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Abstrak :
ABSTRAK
Skripsi ini merupakan penelitian cross sectional yang bertujuan membentuk model prediksi VO2max untuk anak usia 10-11 tahun. Pada penelitian ini juga dilihat hubungan antara jenis kelamin, status gizi, asupan gizi, dan aktivitas fisik dengan nilai estimasi VO2max. Penelitian dilakukan dengan tes berjalan 1 mil yang melibatkan 111 siswa kelas 4 dan 5 di SDN 1 Tersobo, SDN 2 Tersobo dan SDN 3 Tersobo. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan rata-rata nilai VO2max pada perempuan (39,77 ml/kg/menit) lebih rendah dibandingkan laki-laki (50,67 ml/kg/menit). Variabel yang memiliki hubungan bermakna dengan VO2max pada penelitian ini adalah jenis kelamin, status gizi (IMT/U dan TB/U), asupan kalsium, aktivitas fisik, denyut nadi, dan waktu tempuh tes. Hasil analisis multiregresi menunjukkan variabel yang dominan adalah jenis kelamin, denyut nadi dan waktu tempuh dengan persamaan model prediksi VO2max = 123,49 + (6,10 x jenis kelamin) - (0,17 x denyut nadi) - (3,11 x waktu tempuh tes). Status gizi yang baik, asupan kalsium yang cukup dan aktivitas fisik secara teratur diperlukan untuk mencapai nilai VO2max yang baik.

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ABSTRACT
The primary purpose of this cross sectional study was to develop VO2max prediction model for the 10-11 years children. This study also examined the correlation of sex, nutritional status, nutritional intake, and physical activity with VO2max. The sample was 111 (male = 48; female = 63 girls) elementary students from SDN 1 Tersobo, SDN 2 Tersobo, and SDN 3 Tersobo. VO2max was measured by one mile walk test. The mean value of VO2max was higher in male students than female students (male = 50,67 ml/kg/minute; female = 39,77 ml/kg/menit). By bivariat analysis, sex, nutritional status (BMI/U and height/U), calcium consumption, and physcial activity was significanly related to VO2max. Multiple regression analysis to estimate VO2max from one mile walk test was this following model : VO2max = 123,49 + (6,10 x sex) - (0,17 x heart rate) - (3,11 x walk time). Good nutritional status, adequate intake of calcium and increase physical acivity are required to improve VO2max.

Abstrak :
ABSTRAK
Penelitian ini merupakan studi eksperimental yang bertujuan untuk menilai pengaruh pemberian suplementasi Fe dan Vitamin C terhadap peningkatan nilai estimasi VO2max pada atlet Sekolah Ragunan. Total sampel berjumlah 22 orang yang dibagi kedalam dua kelompok, yaitu kelompok perlakuan dan kontrol. Data yang dikumpulkan meliputi karakteristik responden berdasarkan data demografi (umur), data antropometri (berat badan, tinggi badan, dan indeks massa tubuh), asupan makan dan aktivitas fisik selama di asrama, dan VO2max. Intervensi yang dilakukan adalah pemberian 100 mg ferro sulfat dan 60 mg vitamin C untuk kelompok perlakuan, sedangkan untuk kelompok kontrol 100mg ferro sulfat dan placebo. Suplemen diberikan selama 4 minggu dengan 3 kali pemberian setiap minggunya. Sebelum dan sesudah intervensi dilakukan pengukuran nilai estimasi VO2max.

Hasil penelitian menunjukkan pemberian suplementasi kombinasi Fe dan vitamin C meningkatkan nilai VO2max pada kelompok perlakuan, walaupun tidak signifikan (p = 0,59) Terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan antara kelompok perlakuan dan kontrol terhadap nilai estimasi VO2max setelah dilakukan intervensi (p = 0,02). Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah pemberian suplemen Fe sebaiknya dikombinasikan dengan vitamin C agar tubuh dapat menyerap Fe dengan optimal sehingga dapat meningkatkan nilai estimasi VO2max.

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Abstract
This research, an experimental study, is to identify the combination effect of iron and vitamin C supplementation on estimated VO2max level. Samples of research are 22 were divided into two groups, treatment and control groups. The data cellected were age, antropometry (weight and height), nutritional status (BMI), dietary intake, physical activity, and estimated VO2max level. The treatment was given, 100 mg ferro sulfat and 60 mg vitamin C to treatment group, while for control groups was given 100 mg ferro sulfat and placebo. Estimated VO2max level was measured before and after supplementation.

The results of this research show that combined supplementation of Fe and vitamin C increases VO2max level in treatment group, but no significants (p = 0,59). However, there was a significant increase of estimated VO2max level after supplementation between treatment and control groups. The conclusion of this research, iron supplementation if combined with vitamin C, is better in order to increase Fe level.

