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Abstrak :
Latar Belakang: Virus dengan gejala pneumonia berat teridentifikasi di Wuhan, Cina sebagai virus COVID-19. Sulitnya pemutusan rantai infeksi COVID-19 mengancam seluruh dunia dan dinyatakan sebagai pandemi pada 11 Maret 2020. Akhirnya, berbagai layanan esensial negara seperti pengobatan gigi dan mulut terpaksa dibatasi aktivitasnya sebagai upaya pengendalian infeksi. Namun, rasa sakit yang tidak dapat tertahankan seperti kegawatdaruratan endodontik tidak bisa dihindari dan membutuhkan pertolongan segera. Selama pandemi, RSKGM FKG UI sebagai pusat rujukan pelayanan kedokteran gigi tetap beroperasi dengan memperketat rangkaian pencegahan dan pengendalian infeksi. Maka, identifikasi dan evaluasi kasus kegawatdaruratan endodontik sebelum dengan selama pandemi di RSKGM FKG UI dilakukan. Tujuan: Mengetahui distribusi dan frekuensi kegawatdaruratan endodontik di Rumah Sakit Khusus Gigi dan Mulut Fakultas Kedokteran Gigi Universitas Indonesia sebelum dan selama pandemi COVID-19. Metode: Penelitian merupakan penelitian deskriptif retrospektif dan analitik komparatif kategorik menggunakan data sekunder rekam medik. Hasil: Terdapat 315 kasus kegawatdaruratan endodontik dengan 111 kasus ditemukan sebelum pandemi dan 204 kasus ditemukan selama pandemi. Terdapat dominasi pada kelompok usia produktif, jenis kelampin perempuan, dan tindakan PSA sebelum dan selama pandemi yang diiringi dengan perbedaan dominasi diagnosis kasus, yaitu acute apical abscess sebelum pandemi dan symptomatic irreversible pulpitis selama pandemi. Terdapat perbedaan bermakna antara diagnosis acute apical abscess dengan symptomatic irreversible pulpitis (p-value <0,05) dan perbedaan tidak bermakna antara tindakan perawatan kegawatdaruratan endodontik sebelum dengan selama pandemi. Kesimpulan: Terjadi peningkatan kasus kegawatdaruratan endodontik selama pandemi COVID-19 yang diiringi dengan penurunan arus kunjungan departemen konservasi. ......Background: Virus with symptoms of severe pneumonia was identified in Wuhan, China as COVID-19 virus. The difficulties in controlling the COVID-19 transmission have led to a pandemic which was declared on March 11, 2020. Various essential sectors of the country been restricted at last to control virus transmission. However, intolerable pain such as endodontic emergency is unavoidable and requires immediate help. During the pandemic, RSKGM FKG UI continues to operate as referral centre for dental services by tightening the health protocol. Therefore, it is necessary to identify and evaluate endodontic emergency cases before and during pandemic era at RSKGM FKG UI. Objective: This study aims to determine the distribution and frequency of endodontic emergency cases in RSKGM FKG UI before and during pandemic era of COVID-19. Methods: Retrospective descriptive and comparative analytical study is done using secondary data found in patient’s medical record. Results: There were 315 cases of endodontic emergency with 111 cases found before the pandemic and 204 cases found during the pandemic. Case was dominated by productive age, female, and root canal treatment group before and during pandemic followed by acute apical abscess domination before pandemic and symptomatic irreversible pulpitis domination during pandemic. There was significant difference between acute apical abscess group and symptomatic irreversible pulpitis group (p-value <0,05) accompanied by no significant difference between treatment group before and during pandemic. Conclusion: Collected data showed an increased cases of endodontic emergencies accompanied by decreased flow of regular visitors at conservative department.

