (p<0.001). The AUC value was recorded at 0.904, and the optimal cut-off was obtained at CEA levels 38.765 ng/mL (Youden's Index = 1.718). We noted the sensitivity and specificity of serum CEA values 38.765 ng/mL, respectively, of 91.53% (91.5 CI, 81.32%–97.19%) and 80.3% (72.16%– 86.97%). The odds ratio of young colorectal cancer patients to have liver metastases was 44.10 (95% CI, 15.92–122.20) if the patient's serum CEA value was 38.765 ng/mL. Conclusion. CEA level ≥38,765 ng/mL has good sensitivity and specificity in predicting liver metastases among young adults with CRC."

"Latar belakang : Insiden sindrom pascakolesistektomi SPK di RS dr.Cipto Mangunkusumo RSCM pada tahun 2012 sebesar 54.29 , lebih tinggi daripada penelitian di negara lain.Tujuan : Studi ini bertujuan mencari faktor risiko SPK untuk mengupayakan turunnya insiden SPK.Metode : Dilakukan suatu studi cross-sectional terhadap subjek yang menjalani kolesistektomi pada periode Januari - Desember 2015.Hasil : Total 112 pasien menjalani laparoskopik kolesistektomi. Insiden SPK didapatkan sebesar 45,5 . Pada analisis bivariat didapatkan hubungan signifikan antara SPK dengan lama keluhan praoperasi p=0,033, OR=2,29 , flatulens praoperasi p=0,000, OR=16,48 , gejala non-spesifik praoperasi p=0,000, OR=6,93 , persepsi pasien p=0,000, OR=5,723 . Pada analisis regresi logistik didapatkan flatulens praoperasi p=0,000, OR=17,152 , gejala non-spesifik praoperasi p=0,012, OR=3,984 dan persepsi pasien praoperasi p=0,003, OR=5,907 merupakan faktor risiko untuk SPK. Rerata lama observasi pascaoperasi adalah 14,95 bulan.Kesimpulan : Tingginya angka SPK di RSCM akibat jumlah subjek dengan gejala praoperasi non-spesifik yang lebih tinggi, persepsi praoperasi yang buruk, dan perbedaan lama observasi pascaoperasi.

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Background: Incidence of postcholecystectomy syndrome in Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital at 2012 is 54.29 , higher than ever reported.

Objective: The objective of the study was to identify risk factors of PCS and decrease its incidence.

Method: A cross sectional study was performed enroll all subjects that underwent cholecystectomy from January to December 2015.

Result: All 112 subjects underwent laparoscopic cholecystectomy. We found the incidence for PCS to be 45.5 . Bivariate analysis showed there were significant correlation between PCS and preoperative symptom duration p 0.033, OR 2.29 , preoperative flatulence p 0.000, OR 16.48 , non specific preoperative symptoms p 0.000, OR 6.93 , poor preoperative perception p 0.000, OR 5.723 . Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that only preoperative flatulence p 0.000, OR 17.152 , non specific preoperative symptoms p 0.012, OR 3.984 , and poor preoperative perception p 0.003, OR 5.907 were independent predictive factors for PCS. Mean of postoperative observation was 14.95 months.

Conclusion: High incidence of PCS in RSCM was influenced by larger number of subject with non specific preoperative symptoms, poor preoperative perception and the difference in duration for postoperative observation."