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"A clinical trial was carried out to investigate the inhibitory effect of Anchovy of Stelophorus commersonil on the growth of salivary mutans streptococci over one week period. Methods: Before enrolled in the study, respondents filled and signed the informed consent. Twenty respondents participated in the study I, conducting two times of treatment as follows: twenty as treatment group before and after consuming anchovy of commersonii andthe twenty subjects as control group before and after consuming non-anchovy of commersonii. Saliva samples were collected before and after consuming anchovy of commersonii and with a non-anchovy of commersonii. A serial dilution was made, followed by inoculating on TYS20B medium (Schaeken., et al, 1986). Data were obtained from colony forming units of salivary mutans streptococci grew on the TYS20B medium before and after consuming anchovy of commersonii were analyzed in a descriptive and t test. Results: showed that there was no significant different in the average amount of Streptococcus mutans both between before and after consuming non-anchovy of commersonii. However, a significant difference was found respectively as results before and after consuming anchovy of commersonii. Conclusion: Anchovy of commersonii has an anti microbial activity against local strains of S.mutans isolated from human harbouring species. Long term consummation Anchovy fish of commersonii, can be beneficial in preventing caries. "

"Fluorosis is a condition due to ingestion of excessive amounts of flour which can cause the change in tooth structure and strength. However, there is still lack of explanation on the surface structure of crystal hydroxyapatite that influences the microscopic characteristic of fluorosis enamel. Objectives: To investigate the surface structure of crystal hydroxy-apatite in fluorosis enamel. Materials and methods: Determination of fluor concentration and the surface structure of normal and fluorosis enamel specimen were carried out by using Scanning Electron Microscopy/ Energy Disperse X-Ray (SEM/ EDX). Results: Fluor concentration of fluorosis enamel was significantly higher with increased surface roughness and porosity than normal enamel. SEM observation also showed gaps areas between enamel rods and visible aprismatic zone in some regions. Conclusion: High level of fluor concentration on fluorosis enamel indicated the subtitution of OH- by F- increasing the surface roughness of enamel surface."

"The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of ovariectomy, the influences of estrogen replacement therapy and / or suplemen CavitD3 on mandible's calsium contents of animal's models. Forty-five female rats were used in this researched. Five rats were sacrificed for unoperated basal controls and the others were bilaterally ovariectomized. The ovariectomized animals were devided into 8 groups and two of these groups were only ovariectomized, the others were treated by estrogen replacement therapy. CavitD3 and combination of both per oral for 2 and 4 weeks and then were sacrificed. Mandible's calsium contents were analyzed by Ion Selective Electrode methode after demineralized with 10% phosphoric acid for 24 hours. Result : there were significant increased of mandible's calcium content at 2 weeks post-ovariectomy, but the results decreased at 4 weeks post-ovariectomy. Estrogen replacement therapy and treated with CavitD3 for 2 and 4 weeks or combination of both for 2 weeks increased the mandible's calsium contents of ovariectomized rats, but therapy combination with estrogen and CavitD3 for 4 weeks had a protective effect to mandible's calsium contents of ovariectomized rats."