Abstrak :
Latar Belakang: Pandemi COVID-19 di Indonesia memiliki dampak besar pada praktik pelayanan kedokteran gigi. Dokter gigi memiliki risiko lebih tinggi terinfeksi COVID-19 dalam prosedur kedokteran gigi. Oleh karena itu, perlu dilakukan tindakan pencegahan penularan COVID-19 dalam bentuk kontrol infeksi yang merupakan salah satu indikator penilaian kualitas dalam praktik pelayanan kedokteran gigi. Tujuan: Penelitian ini menjelaskan hubungan antara pengetahuan dan sikap pencegahan COVID-19 dengan praktik pelayanan di RSKGM FKG UI pada mahasiswa PPDGS Konservasi Gigi. Metode: Penelitian deskriptif analitik potong-lintang pada 58 mahasiswa PPDGS Konservasi Gigi FKG UI berbasis kuesioner yang dibagikan secara daring. Hasil: Berdasarkan Uji Mann-Whitney dan Kruskal Wallis, tidak terdapat perbedaan bermakna secara statistik (p > 0,05) antara pengetahuan, sikap dan praktik pencegahan COVID-19 berdasarkan lama pengalaman kerja dan tahun angkatan pendidikan. Uji korelasi Spearman menunjukkan tidak ada hubungan (p > 0,05) pengetahuan dan sikap mahasiswa tentang pencegahan COVID-19 dengan praktik pelayanan kedokteran gigi. Kesimpulan: Mahasiswa PPDGS Konservasi Gigi memiliki tingkat pengetahuan baik, sikap positif dan praktik yang baik terkait pencegahan COVID-19. Tidak ada hubungan antara pengetahuan dan sikap responden tentang pencegahan COVID-19 dengan praktik pelayanan di RSKGM FKGUI serta tidak terdapat perbedaan yang bermakna pengetahuan, sikap, dan praktik pencegahan COVID-19 berdasarkan lama pengalaman kerja dan tahun angkatan pendidikan. ......Background: The COVID-19 pandemic in Indonesia has had a major impact on the dental services. Dentists are exposed to a higher risk of getting infected by COVID-19 during dental procedures. Therefore, it is necessary to take measures to prevent the transmission of COVID-19 in the form of infection control which is one of the indicators of quality assessment in dental service practice. Objectives: This study explains the correlation between knowledge and attitudes about COVID-19 prevention with service practice at RSKGM FKG UI on Conservative Dentistry Specialty Program Student. Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive analytic study was conducted on 58 Conservative Dentistry Specialty Program Students based on questionnaires taken online. Result: Based on the Mann-Whitney and Kruskal Wallis tests, there was no statistical difference (p> 0.05) between knowledge, attitudes and practices of COVID-19 prevention based on length of work experience and years of education. The Spearman test showed no correlation (p> 0.05) between knowledge and attitudes of students about COVID-19 prevention on dental service practices. Conclusion: Conservative Dentistry Specialty Program Students have a good level of knowledge, positive attitude and good practices related to COVID-19 prevention. There is no correlation between the knowledge and attitudes of respondents about COVID-19 prevention on service practices at the RSKGM FKG UI and there is no significant difference in knowledge, attitudes, and practices of COVID-19 prevention based on the length of work experience and years of the education

