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"Agen penghambat beta telah menunjukkan penurunan resiko perawatan atau kematian pasien dengan gagal jantung ringan sampai sedang, tetapi hanya sedikit diketahui mengenai manfaat atau keamanan agen ini pada gagal jantung berat. Dilaporkan satu kasus penggunaan penghambat beta pada gagal jantung berat dengan fraksi ejeksi kurang dari 25%. Laporan manfaat penghambat beta terhadap kesakitan dan kematian pasien dengan gagal jantung ringan sampai sedang juga ditemukan pada pasien dengan gagal jantung berat seperti yang dilaporkan pada kasus ini. (Med J Indones 2002; 11: 174-5)

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Beta-blocking agents have been shown to reduce the risk of hospitalization and death in patients with mild to moderate heart failure, but little is known about the efficacy or safety of these agents in severe heart failure. A case of beta blocker administration in severe heart failure with ejection fraction less than 25% is reported. The reported benefits of beta blockers with regard to morbidity and mortality in patients with mild to moderate heart failure were also found in the patient with severe heart failure as reported in this case. (Med J Indones 2002; 11: 174-5)"

"AbstrakHeart failure has become a public health problem with increasing incidence and prevalence. Many patients first came to the primary care and managed by general practitioner. Accurate diagnosis is essential to provide good management of heart failure. However, symptoms and signs alone are often neither sufficient nor specific to confirm the diagnosis. Some studies show that heart failure patients are still incorrectly diagnosed and inadequately treated, despite the availability of current guidelines. Inadequacy of facilities is the main obstacle in diagnosing and managing heart failure, especially in developing countries like Indonesia. The medications recommended for treating heart failure are still under-prescribed. This review discuss about the challenges of diagnosis and management of heart failure in primary care."

"In 2014 there was found two "enigmatic" specimens of mandible, which named as Semedo 3417 and 3418. Both mandibles are morphologically similar but twice bigger than common primate?s jaw. In this research, we use morphology and morphometric analysis to determine the species identity and taxonomic position of those specimens. For comparison study we use some samples from Homo erectus (Java and China), Gigantopithecus (blacki and bilaspurensis), Australopithecines (robust and gracile). Based on morphology and morphometric characters on the mandible and teeth, it is concluded that Semedo specimen tends to be close to Gigantopithecus blacki. The discoveries of Gigantopithecus fossil in Java has implication on some research problem, especially regarding the adaptation pattern of this species which known only found at high latitudes environment. Furthermore this discovery has reinforced the perspective that tropical environment has a very high biodiversity, particularly on primate fossils."

"ABSTRACTThis study discusses whether there an influence from the announcement of the newcalculation of LQ45 and IDX30 index. This study uses indicators of abnormal return, cumulative abnormal return, and trading volume activity as a measure of market reaction. The population of this study is the companies incorporated in the IDX30 index. The sampling method uses purposive sampling method and obtained sample of 20 companies.The window period in this study is 11 days. Statistical tests using paired sample t-test and Wilcoxon sign rank test. The results of this study indicate there are no differences in the average abnormal return and trading volume activity before and after the event. There are differences in cumulative abnormal returns before and after events. This shows that investors have anticipated the news and the market has adjusted to a new balance before the announcement of the new LQ45 and IDX30 index calculations officially applied."