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"Latar Belakang: Hipersensitivitas obat anti tuberkulosis (OAT) dapat mempengaruhi pilihan pengobatan pasien selanjutnya dan mempengaruhi keberhasilan pengobatan tuberkulosis (TB). Uji provokasi obat diharapkan dapat memandu pengobatan TB pada pasien dengan riwayat hipersensitivitas OAT. Tujuan: Penelitian dilakukan untuk mengetahui proporsi hipersensitivitas masing-masing OAT lini pertama melalui uji provokasi obat, mengetahui karakteristik pasien yang mengalami hipersensitivitas OAT lini pertama, dan mengetahui keberhasilan pengobatan TB terpandu uji provokasi obat pada pasien dengan riwayat hipersensitivitas OATMetode: Penelitian ini merupakan studi kohort retrospektif melibatkan 92 pasien TB dengan riwayat hipersensitivitas OAT yang menjalani uji provokasi obat dan 1.998 pasien TB tanpa riwayat hipersensitivitas OAT. Cara pengambilan sampel dilakukan secara total sampling untuk kedua kelompok. Pasien yang menjalani uji provokasi dicatat untuk jenis OAT lini pertama yang menunjukkan hasil positif hipersensitivitas. Pasien dengan riwayat hipersensitivitas OAT dicatat karakteristik usia, jenis kelamin, jenis TB paru/ekstra paru, status HIV, status nutrisi, riwayat alergi obat lainnya, komorbid autoimun dan komorbid diabetes berdasarkan data rekam medis. Seluruh pasien dilakukan pengamatan sampai selesai pengobatan TB kemudian dikelompokkan menjadi keberhasilan atau kegagalan pengobatan berdasarkan data rekam medis.Hasil: Proporsi hipersensitivitas OAT lini pertama melalui uji provokasi obat sebagai berikut rifampisin 39,6%, INH 24,7%, pirazinamid 40,8%, etambutol 30,4%. Pada kelompok hipersensitivitas ditemukan proporsi subjek yang lebih tinggi dibanding kelompok tanpa hipersensitivitas untuk jenis TB ekstra paru, overweight (IMT 23,0), dan status HIV positif. Pada kelompok hipersensitivitas ditemukan 10,9% subjek dengan komorbid penyakit autoimun dan 9,8% subjek memiliki riwayat hipersensitivitas terhadap obat selain OAT. Didapatkan penurunan keberhasilan pengobatan TB terpandu uji provokasi obat pada pasien dengan riwayat hipersensitivitas OAT dibandingkan pasien tanpa riwayat hipersensitivitas OAT, namun tidak bermakna secara statistik (p=0,840).Simpulan: Tidak terdapat penurunan yang bermakna dari keberhasilan pengobatan TB terpandu uji provokasi obat pada pasien dengan riwayat hipersensitivitas OAT dibandingkan pasien tanpa riwayat hipersensitivitas OAT.

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Background: Hypersensitivity to anti-tuberculosis drugs (ATD) can affect the patient's subsequent treatment options and affecting the success of tuberculosis (TB) treatment. Drug provocation test is expected to guide TB treatment in patients with a history of ATD hypersensitivity.

Objective: This study was conducted to determine the proportion of hypersensitivity of each first-line ATD through drug provocation test, to determine the characteristics of patients who experience hypersensitivity to first-line ATD, and to determine the success of TB treatment guided by drug provocation test in patients with a history of ATD hypersensitivity.

Methods: This study is a retrospective cohort study involving 92 TB patients with a history of ATD hypersensitivity who underwent drug provocation testing and 1,998 TB patients without a history of ATD hypersensitivity. The sampling method was carried out by total sampling for both groups. Patients who underwent provocation testing were noted for the first-line type of ATD that showed a positive result of hypersensitivity. Patients with a history of ATD hypersensitivity were recorded for age, gender, type of pulmonary/extrapulmonary TB, HIV status, nutritional status, history of other drug allergies, autoimmune comorbidities and diabetes comorbidities based on medical record data. All patients were observed until completion of TB treatment and then grouped into treatment success or failure based on medical record data.

Results: The proportion of hypersensitivity to first-line ATD through drug provocation tests as follows: rifampin 39.6%, INH 24.7%, pyrazinamide 40.8%, ethambutol 30.4%. In the hypersensitivity group, a higher proportion of subjects was found than the group without hypersensitivity for the type of extrapulmonary TB, overweight (BMI 23.0), and HIV positive status. In the hypersensitivity group, 10.9% of subjects had comorbid autoimmune diseases and 9.8% of subjects had a history of hypersensitivity to drugs other than ATD. There was a decrease in the success of drug provocation-guided TB treatment in patients with a history of ATD hypersensitivity compared to patients without a history of ATD hypersensitivity, but not statistically significant (p=0.840).

