Hasil Pencarian  ::  Simpan CSV :: Kembali

Abstrak :
ABSTRAK
Penelilian tahap perlama ini merupakan penelitian survai, yang bertujuan untuk memperoleh informasi tentang : (1) urutan kompetensi ahli teknik mesin yang dibutuhkan oleh dunia kerja, (2) urutan penguasaan kompetensi sarjana teknik mesin, (3) urutan kompetensi ahli teknik mesin yang perlu didngkatkan, (4) kompetensi lulusan teknik mesin yang perlu ditingkatkam menurut perguruan tinggi, (5) kompehensi yang perlu mendapat perhatian perguruan tinggi dalarn pengcmbangan kurikulum, (6) urutan prioritas cabang ilmu heknik mesin yang perlu dikembangkan, (7) kerjasama perguruan tinggi dan industri, (8) kondisi perguruan tinggi. Lnformasi tersebut di atas akan dijadikan sébagai landa,san_) dalam penelitian berikutnya, yaitu perancangan model pernbelajaz-an yang mampu mendukung terciptqnya kebutuhan kompetensi yang telah dirumuskan pada penelitian `

Untuk mendapatkan infonnasi tersebut di atas, dilakukan survai pada '16 industri yang bergerak di bidang teknik mesin dan 6 perguruan tinggi negeri. Industri yang disurvai mencakup induslri mesin yang memproduksi bahan, barang jadi, dan jasa. Perguruan tinggi yang di survai adalah UNSRL ITB, UI, UGM, ITS, UNHAS. Instrumen penelitian yang dipakai dalam penelitiah ini berupa kuesioner yang dibuat untuk industzi dan keperluan pergunzan tinggi. Kuesipner untuk keperluan industri terdiri dari 4 bagian yailu idemitas responden, persepsi kemampuan dasar ahli heknik mesin, penguasaan kompetensi sazjana teknik mesin clan kerjasama dengan perguruan tinggi. Kuesioner untuk keperluan pérgliruan tinggi terdiri dari 5 bagian yaitu identitas responden, `pe1nbekalan pengetahuan teknik mesin, kelengkapan fasilitas pendidikan, kondisi pengajaran, kerjasama dengan instansi lain.

Hasil analisis data secara deskriptif mengungkapkan bahwa A). Kebutuhan ahli teknik mesin menurut industri adalah 1 (1) lima umtan prioritas kompetensi dari yang paljng penting adalah : perencanaan & perancangan nekayasa, rnanajemen rekayasa, pendidikan dan pelatihan, komunikasi, pengetahuan 8: keterampilan dasar rekayasa profesional; (2) Urutan penguasaan kompctensi diurut mulai dari yang paling lemah adalah kumuniksi, penelitian & pengembangan, komersialisasi, manajemen aset, implementasi proyek, manufaktur 6: produksi; (3) umtan kompetensi yang perlu ditingkatkan diurut mulai dari yang paling -penting adalah komunilcasi, perencanaan & perancangan rekayasa, pendidikan & pelatihan, penelitian & pengembangan, komersialisasi; (4) arah perkembangan bidang ilmu tekni1< mesin diurut mulai dari yang paling penting adalah konversi energi, pemipaan & instalasi, variasi mesin untuk kebutuhan khusus, mesin- mesin otomotif, mesin-mesin pertanian; B) Kebufsuhan ahli teknik mesin menurut pergnu-uan tinggi adalah: (1) kompetensi yang perlu dilingkatkan adalah prinsip & etika profesi, (2) kompebensi yang perlu dipertimbangkan dalam pengembangan kudkulum adalahz komunikasi, perencanaan '& perancangan rekayasa, pendidikan 8: pelatihan, manajemen aset, penelitian & pengembangan, komersialisasi; prinsip 8: etilca profesi; (3) seluruh perguruan Iinggi ternyata pernah melakukan kezjasama dengan industri, namun masing-masing melihat dari kepantingannya sendiri, belum pada kepentingan bersama, (4) praktikum pada umumnya berjalan lancar, fasilitas perpustakaan dan administrasi pelayanan memadai, metoda, media pembelajaran serta tugas yang diberikan pada mahasiswa miskin variasi.

