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Abstrak :
Latar Belakang: Penelitian mengenai petanda inflamasi akut terkait pajanan uap las pada pekerja las sudah banyak dilakukan. Akan tetapi, tidak semua penelitian tersebut sepakat terjadi perbedaan jumlah petanda inflamasi akut sesudah terpajan uap las. Penelitian ini ingin mengetahui apakah terjadi perbedaan jumlah petanda inflamasi akut akibat pajanan uap las dengan sel netrofil mukosa hidung sebagai petanda inflamasinya. Metode:Pada penelitian longitudinal ini, 110 pekerja di sebuah perusahaan pembuat knalpot diperiksa jumlah sel netrofil mukosa hidungnya sebelum dan sesudah terpajan uap las serta diukur kadar logam Kromium, Besi, Mangan, dan Aluminium dalam darah pada 40 pekerja diantaranya. Dilakukan pengukuran kadar logam Cr, Fe, Mn, dan Al di lingkungan kerja untuk menilai kadar pajanan. Hasil:Pengukuran lingkungan menunjukkan kadar Kromium, Besi, Mangan, dan Aluminium udara berada di bawah Nilai Ambang Batas. Sel netrofil sediaan apus sebelum dan sesudah terpajan uap las 8 jam sama – sama berjumlah 2 sel/10 lpk (p = 0,233). Pada penelitian ini juga ditemukan kadar dalam darah logam Cr sebesar 1,03 µg/l; logam Fe sebesar 283.787,73 µg/l; logam Mn sebesar 14,96 µg/l; dan logam Al sebesar 25,68 µg/l. Kesimpulan:Tidak ditemukan perbedaan jumlah sel netrofil mukosa hidung yang bermakna secara statistik akibat pajanan uap las. ......Background and Objective: Many studies about acute inflammation marker regarding metal fume exposure have been conducted but not all agree that metal fume exposure will raise acute inflammation response. One of the acute inflammation markers is nasal mucous neutrophil and this study was conducted to investigate the difference of neutrophil count after being exposed to metal fume as acute inflammation response. Methods: This study used a longitudinal design with 110 welders as subjects. Nasal mucous neutrophil data was collected before and after 8 hours metal fume exposure. Metal fume (i.e. Chromium, Iron, Manganese, and Aluminum) exposure in the work place was measured with AAS while blood metal level in 40 subjects among them was with ICP-MS. Results: Chromium, Iron, Manganese, and Aluminum fume level in the work place was under Threshold Limit Value while Chromium, Iron, Manganese, and Aluminum blood level was 1,03 µg/l; 283.787,73 µg/l; 14,96 µg/l; and 25,68 µg/l respectively.Neutrophil count before and after 8 hours metal fume exposure didn’t show any difference with statistically significance (p = 0,233) Conclusions: There was no statistical significant increase of nasal mucous neutrophil regarding metal fume exposure

Abstrak :
Benzene merupakan bahan yang bersifat karsinogenik bagi manusia. Crude Oil dan produk-produknya merupakan sumber pajanan benzene yang cukup besar sehingga pekerja di kilang pengolahan minyak dan instalasi BBM memiliki risiko tinggi terpajan benzene. Pajanan benzene dapat diketahui melalui pengukuran metabolit benzene. S-phenylmercapturic acid (S-PMA) merupakan metabolit benzene yang spesifik sebagai biomarker monitoring pekerja yang terpajan benzene. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbedaan kadar S-PMA dalam urin antara pekerja Kilang dan Instalasi BBM serta faktor lain yang berhubungan. Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian cross sectional comparative yang membandingkan kadar S-PMA urin endshift antara responden kilang dan instalasi BBM. S-PMA diekstraksi dari urin dan dianalisis menggunakan Liquid Chromatography (LC). Sampel dipilih secara stratified proportional random sampling. Hasil: Jumlah sampel sebanyak 50 orang untuk masing-masing lokasi. Kadar SPMA urin pekerja Kilang berada pada rentang 2,82-489,12 ug/g kreatinin dengan nilai tengah 29,41 ug/g kreatinin, sedangkan di Instalasi BBM berada pada rentang 0,45-58,47 ug/g kreatinin dengan nilai tengah 3,10 ug/g kreatinin. Kadar S-PMA secara signifikan berhubungan dengan lama kerja per hari, jenis pekerjaan (ORc=2,72; CI95% 1,175-6,318), lokasi kerja (ORAd=10,59; CI95% 3,481-32,207), dan sumber pajanan benzene lain diluar pekerjaan (ORAd=3,02; CI95% 1,103-8,253) sedangkan status gizi, merokok dan penggunaan APD masker tidak ada hubungan dengan kadar S-PMA urin. Kesimpulan: Terdapat perbedaan kadar S-PMA antara pekerja Kilang dengan Instalasi BBM. Pekerja Kilang memiliki risiko sepuluh kali lebih tinggi mendapatkan kadar S-PMA urin diatas nilai BEI (Biological Exposure Index) dibanding pekerja di Instalasi BBM. 62% responden di kilang dan 12% responden di instalasi BBM memiliki kadar S-PMA urin diatas nilai BEI.