Abstrak :
Kelompok lanjut usia mengalami perkembangan yang pesat di masa mendatang. Kebugaran menjadi salah satu prediktor dalam menentukan kesakitan dan kematian pada kelompok lansia. Penelitian ini membahas karakteristik, komposisi tubuh, gaya hidup dan asupan gizi dengan kebugaran yang diukur melalui serangkaian tes kebugaran pada wanita pralansia di Kecamatan Pancoran Mas kota Depok. Penelitian menggunakan desain studi cross-sectional dan dilakukan pada 134 orang wanita pralansia di Kecamatan Pancoran Mas kota Depok. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa 72.4 persen wanita pralansia berada pada kondisi tidak bugar. Variabel paling berhubungan dengan kebugaran adalah aktivitas fisik setelah dikontrol dengan IMT, persen lemak tubuh, status merokok dan asupan vitamin B12.

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The elderly experiencing fairly rapid growth in the future. Physical fitness had been found as predictor to morbidity and mortality to elderly group. This study focused on the physical fitness of middle aged women in Pancoran Mas District, Depok. The purpose of this study was to determine the relations between characteristic, lifetsyle, body composition and nutrititional intake to physical fitness. This study was a cross-sectional design and the data were collected from 134 middle aged women. Physical Fitness was measured by fitness test using hand grip test, sit and reach test, and czuka chair sit and stand test. The result showed that 72.4 percentage of respondent belonged to unfit condition. The most influential variable were physical activity intake after adjusted by BMI, percentage of body fat, smoking status and vitamin B12 intake.

Abstrak :
Tesis ini membahas tentang hubungan pola aktivitas fisik siswa SMP dengan status gizi, persen lemak tubuh dan Waist to Height Ratio. Fenomena saat ini adalah aktivitas fisik pada anak dan remaja mengalami penurunan sehingga mereka tidak dapat memenuhi rekomendasi aktivitas fisik. Penurunan ini disebabkan bertambahnya usia, kemajuan teknologi dan lamanya belajar di sekolah. Aktivitas fisik sedenter menempati urutan ke empat faktor risiko utama meningkatnya prevalensi berat badan berlebih dan obesitas yang semakin meningkat di populasi ini. Obesitas yang terjadi pada usia 10-14 tahun mempunyai risiko tertinggi (80%) mengalami obesitas saat dewasa, sehingga anak akan semakin dini mengalami penyakit tidak menular (PTM). Metode penelitian adalah potong lintang dengan desain deskriptif analisis. Subyek penelitian adalah siswa kelas 7-8 SMP X Jakarta Timur, usia antara 10-14 tahun. Penilain aktivitas fisik menggunakan metode Bouchard. Hasil penelitian: Status gizi siswa adalah 19,5% mengalami BB lebih dan 20,1% mengalami obesitas. 19,5% termasuk kategori persen lemak tubuh berlebih dan 7,3% obesitas. 32,9% siswa mengalami obesitas abdomen (risiko penyakit kardiometabolik). Pola aktivitas fisik siswa adalah hanya ≤ 18% yang melakukan aktivitas fisik kategori 6-9 (intensitas sedang dan berat) meskipun tidak terdapat hubungan antara pola aktivitas fisik siswa dengan status gizi, persen lemak tubuh serta Waist to Height Ratio. ......The study is about the relationship between physical activity patterns of junior high school students with nutritional status, body fat percentage, and Waist to Height Ratio. Physical activity in children and adolescents has decreased in current, so they cannot meet the physical activity recommendations. The decrease is due to the increasing age, technological advancements, length of study in school. Sedentary physical activity is the fourth major risk factor in elevating the prevalence of overweight and obesity. Obesity that occurs at the age of 10 to 14 years old has the highest risk (80%) of being obese when adults, a risk to earlier have Non-Communicable Diseases (NCD). Method: cross-sectional, descriptive analysis design. Subjects: 7 and 8th grades students of SMP X East Jakarta, aged 10-14 years. An assessment of the physical activity pattern: Bouchard method. Results: The nutritional status: 19,5% overweight and 20,1% were obese. 19,5% excess body fat percentage and 7,3% were obese. 32,9% were abdominal obesity (elevated risk of cardiometabolic disease). Physical activity pattern: less than 18% who do categories 6 to 9th of physical activity (moderate and high intensity), no relationship between the physical activity pattern of students with nutritional status, body fat percent, and Waist to Height Ratio.

