Hasil Pencarian  ::  Simpan CSV :: Kembali

"This dissertation discusses about the tin mining in Bangka community in Penagan village, Province of Bangka-Belitung Islands, particularly on relations of strength in the activity structure of tin mining performed by the miners (individuals or groups) in organizing the control, exploitation, management and distribution of the resources in the area. Tin mining activities performed by Bangka people in Penagan is called TI forming inseparable part of Bangka people life. In these activities, the miners are connected in the context of relation of power based on the strength of each miner. The relation of strength and powers is not only demonstrated by the statue and role between Boss and subordinates in TI activities but also among TI with other miners interested in tin resources.In this dissertation, i will show the relation of power in the social structure being the function of mutual relations of strength among the miners based on the capabilities and capacity of each miner in such structure. The powers of each miner includes capital and symbols of relaionship regularly reproduced to strengthen the existing relation. Mutual relation is functionally empowered by the miners to maximize the economic benefit from available resources in the walks of life of the ccommunity. Tin mining structure is a siymbiotic and mutual cooperation network (mutual and profit exchange) primarily among the miners based on economic benefit of tin resource, where the fund will then become collective standard of the miners and business groups. The strength held by each miner in the context of tin resources control and tin mining activities indicate no dualism of the strength of the miner binding of free. In term of mining context, the existing strength is independent or binding. There is no miner who can directly control by the power it owns in tin mining activities. This is attributable to the fact that tin, as a resource in social system of tin mining is considered as collective resources.Research methodology used in this dissertation is qualitative research method with observation technique and in-depth interview. Specifically, it uses ethnography method resulth in deep and holistic examination on tin mining performed by Bangka community in Penagan. The period of data collection began from the early 2005 until August 2006. I use the approach referring to the relations of power and strength among the miners in the tin mining structure which includes control, management and organizing of tin resources. The relation of powers among the miners is based upon the strength of the miners to influence and or to control other miners."

"Masalah audit lingkungan menjadi sangat penting untuk dianalisis dalam disertasi ini, karena Amdal sebagai salah satu piranti pengelolaan lingkungan belum dapat berfungsi dengan baik. Masih dijumpai pengusaha yang ?curang?, yaitu bekerja sama dengen Konsultan AMDAL dan mengisi dokumen AMDAL secara asal-asalan. Nabiel Makarim, menilai bahwa terjadinya studi AMDAL yang tidak benar atau bahkan fiktif, disebabkan karena sistem pengawasan yang lemah dan tidak adanya prioritas atau strategi pelaksanaannya. Selain itu, ketiadaan minimum requirement juga menyebabkan studi AMDAL dibuat semurah mungkin, sehingga akhirnya tidak sesuai dengan kenyataan. Ide dasar Amdal memang didasarkan sebagai alat pengelolaan (management tool) untuk memprediksi dampak suatu kegiatan terhadap lingkungan, tetapi kenyataannya Iebih sebagai alat administratif, bahkan NHT Siahaan mengemukakan bahwa, Amdal lebih mengarah kepada penonjolan administratif (dalam urusan perizinan suatu usaha) daripada substantifnya.Tujuan yang ingin dicapai dalam menganalisis masaIah "Aspek Yuridis Peranan Audit Lingkungn dalam Pembangunan Berkelanjutan" adalah:1. Untuk mengetahui peranan hukum yang mengatur audit lingkungan dalam mencapai pembangunan berkelanjutan.2. Untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor penghambat dan pendorong pelaksanaan audit lingkungan, terutama faktor-faktor yuridisnya."

"Meningkatnya pembangunan kota; pertambahan jumlah penduduk, tingkat aktivitas dan tingkat sosial-ekonomi masyarakat menyebabkan meningkatnya jumlah timbulan sampah di perkotaan. Sampah yang tidak dikelola dengan baik tentunya akan berdampak terhadap nilai dan fungsi lingkungan, oleh katena itu diperlukan upaya pengelolaan di antaranya melalui pengolahan dan pemanfaatan sampah. Namun demikian, pada tingkat kota umumnya pengelola dihadapkan pada permasalahan keterbatasan lahan dan metode dalam menentukan sistem pengolahan sampah yang optimal. Tujuan umum dari penelitian ini adalah mengembangkan model pendukung pengambilan keputusan dalam menentukan sistem pengolahan sampah kota yang optimal dengan mempertimbangkan aspek keberlanjutan, yang meliputi aspek teknis, lingkungan, ekonomi dan sosial. Dalam model yang dikembangkan ini dirumuskan model matematis perhitungan dampak lingkungan potensial terkait clengan konsumsi energi, potensi pemanasan global dan _potensi toksik, dengan skenario yang dikembangkan atas altematif pilihan teknologi. Pada Studi kasus wilayah Jakarta Barat, melalui implementasi model perhitungan dampak lingkungan potensial yang telah dirumuskan, menunjukkan bahwa skenario sistem pengolahan sampah dengan kombinasi teknologi pengomposan dan teknologi reusable landfill (Skenario 3) merupakan sistem pengolahan sampah yang optimal untuk wilayah studi. Kombinasi altematif teknologi pengolahan sampah terpilih_ tersebut didasarkan atas analisis manfaat-biaya yang telah memperhitungkan aspek lceterbatasan lahan dan dampak lingkungan potensial.

---

The population growth and rapid urbanization flow have caused the amount of solid waste generation in the urban area to increase. Solid waste that is not managed properly will definitely affect the value and function ofthe environment. In addition, large amounts of urban solid waste disposal require large area. Densely populated areas like large cities will have difiiculty in iinding land for landiills. To reduce the burden on landfill and prolong the life of landfills, it is necessary to reduce the amount of solid waste dumped into landfills, inter alia, through processing and utilization of solid waste. In an urban area, generally, organizers are faced to problems in developing sustainability -of the solid waste treatment system, including the method and strategy for determining the best combination of solid waste treatment technologies. The purpose of this research is to develop a model that can support the decision making process in determining the optimal urban solid waste treatment system. The formulation of the model for selecting the optimal urban solid waste treatment system was done through the step of organizing the altematives of urban solid waste treatment technology combination. Generally the optimization strategy was done in two steps that included the formulation of the mathematical model for calculating the potential environmental impact -which covered energy consumption, global warming potential and toxicity potential. The step followed atierwards was the implementation of the mathematical model, implying on the emergence of the environmental cost burden. In the case study of West Jakarta area, the implementation of mathematical model for calculating the environmental impact potential indicated that the scenario of solid waste treatment system with the combination of composting technology and reusable landfill technology (Scenario 3) is the optimal solid waste treatment system for the study area. The combination of alternative solid waste treatment technology selected was based on a cost-benefit analysis which has considered the aspect of land scarcity and potential environmental impacts."