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Hasil Pencarian

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Made Widya Utami
"Latar Belakang: Menopause adalah suatu proses fisiologis yang biasanya terjadi pada dekade ke-5 pada kehidupan perempuan dan menyebabkan berhentinya masa menstruasi secara permanen. Paskamenopause akan datang segera setelah menopause. Sejalan dengan bertambahnya usia, proses penuaan pada perempuan paskamenopause disertai dengan proses degenerasi, antara lain kemunduran metabolisme dan penurunan produksi hormon yang akan berdampak bukan hanya pada kesehatan fisik dan psikis tetapi juga terhadap kesehatan rongga mulut. Pada saat memasuki masa paskamenopause, perempuan akan mengalami beberapa pengalaman yang berhubungan dengan rongga mulut, seperti osteoporosis, kehilangan gigi geligi, dan akumulasi plak gigi. Plak gigi merupakan salah satu faktor yang dapat mempengaruhi kesehatan rongga mulut. Plak gigi tidak dapat dihilangkan hanya dengan berkumur.
Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh paskamenopause terhadap tingkat akumulasi plak gigi dan tingkat kesehatan gigi dan mulut.
Metode: 93 subjek perempuan paskamenopause yang bersedia diwawancara dan mengikuti pemeriksaan klinis, ikut serta dalam penelitian cross-sectional yang dilakukan pada bulan oktober 2008. Pertanyaan yang diberikan pada saat wawancara antara lain mengenai jangka waktu semenjak menstruasi terakhir, kesehatan umum, kebersihan gigi dan mulut dan pemanfaatan pelayanan kesehatan gigi dan mulut. Pemeriksaan klinis dilakukan untuk menilai tingkat akumulasi plak gigi dengan menggunakan Indeks Plak Silness and Löe dan tingkat kebersihan gigi dan mulut dengan menggunakan OHI-S dan DMFT. Data hasil penelitian dievaluasi dengan menggunakan pengukuran statistik Chi- Square (p<0,05).
Hasil: Usia rata-rata dari perempuan paskamenopause adalah 61.30 years (SD ± 7.27, antara 46-82). Terdapat perbedaan bermakna antara lama menopause dengan tingkat akumulasi plak gigi dan tingkat kebersihan gigi dan mulut. (p<0.05). Tingkat akumulasi plak gigi rata-rata adalah 1.27 (SD ± 0.55). DMFT dan OHI-S rata-rata pada perempuan paskamenopause adalah 13.10 (SD ± 7.74) and 2.71 (SD ± 1.17).
Kesimpulan: Tingkat akumulasi plak gigi dan tingkat kebersihan gigi dan mulut yang sedang serta DMFT yang sangat tinggi, maka sangat diperlukan peningkatan kesadaran tentang kesehatan gigi dan mulut pada perempuan paskamenopause.