Abstrak :
Skripsi ini membahas faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan daya tahan otot yaitu usia, jenis kelamin, status gizi, aktivitas fisik dan asupan gizi pada anak sekolah usia 10-12 tahun. Daya Tahan Otot sekolah diukur menggunakan Tes situp selama 30 detik dan variabel lain diukur menggunakan kuesioner dan pengukuran antropometrik. Penelitian yang dilakukan adalah jenis penelitian observasi dengan desain studi cross-sectional yang dilakukan pada 63 orang siswa SDN Pondok Cina 03, Depok tahun 2011. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa rata-rata skor sit-up siswa adalah 17,17 kali sit-up. Berdasarkan hasil analisis antar variabel, usia, jenis kelamin, status gizi, dan asupan karbohidrat adalah variabel yang memiliki perbedaan bermakna dengan rata-rata skor tes sit-up dengan p-value < 0,05. Penulis menyarankan diharapkan siswa hendaknya selalu menjaga asupan baik zat gizi makro dengan memakan beraneka ragam makanan sehingga asupannya terpenuhi dan baik siswa maupun sekolah hendaknya selalu melakukan pemantauan berat badan. ......The focus of this study is about the factors that related to muscle endurance ie age, sex, nutritional status, physical activity and nutrition in school children aged 10-12 years. Muscle Endurance was measured using a test school sit-ups for 30 seconds and the other variables measured using questionnaires and anthropometric measurements. This study is an observational study, using crosssectional design. The data that were collected from 63 students of Pondok Cina Elementary School at Depok in 2011 showed that the average score of sit-ups is 17.17. Based on the results of analysis between the variables, age, sex, nutritional status, and carbohydrate intake is a variable that has significant differences with the average test scores of sit-ups with a p-value <0.05. The author suggests is expected of students should always maintain a good intake of macro nutrients by eating a wide variety of foods s and both students and schools should always do weight monitoring to students.

Abstrak :
[ABSTRAK
Pasca latihan yang berat dan lama, atlet memerlukan suplemen gizi yang tepat untuk memaksimalkan pemulihan dan performa. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membuktikan pengaruh susu cokelat dan minuman berkarbohidrat-protein terhadap pemulihan dan performa atlet dayung nasional cabang rowing putera berusia 18 – 23 tahun. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian eksperimental murni yang bersifat single-blind dengan crossover design dan dilaksanakan di Pelatnas Dayung Pengalengan, Jawa Barat pada Bulan April 2015. Atlet diberikan susu cokelat atau minuman berkarbohidrat-protein selama 4 jam recovery di antara 2 latihan endurance. Sebelum (pre) dan sesudah latihan (post), sampel darah vena diambil untuk mengukur peningkatan ureum darah dan kreatin kinase darah sebagai indikator pemulihan, masing-masing menggunakan Cobas C111 dan Advia 1650/1800. Performa diukur pada latihan ke-2 menggunakan ergometer dayung. Peningkatan ureum darah, kreatin kinase darah dan performa antara kedua perlakuan dibandingkan menggunakan uji t independen. Hasil analisis membuktikan bahwa peningkatan rata-rata ureum darah setelah pemberian susu cokelat lebih rendah, yakni 9,14 ± 3,39 mg/dl dibandingkan minuman berkarbohidrat-protein, yakni 16,29 ± 4,89 mg/dl (p value = 0,012) yang artinya pemulihan glikogen otot setelah pemberian susu cokelat lebih tinggi dibandingkan minuman berkarbohidrat-protein. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa susu cokelat merupakan alternatif suplemen pasca latihan yang efektif.

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ABSTRACT
After an intense and long lasting exercise, athletes have sought nutritional supplements to maximize recovery and performance. This study compared the effects of chocolate milk and carbohydrate-protein replacement drink on recovery and performance among national rowing male athletes aged 18 – 23 years. This is a single-blind, true experimental study with crossover design, conducted in National Training Centre, Pengalengan, April 2015. Athletes received milk chocolate or carbohydrate-protein replacement drink during 4 hours recovery between 2 endurance exercises. Before (pre) and after exercise (post), venous blood sample was collected to measure the increase of blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and creatin kinase (CK) as indicator of recovery, using Cobas C111 and Advia 1650/1800 respectively. Performance was measured in the second exercise using rowing ergometer. The effects of each treatment on BUN, CK and performance was compared by using independent t tests. The result demonstrated that the increase of BUN were significantly lower (muscle glycogen recovery were significantly higher) for chocolate milk trial compared to carbohydrate-protein repleacement drink trial (9,14 ± 3,39 mg/dl vs. 16,29 ± 4,89 mg/dl, P = 0,012). It suggested that chocolate milk is an effective post-workout recovery aid., After an intense and long lasting exercise, athletes have sought nutritional supplements to maximize recovery and performance. This study compared the effects of chocolate milk and carbohydrate-protein replacement drink on recovery and performance among national rowing male athletes aged 18 – 23 years. This is a single-blind, true experimental study with crossover design, conducted in National Training Centre, Pengalengan, April 2015. Athletes received milk chocolate or carbohydrate-protein replacement drink during 4 hours recovery between 2 endurance exercises. Before (pre) and after exercise (post), venous blood sample was collected to measure the increase of blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and creatin kinase (CK) as indicator of recovery, using Cobas C111 and Advia 1650/1800 respectively. Performance was measured in the second exercise using rowing ergometer. The effects of each treatment on BUN, CK and performance was compared by using independent t tests. The result demonstrated that the increase of BUN were significantly lower (muscle glycogen recovery were significantly higher) for chocolate milk trial compared to carbohydrate-protein repleacement drink trial (9,14 ± 3,39 mg/dl vs. 16,29 ± 4,89 mg/dl, P = 0,012). It suggested that chocolate milk is an effective post-workout recovery aid.]