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Abstrak :
Ureterokel yang menonjol keluar merupakan kasus yang jarang ditemukan pada literatur. Kami melaporkan perempuan 21 tahun dengan keluhan massa yang menonjol keluar dari uretra, disertai disuria, hematuria, dan infeksi saluran kemih berulang. Pada inspeksi genitalia eksterna ditemukan massa menonjol keluar dari uretra yang dapat direduksi secara manual. Urografi ekskretorik menunjukkan single collecting system bilateral, hidronefrosis derajat II pada ginjal kanan, dan gambaran cobra head appearance pada pelvis sisi kanan bawah. Pasien didiagnosis dengan ureterokel kanan pada single collecting system, dan insisi ureterokel dilakukan secara endoskopik. Ultrasonografi yang dilakukan tiga minggu pasca prosedur tidak menunjukkan adanya hidronefrosis atau ureterokel residual. Voiding cystourethrography (VCUG) tiga bulan pascaprosedur menunjukkan vesico-uretereal reflux (VUR) derajat 5 pada sisi kanan. Pasien lalu direncanakan untuk menjalani operasi reimplantasi ureter. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa insisi endoskopik untuk ureterokel cukup aman dan dapat memberikan hasil yang baik, namun harus diperhitungkan kemungkinan diperlukannya operasi sekunder pada beberapa kondisi.

Abstrak :
Aim: to learn the role of docetaxel in non-castrate resistant prostate cancer patient. Methods: literature search was conducted to find relevant study comparing the combination of docetaxel and androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) to ADT alone in non-castrate resistant prostate cancer using PubMed, Cohrane Library, Proquest, EBSCO, and Scopus database. Quality assessment of studies was done using Bond University Rapid Critical Appraisal of a Systematic Review. Results: we found 494 studies from literature search, but only two studies were included in final selection. Based on validity assessment, we chose one study to be discussed further. This study showed that combination of docetaxel and ADT is better than ADT alone in regards of overall survival (HR 0.64; 95% CI 0.55, 0.75; p<0.0001; NNT=3), biochemical progression free survival (HR 0.63; 95% CI 0.57, 0.69; p<0.0001; NNT=2) and clinical progression free survival (HR 0.73; 95% CI 0.64, 0.84; p<0.0001; NNT=2). Benefit of docetaxel and ADT combination was especially seen in high volume disease (HR 0.67; 95% CI 0.54, 0.83; p=0.0003; NNT=3). Conclusion: addition of docetaxel into ADT has beneficial effects in terms of overall survival and progression free survival in patients with non-castrate resistant metastatic prostate cancer.

Abstrak :
ABSTRACT
Background: Tadalafil is a PDE5I which has been licensed for the treatment of erectile dysfunction (ED) since 2003, is effective from 30 minutes after administration and its efficacy is maintained for up to 36 hours. More recently, it is also given OAD in a lower dose to allow spontaneous sexual activities. However, whether OAD administration is more effective than PRN administration in improving the EF is yet to be established. This study aimed to evaluate whether OAD administration of tadalafil leads to a better improvement of erectile function (EF) in patients with erectile dysfunction (ED) compared to PRN administration. Methods: literature search of electronic database was performed through Medline, Scopus, Cochrane Library, and CINAHL databases. Cochrane Risk of Bias Tool was then employed to assess the risk of bias in each study. Results: initial literature search resulted in 231 hits, but only four studies were included in final selection. Based on our judgements, the study by Kang et al. was the most applicable in our clinical setting. This study showed that subjects who received tadalafil OAD had statistically significant higher increases of mean IIEF-EF (6,5 (SD 4,5) vs 4,9 (SD 4,2), p=0,032), proportion of yes responses to SEP-2 (81,8% vs 64,7%, p=0,025), and proportion of yes responses to SEP-3 (77,3% vs 60,3%, p= 0,034). Conclusion: administration of tadalafil OAD leads to a better improvement of EF compared to PRN administration.