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"Penelitian ini membahas pengaruh kadar vitamin D dan kalsium terhadap panjang dan berat lahir bayi. Jenis penelitian cross sectional melibatkan 144 ibu hamil trimester 3 dan bayi yang dilahirkan. Pemeriksaan vitamin D menggunakan biomarker 25(OH)D dan kalsium menggunakan kalsium total dari serum darah tali pusat. Pengukuran panjang dan berat lahir dilakukan terstandar segera setelah lahir dengan alat merk Seca tipe 231/231. Analisis menggunakan uji korelasi, t test, ANOVA dan analisis regresi linier ganda untuk melihat pengaruh status vitamin D dan kalsium terhadap panjang dan berat lahir dengan memperhatikan variabel pengganggu (umur, paritas, tinggi badan ibu dan ayah, kesesuaian penambahan berat badan ibu selama hamil sesuai IMT pra hamil, status anemia, aktifitas fisik, kecukupan gizi ibu dan merokok).Hasil yang diperoleh: rata-rata panjang dan berat lahir adalah normal 48.7 cm dan 3090.4 gram, panjang lahir pendek 31.2 % dan BBLR 8.3%. Rata-rata kadar serum 25(OH)D adalah 27.6 ng/dL, status vitamin D kurang mencapai 62,5%. Rata-rata kadar kalsium 10 ng/mL dan hipokalsemia 24.3%. Kadar vitamin D dan kalsium berpengaruh bermakna terhadap panjang lahir setelah dikontrol tinggi badan ibu, kadar haemoglobin dan kecukupan asupan energi ibu. Setiap peningkatan 10 ng/dL kadar vitamin D akan menambah panjang lahir sebesar 0,4 cm dan setiap kenaikan 10 ng/mL kadar kalsium akan menambah 2,22 cm. Kadar vitamin D dan kalsium berpengaruh bermakna terhadap berat lahir setelah dikontrol tinggi badan ibu, kadar haemoglobin, kecukupan asupan energi ibu dan kesesuaian penambahan berat badan ibu selama hamil. Setiap peningkatan 10 ng/dL kadar vitamin D akan menambah 100,9 gram berat lahir dan setiap peningkatan 10 ng/mL kadar kalsium akan menambah 448 gram berat lahir bayi. Hasil penelitian menyarankan ibu hamil perlu meningkatkan asupan vitamin D dan kalsium termasuk zat gizi lain sesuai standar kecukupan gizi ibu hamil dan mendorong agar kulit mendapatkan paparan sinar matahari.

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This study discusses the effect of vitamin D and calcium levels on the length and birth

weight of babies. This type of cross sectional study involved 144 third trimester pregnant women and babies born. Vitamin D examination using biomarkers of 25(OH)D and calcium using total calcium from cord blood serum. Measurements of length and birth weight are standardized immediately after birth with the Seca brand type 231/231. Analysis using correlation test, t test, ANOVA and linear regression analysis to see the effect of vitamin D and calcium status on length and birth weight by considering confounding variables (age, parity, maternal and paternal height, suitability of maternal weight gain during pregnancy according to BMI pre pregnancy, anemia status, physical activity, nutritional adequacy of mother and family smoking).

Results obtained: the average length and birth weight were normal 48.7 cm and 3090.4 grams, short birth length 31.2% and LBW 8.3%. The average serum level of 25(OH)D is 27.6 ng/dL, vitamin D status is less than 62.5%. The average calcium content is 10 ng /mL and 24.3% hypocalcemia. Vitamin D and calcium levels had a significant effect on birth length after control of maternal height, hemoglobin level and adequacy of maternal energy intake. Every 10 ng/dL increase in vitamin D levels will increase the birth length by 0.4 cm and every 10 ng/mL increase in calcium levels will add 2.22 cm. Vitamin D and calcium levels had a significant effect on birth weight after control of maternal height, hemoglobin level, adequacy of maternal energy intake and suitability of maternal weight gain during pregnancy. Every 10 ng/dL increase in vitamin D levels will add 100.9 grams of birth weight and each 10 ng/mL increase in calcium levels will add 448 grams of baby's birth weight. The results suggest that pregnant women need to increase their intake of vitamin D and calcium, including other nutrients according to the nutritional adequacy standards of pregnant women and encourage the skin to get sun exposure."