Abstrak :
Latar Belakang: TGF-β1 memiliki peran penting dalam proses diferensiasi sel punca pulpa (hDPSCs) menjadi sel odontoblast dan asam hialuronat (AH) sebagai perancah alami memiliki sifat biokompabilitas dan berperan dalam pembentukan jaringan keras gigi. Tujuan: Mengetahui potensi berbagai konsentrasi AH (10 mg/mL, 20 mg/mL, 30 mg/mL) pada media kultur (MK) hDPSCs terhadap ekspresi TGF-β1 dengan waktu observasi 7 hari dan 14 hari. Metode: Kultur hDPSCs didapatkan dari penelitian sebelumnya (persetujuan etik dilampirkan) yang merupakan passage 3 dan 4. Setelah 24 jam inkubasi, MK digantikan oleh media osteogenic. hDPSCs dipuasakan selama 24 jam. AH kemudian ditanam ke dalam 96 well kultur jaringan yang terdiri dari 5x103 sel/well. MK AH dibagi menjadi tiga konsentrasi (10 mg/ml, 20 mg/ml, dan 30 mg/ml) dan diinkubasi dalam atm 5% CO2, 37o C. Ekspresi TGF-β1 dianalisis menggunakan ELISA reader setelah inkubasi selama 7 hari dan 14 hari dan secara kualitatif dengan pewarnaan Alizarin Red. Analisis statistik menggunakan uji One-way ANOVA dan uji Post Hoc LSD (SPSS IBM 26). Hasil: Terdapat perbedaan potensi berbagai konsentrasi AH (p<0,05) terhadap ekspresi TGF-β1 hDPSCs pada observasi 7 dan 14 hari. Kelompok AH 30 mg/mL memiliki ekspresi TGF-β1 tertinggi. Pewarnaan Alizarin Red menunjukkan nodul berwarna merah semakin pekat dan banyak pada konsentrasi AH 30 mg/mL. Kesimpulan: AH berpotensi untuk meningkatkan ekspresi TGF-β1. Kelompok AH 30 mg/mL merupakan konsentrasi yang paling berpotensi dibandingkan kelompok lain pada waktu observasi 7 hari ...... Background: TGF-β1 plays an important role in the process of differentiation of human dental pulp stem cell (hDPSCs) into odontoblast cells and hyaluronic acid (HA) as a natural scaffold has biocompatible properties and plays a role in the formation of dental hard tissue. Objective: To determine various concentrations potential of HA (10 mg/mL, 20 mg/mL, 30 mg/mL) as hDPSCs culture media (CM) towards TGF-β1 expression on 7 and 14 days observations. Methods: hDPSCs culture were obtained from those of previous research (ethical approval form attached) at P3 and P4. After 24 hours of incubation, CM was replaced with osteogenic media. hDPSCs undergo 24 hours of serum starvation and then implanted into 96 well tissue culture consisting of 5x103 cells/well. hDPSCs CM divided into three concentrations and incubated in 5% CO2 atm, 37o C. TGF-β1 expression was analyzed using an ELISA reader and qualitatively by Alizarin Red staining. Statistical analysis using One-way ANOVA and Post Hoc LSD test (SPSS IBM-26). Results: At 7 and 14 days, there is a statistically significant different potential of HA CM in various concentrations (p<0,05) towards expression of TGF-β1 hDPSCs. HA 30 mg/mL group have the highest TGF-β1 expression. Alizarin Red staining showed corellate results with more dense red nodules at HA 30 mg/mL group. Conclusion: HA have the potential to increase TGF-β1 expression hDPSCs. HA 30 mg/mL was the most potential concentration compare to other groups at 7 days observation.