Berdasarkan kesimpulan di atas, maka dapat diiemukaan bebe)-apa saran implikasi hasil temuan penelitian sebagai berikul: (1) model pembelajaran yang dikembangkan dirancang sedemikian, sehingga dapat meningkatkan kemampuan (kompetensi) sebagai berikut : (a) kemampuan berkomunikasi secara efektif (terlulis dan lisan), (b) lcemampuan rancang bangun dan rekayasa dalarn bidang pcrmesinan, (c) kemampuan mengaplikasikan konsep dan prinsip manajemen dalam proses belajarnya, (d) kemampuan menjelaskan prinsip-prinsip penelitian cjan pengembangannya untuk menghasilkan produk Iayak jual, (e) kemampuan menjalankan tugas sesuai dengan kode etik profesional, (2) mata kuiiah yang akan digunakan sebagai obyek garapan pengembangan model pembelajaran adalan mata kuliah yang memungkinkan (cocok) untuk climinati. Stra pembelajaran yang diusulkan adalah strategi mendukung ke arah pembentukan kompetensi sebagaimana tertera di atas, (3) bidang garapan kerjasama Perguruan Tinggi - Industri yang ada agar diupayakan untuk dimanfaatkan sebagai lahan penerapan dalam menumbuhkan kompetensi yang diperlukan, (4) temuan mengenai arah pengexnbangan bidang ilmu teknik mesin, agar diperlimbangkan, sebagai masukan dalam mengembangkan metode pernbelajaran, (5) kegiatan pembelajaran, jenis tugas yang diberikan, media pembelajaran dan kegiatan praktikum seria fasilitas laboratorium yang ada, agar dimanfaatkan, dimoclifikasi sedemikian sehfngga mendulcung ke arah tercapainya kompetensi yang diharapkan, (6) karakheristik dosen, mahasiswa perlu digali, agar efektlfitas pembelajaran meningkat.

---

Abstract
The aim of this first stage research were to find out the information about : (1) the ranking priority of Mechanical Engineer?s competence in industries, (2) the ranking of mastering level?s competence of Mechanical Engineer who works in industries, (3) the kinds of competence of Mechanical Engineer needed to be improved proposed by industries, (4) the competence of Mechanical Engineer?s needed to be improved proposed by the Technical Higher Education, (5) the ranking priority of Mechanical Engineering Specialisation needed to be developed, (6) kind of partnership activities between industry and technical higher education., (7) the existing condition of instructional facilities usage in the technical higher education. All this infomation above will be`used as main input, instrumental input for developing instructional model that will be able to support the competency needed by the Mechanical Engineer that will be held in the second stage of research.

Survey in 16 industries producing materials, goods and mechanical engineering service, and 6 (six) States Technical I-Hgher Education in Mechanical Engineering Division had been done in order to gather infomation needed for this research. The (six) States Technical Higher Education in Mechanical Engineering Division were UNSRI, ITB, UI, UGM., ITS, UNHAS. The instmments for survey consist of questiormaire for industries and for universities. The questionnaire for industry consists of 4 parts, there are respondent identity, the perception items of basic knowledge competency needed for the professional mechanical engineer, the perception of mastering level competency of Mechanical Engineer who works in industries, kind of partnership activities between industry and university. The questionnaire for States Technical Higher Education in Mechanical Engineering Division consists of 5 (five) parts, there are respondent identity, the perception of mechanical engineering content to be given in promoting competency ,needed for Mechanical Engineer in university, the existing facilities in education, the existing condition of instructional activities to be handled, kind partnership activities between industry and university. This research find out : A) From industrial point of view that : (1) The ranking priority of Mechanical Engineer competency, presents from the most important competency were Engineering Planning and Design, Management of Engineering Works, Education and Training, Communication, Professional Engineering Practice Skill and Basic Engineering Knowledge, (2) The ranking mastering level competence of Mechanical Engineer who works in industry presents from the lowest level ofmzistcring were Communication, Research Development and Commercialisation, Asset Management, Project Implementation and Production ; (3) The ranking of competence needed to be improved according to the industries, presents from the most important competency were Communication, Engineering Planning and Design, Education and Training, Asset Management, Research Development and Commercialisation ; (4) The direction of mechanical engineering specialist needed to be developed presents from the most important were Energy Conversion & Electric Power, Plant and Piping Engineering, Various Special Industries Machinery Engineering, Automotive Engineering, Agricultural Machine Engineering ; B) From Higher Education point of view this research find out that 2 (1) The competency needed to be improved according to respondent in the higher education technology was The Professional Ethics and Principles; (2) The competency needed to be considered in curriculum development were Communication, Engineering Planning and Design, Education and Training, Asset Management, Research. Development and Commercialisation, Professional Ethics and Principles, (3) Almost all higher education technology in mechanical engineering division ever having activities with industry ; (4) Almost all higher education technology in mechanical engineering division had done very well the laboratory works ; library facilities and services also in good order; the instructional method and media usage and task to be given to the students were in poor in variety.

Base on the summary above, some suggestions are proposed as follow: __ (l) _In order to develop instructional model for mechanical engineering division: (a) the ranking priority of competence needed to be achieved have to be used as the instructional objective , (b) he condition of the mechanical engineering division , such as the characteristics of course content, the characteristics ofthe students, the constraints and strength in the education institution and industries. (2) By knowing the type of collaboration activities between university and industry, it can be used as an input for improving a better collaboration which can give benefits for both clearly, (3) By knowing the direction of mechanical engineering specialist needed to be developed _ it can be used as an input for designing specific instructional task for students in order to increase enrichment in knowledge or for curriculum development.