Background: Menopause is a physiological process which typically occurs in the fifth decade of life in women and involves permanent cessation of menstruation. Once the event of menopause has occurred, a woman is said to be in postmenopause. Increasing age on postmenopausal women has been associated with the degeneration process, such as deterioration of metabolism and the decreased of hormones production that can impacts not only physical and psychology health but also influences oral health. In the postmenopausal era, women appear to experience an increase in a number of oral symptoms, such as osteoporosis, loss of teeth, and dental plaque accumulations. Dental Plaque is one of influenced factors the oral health. Dental plaque cannot be removed only with gargling.
Objective: This study was perfomed to evaluate the effect of postmenopause on dental plaque accumulations status and oral hygiene status.
Material and Methods: A total of 93 postmenopausal women participated in a cross-sectional study on October 2008 who were willing and eligible to have an interview and clinical examinations. Questions in the interview concerned the period of time since study subjects had their last menstrual period, general health, oral hygiene and utilisation of dental health services. Clinical examinations were scored dental plaque accumulations status using Plaque Index Silness and Löe and oral hygiene status were determined with Simplified Oral Hygiene Index (OHI-S) and Decay, Missing, and Filled Teeth (DMFT). The chi-square test was used to evaluate the data (p<0,05).
Results: The mean age of the postmenopausal women was 61.30 years (SD ± 7.27, range 46-82). Strong correlations were found between period of time since study subjects had their last menstrual period with dental plaque accumulations status and oral hygiene status (P<0.05). The average of dental plaque accumulations scores was 1.27 (SD ± 0.55). DMFT and OHI-S scores of postmenopausal women were 13.10 (SD ± 7.74) and 2.71 (SD ± 1.17).
Conclusion: A moderate level of dental plaque accumulation status and oral hygiene status combined with a high level of DMFT, it seems to be a substantial need for increased awareness of oral health on postmenopausal women."
Depok: Universitas Indonesia, 2008
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UI - Skripsi Open  Universitas Indonesia Library
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Titus Dermawan
"Latar Belakang: Mastikasi terdiri dari proses penghancuran dan pencampuran makanan menjadi bolus yang siap ditelan. Kemampuan mastikasi dapat dievaluasi secara subjetif dan objektif. Evaluasi kemampuan mastikasi secara objektif dapat dilakukan dengan banyak metode, antara lain dengan color-changeable chewing gum dan gummy jelly. Color-changeable chewing gum dapat mengukur kemampuan mastikasi dalam pencampuran makanan. Gummy jelly dapat mengukur kemampuan mastikasi dalam penghancuran makanan. Color-changeable chewing gum dikatakan cocok mengukur kemampuan mastikasi pada semua golongan pasien, sedangkan gummy jelly dikatakan kurang cocok digunakan pada kelompok pasien dengan kemampuan mastikasi yang terkompromis. Penelitian lain mengatakan terdapat korelasi antara pengukuran kemampuan mastikasi dengan kedua bahan tersebut. Kemampuan mastikasi dapat dipengaruhi oleh faktor usia, jenis kelamin, indeks, massa tubuh, laju alir saliva, pH saliva, waktu pengunyahan , dan ambang batas penelanan.
Tujuan: Menganalisis perbandingan kemampuan mastikasi pada pemakai gigi tiruan lengkap dan pasien bergigi lengkap dengan menggunakan color-changeable chewing gum dan gummy jelly serta faktor yang mempengaruhinya.
Metode: Subjek penelitian 40 pasien pemakai gigi tiruan lengkap dan 40 pasien bergigi lengkap, dilakukan pengukuran kemampuan mastikasi dengan color-changeable chewing gum sebanyak 30,45, dan 60 stroke pengunyahan, pengukuran menggunakan gummy jelly sebanyak 10,20, 30 stroke, dan ambang batas penelanan, dan pemeriksaan faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhinya.
Hasil: Kemampuan mastikasi pasien bergigi lengkap lebih tinggi dari pasien pemakai gigi tiruan lengkap (p<0,05) pada pengukuran menggunakan color-changeable chewing gum dan gummy jelly. Terdapat korelasi antara pengukuran kemampuan mastikasi menggunakan kedua bahan tersebut. Tidak terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara kemampuan mastikasi dengan faktor usia, jenis kelamin, indeks massa tubuh, laju alir saliva, pH saliva, waktu pengunyahan, dan ambang batas penelanan.
Kesimpulan: Kemampuan mastikasi pasien pemakai gigi tiruan lengkap lebih rendah dari pasien bergigi lengkap. Terdapat korelasi pengukuran kemampuan mastikasi menggunakan color changeable chewing gum dan gummy jelly.

Background: Mastication consists of comminuting and mixing food into a bolus and finally swallowed. Masticatory performance can be measures either subjectively or objectively.Various objective methods for evaluating masticatory function were introduced. Among them are using gummy jelly and color-changeable chewing gum. Color-changeable chewing gum can measure mastication ability in mixing food, while gummy jelly can measure ability in comminuting food. Mixing ability test using color changeable chewing gum was said to be suitable in all variations of dental status, while comminuting ability test was less suitable in group with compromised masticatory performance. In other research, the result showing correlation between both tests. Masticatory performance can be affected by factors such as age, gender, body mass index, salivary flow rate, saliva pH, chewing time, and swallowing threshold.
Objective: The aim of our study was to analyze masticatory performance as measured with gummy jelly and color-changeable chewing gum between complete denture wearers and dentate patients, and to analyze the correlation between masticatory performance with other factors such as age, gender, bodymass index, salivary flow rate, saliva pH, chewing time,and swallowing threshold.
Methods: 40 complete denture wearers and 40 fully dentate subject participated in this study. Two test food were used to evaluate masticatory performance: gummy jelly and color-changeable chewing gum. Subject was instructed to chew on the color-changeable chewing gum in 30, 45, and 60 strokes, and to chew gummy jelly in 10, 20, and 30 strokes. We also measure subjects swallowing threshold with gummy jelly.
Results: There was significant differences (p<0,05) between masticatory performance as measured with gummy jelly and color-changeable chewing gum in dentate subjects and complete denture wearers, which the first group had a better result. There was correlation between the measurement using both test foods. There was no correlation between masticatory performance with other factors such as age, gender, body mass index, salivary flow rate, saliva pH, chewing time, and swallowing threshold.
Conclusion: Masticatory performance in complete denture wearers is inferior compared to natural dentition subjects. There is correlation between masticatory performance measurement using gummy jelly and color-changeable chewing gum.
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Jakarta: Fakultas Kedokteran Gigi Universitas Indonesia, 2018
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UI - Tesis Membership  Universitas Indonesia Library