"Peptida bioaktif merupakan substansi yang dihasilkan dari proses hidrolisis protein yang dan memiliki beragam aktivitas biologis. Salah satu sumber protein yang potensial menghasilkan peptida bioaktif dan belum banyak dieksplorasi adalah biji melon (Cucumis melo L.). Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu untuk menganalisis aktivitas antioksidan, antihiperkolesterolemik dan antikanker hidrolisat protein dan fraksi peptida biji melon serta mengidentifikasi sekuen asam amino penyusun peptida. Protein dari biji melon diisolasi dengan metode ekstraksi alkali-presipitasi isoelektrik. Selanjutnya proses hidrolisis protein dilakukan secara enzimatis menggunakan 3 enzim yang berbeda yaitu tripsin, termolisin dan pepsin. Setiap hidrolisat yang diperoleh kemudian diseparasi dengan membran weight cut off (MWCO) 10 kDa dan 30 kDa sehingga didapatkan fraksi-fraksinya. Hidrolisat protein biji melon diuji aktivitas antioksidan dengan metode ABTS, DPPH dan aktivitas kelat logam Fe2+. Pengujian aktivitas antihiperkolesterolemik melalui penghambatan HMG CoA reduktase (HMGCR) dan pengikatan asam empedu. Fraksi peptida yang menunjukkan aktivitas antioksidan terbaik diuji aktivitas anti-hiperkolesterolemik dan potensi antikanker melalui pengujian sitotoksik MTT terhadap sel line MCF-7. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa hidrolisat protein biji melon memiliki aktivitas antioksidan dan antihiperkolesterolemik. Secara umum hidrolisat termolisin menghasilkan bioaktivitas yang lebih baik dibandingkan tripsin dan pepsin. Hasil pengujian fraksi-fraksi diperoleh fraksi <10 kDa memiliki aktivitas antioksidan terbaik dibandingkan fraksi 10-30 kDa dan fraksi >30 kDa. Fraksi <10 kDa juga menghasilkan efek antihiperkolesterolemik dan mampu menghambat viabilitas sel line MCF7. Berdasarkan hasil identifikasi, peptida dari fraksi <10 kDa tersusun atas 4-7 asam amino dengan sekuen yang bervariasi dan berat molekul <1000 Da. Hasil studi in silico menunjukkan interaksi peptida dengan molekul target cenderung stabil, dengan tipe interaksi berupa interaksi hidrofobik, elektrostatik dan ikatan hidrogen.

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Bioactive peptides are substances produced through protein hydrolysis and exhibit various biological activities. One protein source that has not been widely explored for bioactive peptide is melon seeds (Cucumis melo L.). This study aimed to evaluate the antioxidant, antihypercholesterolemic, and anticancer activities of protein hydrolysates and peptide fractions derived from melon seeds, and to identify the amino acid sequences of the peptides. Melon seed protein was isolated using the alkali-isoelectric precipitation extraction method. The protein was then enzymatically hydrolyzed using three types of enzymes: trypsin, thermolysin, and pepsin. Each hydrolysate was then separated using membranes with 10 kDa and 30 kDa molecular weight cut-offs (MWCO) to obtain its fractions. The antioxidant activity of the melon seed protein hydrolysates was assessed using the ABTS, DPPH, and Fe2+ metal chelating methods. Antihypercholesterolemic activity was evaluated by inhibiting the HMG-CoA reductase (HMGCR) and through bile acid binding assays. Fractions with the highest antioxidant activity were further evaluated for antihypercholesterolemic and anticancer potential using MTT assays on MCF-7 cell lines. Results indicated that the melon seed protein hydrolysate exhibited both antioxidant and antihypercholesterolemic activities. Among the hydrolysates, thermolysin generally showed superior bioactivity compared to trypsin and pepsin. The fraction with a molecular weight of less than 10 kDa demonstrated the strongest antioxidant activity compared to the 10-30 kDa and >30 kDa fractions. This fraction also had antihypercholesterolemic effects and effectively inhibited MCF7 cell viability. Identification revealed that this fraction contained peptides with 4 to 7 amino acids, with molecular weights below 1000 Da. In silico studies confirmed that these peptides interacted stably with target molecules through hydrophobic, electrostatic, and hydrogen bonding interactions."