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Benzene is a substance that is carcinogenic to humans. Crude Oil and its products are a source of benzene exposure is large enough so that workers at oil refineries and fuel installations have a high risk of exposure to benzene. Exposure to benzene can be determined by measuring benzene metabolites. Sphenylmercapturic acid (S-PMA) is a specific metabolite of benzene as a biomarker monitoring of workers exposed to benzene. This study aims to determine the differences in the levels of S-PMA in urine refinery and fuel instalations respondents and factors associated with higher levels of S-PMA. Method : This study was a cross-sectional comparative study that compared the levels of S-PMA urine endshift between respondents refineries and fuel installations. Sphenylmercapturic acid (S-PMA) extracted from urine and analyzed using Liquid Chromatography (LC). Samples selected by stratified proportional random sampling. Result : The total sample of 50 for each location. Levels of S-PMA refinery respondents were in the range 2.82 to 489.12 ug / g creatinine with a median value 29.41 ug / g creatinine, whereas in the installation of the fuel is in the range from 0.45 to 58.47 ug / g creatinine with a median value of 3.10 ug / g creatinine. Levels of S-PMA was significantly related to length of exposure per day, type of work (ORc=2,72 ;CI95% 1,175-6,318), location of work (ORAd=10,59; CI95% 3,481-32,207) and other sources of exposure outside of work (ORAd=3,02; CI95% 1,103-8,253) while nutritional status, smoking and the use of PPE mask no association with levels of S-PMA urine. Conclusion : There are differences between the levels of S-PMA with the installation of fuel refinery workers. Refinery workers have ten times higher risk of getting urinary levels of S-PMA on the value of BEI (Biological Exposure Index) compared to workers in the fuel installation. 62% of respondents in the refinery and 12% of respondents in the installation of the fuel had higher levels of urinary S-PMA above the BEI value.

Abstrak :
ABSTRAK Latar belakang: Pekerja di perusahaan alat berat terutama bagian pengelasan dapat terpajan berbagai macam logam berbahaya yang terdapat pada plat yang digunakan. Salah satu logam yang dapat menyebabkan kerusakan sel bahkan dapat menyebabkan kanker adalah kromium. Hati merupakan salah satu target organ dan sering mengalami kerusakan akibat logam ini. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mencari hubungan kadar kromium di dalam eritrosit dengan status fungsi hati pekerja. Metode: Penelitian potong lintang komparasi dilakukan terhadap pekerja yang terpajan dengan pekerja yang tidak terpajan. Data yang digunakan berdasarkan hasil pengukuran fisik, hasil pengukuran kromium eritrosit dan Serum Glutamic Pyruvic Transaminase (SGPT), serta hasil kuisioner. Hasil: Dari 50 pekerja yang terbagi menjadi 25 orang terpajan dan 25 orang tidak terpajan, terdapat hubungan bermakna secara statistik antara kadar kromium eritrosit dengan masa kerja (p=0,044). Tidak terdapat hubungan bermakna secara statistik antara kadar kromium di dalam eritrosit dengan SGPT (p=0,814). Kesimpulan: tidak terdapat hubungan bermakna secara statistik mengenai hubungan kadar kromium dengan kadar SGPT. Namun hasil rerata kadar kromium pekerja tidak terpajan lebih tinggi daripada populasi normal lainnya.

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ABSTRACT Background: worker in heavy equipment manufacturer especially can be exposed to a various kinds of harmful metals contained in the plate. One of metal that can cause cell damage or even cancer which are often used in workplace is chromium. Liver is one of targeted organ could be damaged due to this metal. The purpose of this study is to correlate between chromium level in erythrocytes and welder?s liver function status. Methods: A Cross Sectional Comparative study was conducted to workers who were exposed and unexposed. The data used is based on worker?s physical measurement result, chromium level erythrocytes and Serum Glutamic Pyruvic Transaminase (SGPT) results, and also questionnaire. Results: From 50 workers which are consisted of 25 exposed workers and 25 unexposed workers, there is statistically significant correlation between chromium erythrocytes level and duration of employment (p=0,044). There is no statistically significant correlation between chromium level in erythrocytes and SGPT (p=0.814). Conclusion: There is no statistically significant correlation between erythrocytes chromium level and SGPT level. But the average result of erythrocytes chromium level of the unexposed workers were higher compare to other normally unexposed workers.