Conclusions: There was no significant decrease in the success of drug provocation-guided TB treatment in patients with a history of ATD hypersensitivity compared to patients without a history of ATD hypersensitivity."

"Latar Belakang: Mikofenolat adalah salah satu imunosupresan yang efektif pada berbagai manifestasi LES. Penggunaan jangka panjang dihubungkan dengan teratogenisitas, risiko infeksi, dan biaya yang besar. Strategi "think-to-untreat" adalah strategi potensial untuk mengurangi beban imunosupresan jangka panjang pada pasien LES remisi, namun dihadapkan pada risiko eksaserbasi. Penelitian terkait risiko eksaserbasi dan faktor prediktornya pada penurunan dosis imunosupresan masih sangat terbatas. Tujuan: Mengetahui dampak penurunan dosis mikofenolat pada pasien LES yang telah mencapai remisi. Metode: Data diambil dari rekam medis Rumah Sakit Umum Nasional Cipto Mangunkusumo periode Januari 2021-Desember 2024. Desain penelitian kohort retrospektif. Pemilihan subjek dengan consecutive sampling. Kriteria inklusi: usia ≥18 tahun, diagnosis LES sesuai klasifikasi EULAR 2019, remisi sesuai kriteria DORIS 2021, mendapatkan terapi mikofenolat hingga tercapai remisi yang kemudian dosisnya diturunkan, kontrol >1 kali dalam 12 bulan pemantauan. Kriteria eksklusi: memiliki kondisi autoimun selain LES, mendapat mikofenolat untuk indikasi selain LES, dalam terapi imunosupresan lain selain mikofenolat, mengalami infeksi berat saat pengamatan, tidak memiliki data yang lengkap. Analisis kesintasan menggunakan kurva Kaplan Meier dan log-rank test. Faktor prediktor dievaluasi melalui analisis bivariat dan multivariat dengan metode regresi Cox. Hasil: Kesintasan bebas eksaserbasi 1 tahun pasca penurunan dosis mikofenolat pada LES remisi adalah 60,5%, dengan mean survival time 9,9 bulan. Berdasarkan analisis multivariat, anti-dsDNA yang tinggi saat remisi dan durasi remisi <6 bulan meningkatkan risiko ekaserbasi dengan HR 1,998 dan 1,985. Usia saat terdiagnosis, riwayat nefritis, riwayat neuropsikiatrik, kadar komplemen rendah, dan penurunan dosis steroid tidak terbukti sebagai faktor prediktor eksaserbasi. Simpulan: Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan penurunan dosis mikofenolat dapat dilakukan pada LES remisi, namun diperlukan stratifikasi risiko. Pasien dengan kadar anti-dsDNA yang tinggi saat remisi memerlukan pemantauan lebih ketat. Durasi remisi perlu dipertimbangkan sebelum memutuskan untuk menurunkan dosis mikofenolat

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Background: Mycophenolate is one of the effective immunosuppressants for various SLE manifestations. Long-term use is associated with teratogenicity, infection risk, and high costs. The "think-to-untreat" strategy is a potential approach to reduce the long-term immunosuppressant burden in SLE patients in remission, but faces the risk of flare. Research regarding flare risks and their predictive factors during immunosuppressant dose reduction remains very limited. Objective: To determine the impact of mycophenolate dose reduction in SLE patients who have achieved remission. Methods: Data was collected from medical records at Cipto Mangunkusumo National General Hospital from January 2021 to December 2024. This was a retrospective cohort study. Subjects were selected using consecutive sampling. Inclusion criteria: age ≥18 years, SLE diagnosis according to EULAR 2019 classification, remission according to DORIS 2021 criteria, received mycophenolate therapy until remission was achieved followed by dose reduction, >1 follow-up visit during 12 months of monitoring. Exclusion criteria: having autoimmune conditions other than SLE, receiving mycophenolate for non-SLE indications, on other immunosuppressant therapy besides mycophenolate, experiencing severe infection during observation, incomplete data. Survival analysis used Kaplan Meier curves and log-rank test. Predictive factors were evaluated through bivariate and multivariate analysis using Cox regression. Results: One-year exacerbation-free survival after mycophenolate dose reduction in SLE remission was 60.5%, with a mean survival time of 9.9 months. Based on multivariate analysis, high anti-dsDNA during remission and remission duration <6 months increased exacerbation risk with HR 1,998 and 1.985. Age at diagnosis, history of nephritis, neuropsychiatric history, low complement levels, and steroid dose reduction were not proven to be predictive factors for exacerbation. Conclusion: This study shows that mycophenolate dose reduction can be performed in SLE remission, but risk stratification is needed. Patients with high anti-dsDNA levels during remission require closer monitoring. Remission duration needs to be considered before deciding to reduce mycophenolate dose."