Abstrak :
Latar Belakang: Penggunaan instrumen endodontik steril diperlukan untuk keberhasilan perawatan saluran akar. Desain dan bentuk instrumen endodontik menjadi tantangan dalam proses sterilisasi. Instrumen yang kini sering digunakan adalah instrumen putar NiTi, dengan salah satu desain terbaru adalah instrumen putar NiTi off-centered, yang bisa berupa variable taper maupun regressive taper. Bakteri resisten yang perlu diwaspadai dalam perawatan saluran akar adalah Enterococcus faecalis. Beberapa tahapan sterilisasi sudah pernah diajukan, namuan tidak spesifik pada instrumen putar NiTi off-centered yang terkontaminasi bakteri Enterococcus faecalis. Perlu siasat dan langkah-langkah khusus untuk mendapatkan instrumen putar NiTi off-centered yang steril dari bakteri Entercoccus faecalis. Tujuan: Membandingkan jumlah bakteri Enterococcus faecalis pada instrumen putar NiTi off-centered variable taper dan regressive taper setelah melalui dua metode sterilisasi yang berbeda. Metode: Delapan kelompok uji yang terdiri dari empat kelompok instrumen putar NiTi off-centered variable taper dan empat kelompok instrumen putar NiTi off-centered regressive taper. Masing-masing dari keempat kelompok tersebut dibagi menjadi kelompok kontrol negatif, kelompok kontrol positif, kelompok sterilisasi Parashos dan kelompok sterilisasi Linsuwanont. Selain kelompok negatif, instrumen-instrumen dari kelompok lainnya digunakan untuk mempreparasi saluran akar gigi premolar yang sudah dikontaminasi bakteri Enterococcus faecalis. Kedelapan kelompok kemudian diuji kultur menggunakan agar kromogenik untuk melihat keberadaan bakteri Enterococcus faecalis dan menghitung koloni yang terbentuk. Hasil: Pada kelompok kontrol negatif, tidak ditemukan adanya bakteri Enterococcus faecalis. Kelompok positif menunjukkan keberadaan bakteri Enterococcus faecalis dengan jumlah besar. Kelompok Parashos dan Linsuwanont menunjukkan jumlah bakteri Enterococcus faecalis yang beragam, dengan kelompok Parashos memberikan hasil jumlah bakteri yang lebih besar daripada kelompok Linsuwanont. beragam.terbanyak dan tersedikit Kesimpulan: Metode sterilisasi Linsuwanont adalah metode paling efektif untuk mensterilisasi bakteri Enterococcus faecalis pada instrumen putar NiTi off-centered regressive taper. Metode sterilisasi Parashos tidak efektif untuk mensterilisasi bakteri Enterococcus faecalis pada instrumen putar NiTi off-centered variable taper maupun regressive taper. Kata kunci: sterilisasi, intrumen putar NiTi, off-centered, Enterococcus faecalis, CFU ......Backrgound: The use of sterile endodontic instruments is necessary to achieve successful root canal treatment. The design and shape of endodontic instruments poses challenges in their sterilization process. The current most widely used endodontic instrument are NiTi rotary files, and one of the newest design results in off-centered NiTi rotary files, which can either have a variable taper or a regressive taper. Resistant bacteria that must be noticed in root canal treatment is Enterococcus faecalis. Several sterilization processes have been put forward for endodontic instruments; however, none were specific for off-centered NiTi rotary files that were contaminated by Enterococcus faecalis. Specific strategies and steps are necessary to achieve sterile off-centered NiTi rotary files that are free from Entercoccus faecalis. Aim: Compare the amount of Enterococcus faecalis on off-centered NiTi rotary files with variable taper and regressive taper after being processed using two different sterilization methods. Method: Eight test groups were established consisting of four off-centered NiTi rotary files with variable taper and four off-centered NiTi rotary files with regressive taper. Each of these four groups were divided into the following groups: negative control group, positive control group, Parashos sterilization group and lastly Linsuwanont sterilization group. Besides the negative control group, instruments from the other groups were used to perform root canal preparation of premolars that were contaminated by Enterococcus faecalis. The eight test groups were then tested for bacterial culture using chromogenic agar media to observe the presence and count the colony forming units of Enterococcus faecalis. Results: In the negative control group, no Enterococcus faecalis bacteria were found. The positive control group showed a large amount of Enterococcus faecalis present. The Parashos and Linsuwanont groups showed a variety in the amount of Enterococcus faecalis present, with the Parashos group showing a higher number of Enterococcus faecalis bacteria than the Linsuwanont group. Conclusion: The Linsuwanont sterilization method is the most effective method to sterilize Enterococcus faecalis bacteria from off-centered NiTi rotary files with regressive taper. The Parashos sterilization method was ineffective in sterilizing Enterococcus faecalis bacteria from both off-centered NiTi rotary files with variable taper and regressive taper.