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"This study aims to analyze the impact of modernization of taxation system and amendment of income tax law on the components of the book-tax conformity accruals, whether there are any differences in the earnings persistence of book-tax conformity accruals (which have higher tax conformity) and book-only accruals (which have lower tax conformity). This study also demonstrates whether the market anomalies occur on those accruals component in the context of taxation in Indonesia. By using 1.729 observations over the years of 2002-2014, this study shows that strategy in book-tax conformity accruals is generally income increasing, while strategy in book-only accruals is income decreasing. The company?s policy on accrual components has different characteristics before and after the implementation of this phase. Governance improvement of taxation authority can increase corporate book-tax conformity accruals. However, when corporate is facing changes in tax laws such as simplification and lower tax rate, they decrease book-tax conformity accruals. Therefore, discretionary book-tax conformity accruals are mispriced by market."

"This research is aimed to examine the impact of audit committee quality measured by audit committee expertise, audit committee size, and number of meeting on the quality of company financial reporting with an audit quality as a moderating variable. This research uses three measures for financial reporting quality which are persistency, predictability, and conservatism. The results of this research show that audit committee quality affects financial reporting quality. Audit committee financial literacy significantly increase persistency and predictability of earnings. Size of audit committee positively affects earnings persistency and negatively affects earnings predictability and conservatism. Number of audit committee meeting also significantly increase persistency, predictability of earnings, and conservatism. We find a mixed evidence on the moderating role of audit quality in the the relationship between audit committee quality and financial reporting quality.

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Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meneliti pengaruh kualitas komite audit yang diukur dengan keahlian komite audit, ukuran komite audit, dan jumlah rapat terhadap kualitas pelaporan keuangan perusahaan dengan kualitas audit sebagai variabel moderasi. Penelitian ini menggunakan tiga ukuran kualitas pelaporan keuangan yaitu persistensi, prediktabilitas, dan konservatisme. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kualitas komite audit berpengaruh terhadap kualitas laporan keuangan. Keahlian komite audit di bidang keuangan secara signifikan meningkatkan persistensi dan prediktabilitas dari laba. Ukuran komite audit secara signifikan berpengaruh positif terhadap persistensi dan berpengaruh negatif terhadap prediktabilitas laba dan konservatisme. Jumlah rapat anggota komite audit juga secara signifikan berpengaruh positif terhadap persistensi, prediktabilitas laba, dan konservatisme. Penelitian ini menemukan bukti yang berbaur atas efek moderasi dari kualitas audit terhadap hubungan antara kualitas komite audit dan kualitas pelaporan keuangan."

"ABSTRACT

This study aims to determine the effects of the use of financial derivatives in tax avoidance and earnings management. This study uses a cross-country analysis with the scope of ASEAN countries, consisting of Philippines, Indonesia, Malaysia and Singapore. The findings show that the level of financial derivatives usage positively affects corporate tax avoidance. We also find that the effect of financial derivatives usage level on the level of tax avoidance is higher on companies using financial derivatives for speculation purpose as compared to companies using financial derivatives for hedging purpose. In addition, the level of financial derivatives usage for speculation purpose positively affects the degree of earnings management. This study expects to provide useful information for tax authorities regarding the possibility of companies using derivative financial instruments to facilitate tax avoidance practices. Improvements in tax regulations on derivatives transactions are expected to minimize the loopholes for companies who want to use financial derivatives as a means of tax avoidance; minimize the difficulties faced by tax authorities in understanding, detecting, and enforcing law on tax avoidance involving financial derivatives; minimize the potential loss of state revenue from the tax sector; and minimize conflict or dispute between tax authorities and tax payers."

"This research aims to examine the relationship between the level of tax avoidance and the quality of earnings proxied by the accrual-based earnings management and earnings persistence. In addition, this research also aims to examine if the relationship between the level of tax avoidance and accrual-based earnings management and earnings persistence depends on the tax environment of a country. This research uses a cross-country analysis with the scope of ASEAN countries, consisting of Philippines, Indonesia, Malaysia, and Singapore. The result of this research indicates that the tax environment of a country affects the relationship between the level of tax avoidance and the accrual-based earnings management, but does not affect the relationship between the level of tax avoidance and earnings persistence."

"This study investigate the association between the level of financial derivatives use and the level of tax avoidance, and whether this association differs between the users of financial derivatives for speculation purposes and the users of financial derivative for hedging purposes. Using a cross-country analysis which covering four countries in the ASEAN region (ie: the Philippines, Indonesia, Malaysia, and Singapore), we find that there is a positive association between the level of financial derivative use and the level of tax avoidance. This finding indicates that financial derivative can be used as a tool of tax avoidance activities. When we classified the users of financial derivatives into two categories (ie, the users of financial derivative for hedging purposes and the users of financial derivatives for speculation purposes), we find that positive association between the level of financial derivative use and the level of tax avoidance is higher in the user of financial derivatives for speculation purposes rather than the user of financial derivatives for hedging purposes. This research is expected to provide suggestion for the tax authorities to determine the direction of future policy, for example, set a clear tax regulation regarding the tax treatment of financial derivatives transactions. Improvement of tax regulations on derivative transactions are expected to: (i) minimize the loophole for companies that want to use financial derivatives as a tool of tax avoidance; (ii) minimize the loss of government revenues from taxes side; and (iii) minimize the disputes between tax authorities and taxpayers."

"This study aims to examine the effect of the purpose of financial derivatives usage (both for speculative and hedging purposes) and tax environment characteristics on the relationship between the use of financial derivatives and tax avoidance. This study uses a cross-country analysis with the scope of ASEAN countries, consisting of Philippines, Indonesia, Malaysia, and Singapore. By using samples of corporate financial derivatives users, the results of this study show that the use of financial derivatives positively affects the level of tax avoidance. This study also finds that the positive effect of the level of financial derivatives on the level of tax avoidance is higher in companies using financial derivatives for speculative purposes than in companies using financial derivatives for hedging purposes. Lastly, this study also finds that the positive effect of the use of financial derivatives on the level of tax avoidance is lower in countries with a competitive tax environment than in countries with an uncompetitive tax environment. The results indicate that in countries with a competitive tax environment, the use of financial derivatives as a tool of tax avoidance can be replaced (substituted) by tax facilities that are beneficial to companies."