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"ABSTRAKKaries gigi masih menjadi masalah kesehatan gigi di Indonesia, sehingga pencegahan menjadi penting. Email gigi merupakan lapisan terluar gigi yang berperan dalam ketahanan gigi terhadap penyebab karies. Biji Kakao Sulawesi Tengah merupakan bahan alam hasil perkebunan unggulan Indonesia, mengandung senyawa alkaloid yang berpotensi meningkatkan ketahanan host email gigi . Penelitian ini merupakan studi biomimetika eksperimental laboratorik in vitro, yang mencakup identifikasi karakteristik senyawaan alkaloid biji kakao klon Sulawesi-1 S1 dan Sulawesi-2 S2 asal Sulawesi Tengah untuk mendapatkan prototype biomimetika, uji khasiat formula alkaloid pada email gigi berupa uji kekerasan email gigi, karakteristik permukaan dan kristal apatit email, serta uji karakteristik permukaan email setelah proses demineralisasi dan remineralisasi email gigi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa senyawaan alkaloid klon biji kakao klon S1 dan S2 asal Sulawesi Tengah teridentifikasi mengandung Teobromin T , Teofilin TF dan Kafein K , dengan komposisi T : TF : K = 6 : 1 : 1 untuk S1 dan T : TF : K = 4 : 1 : 1 untuk S2. Formula alkaloid biomimik S1 lebih bermakna dalam meningkatkan kekerasan mikro email gigi dibandingkan S2. Formula alkaloid biomimik S1 dapat mempengaruhi karakteristik permukaan dan meningkatkan derajat kristalinitas apatit email gigi, serta berkhasiat terhadap remineralisasi email gigi. Dengan demikian alkaloid biji kakao Sulawesi Tengah dalam bentuk formula biomimik, berpotensi sebagai alternatif agen remineralisasi email gigi.

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ABSTRACTDental caries is still a major dental health problem in Indonesia, and preventive measures needs to be done to resolve it. The enamel is the outermost layer of teeth in which play a role in resistance to the cause of dental caries. Central Sulawesi cacao beans are natural materials featured Indonesian plantation crops, contains the alkaloid compounds that could potentially increase the resistance of the host the enamel . The research was a biomimetic study laboratory experiment in vitro, which covered identification of the characteristics of cacao beans s alkaloid compounds of clones Sulawesi 1 S1 and Sulawesi 2 S2 from Central Sulawesi, to obtain biomimetics prototype, to test the efficacy of the alkaloid formula to tooth enamel i.e. enamel microhardhess, surface and apatite crystal characteristics test, and also enamel surface characteristics test after demineralization and remineralization process of tooth enamel. The results of this research showed that the cacao beans s alkaloid compounds of clones S1 and S2 from Central Sulawesi contains Theobromine T , Theophylline TF and Caffeine K , with composition T TF K 6 1 1 for S1 and T TF K 4 1 1 for S2. The S1 biomimic alkaloid formula was more significant in increasing tooth enamel microhardness than S2. S1 biomimic alkaloid formula affected the characteristics of the surface and increased the degree of apatite crystallinity of tooth enamel, as well as efficacious against the remineralization of tooth enamel. Thus Central Sulawesi cacao beans alkaloid in the form of biomimic formula, have potential as an alternative remineralization agents of tooth enamel."

"ABSTRAKDisertasi ini membahas modifikasi mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) menjadi nanopartikel mineral trioksida (NMT) dan menentukan potensi NMT tersebut dengan cara menganalisis aktivitas proliferasi dan diferensiasi sel punca mesensimal pulpa gigi serta maturasi sel ke arah odontoblas. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian kuantitatif dengan desain eksperimental laboratorik Hasil penelitian menyimpulkan bahwa a) NMT meningkatkan proliferasi dan tidak toksis terhadap DPSC dan SHED; b) NMT meningkatkan aktivitas ALP khususnya pada SHED; c) NMT meningkatkan aktivitas OC khususnya pada DPSC; d) NMT meningkatkan aktivitas DSPP pada DPSC dan SHED; e) NMT meningkatkan jumlah deposit kalsium dan matrik ekstrasellular pada DPSC dan SHED.

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ABSTRACTThe Dissertation discussed the modification of mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) to nanoparticle mineral trioxidea (NMT) and determining NMT potential by analyzing the proliferation and differentiation of dental pulp stem cells and maturation activities to odontoblasts. The quantitative research used experimental laboratory design. Based on the research findings, it can be concluded that a) NMT increased cells proliferation and was not toxic to DPSC and SHED; b) NMT increased ALP activities, especially on SHED; c) NMT increased OC activities, especially on DPSC; d) NMT increased DSPP activities on DPSC and SHED; e) NMT increased the quantity of calcium deposit and extracellular matrix on DPSC and SHED."

"ABSTRAKKajian agen antikaries propolis Trigona spp. telah dilakukan dengan pendekatan analisis kimia dipandu dengan bioassay. Metode ekstraksi berbantuan gelombang mikro (MAE) paling efisien dibanding metode maserasi dan refluks. Profil kimia EEP menunjukkan komposisi kimia yang kompleks dan didominasi oleh komponen dengan kepolaran rendah. Fraksi kloroform merupakan fraksi potensial sebagai agen anti karies dengan karakteristik: MIC = 50 ? 100 g/ml, MBC = 400 ? 800 g/ml, adherence = 6,02% (penurunan sekitar 60% relatif terhadap media tanpa fraksi kloroform), dan dengan komposisi kimia didominasi oleh senyawa bernitrogen.

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ABSTRACTStudy of anticaries agents in propolis Trigona spp. has been done using bioassayguided chemical analysis approach. The microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) was the most efficient compared to maceration and reflux methods. Chemical profile of EEP showed a complex chemical composition and dominated by low polarity components. The fraction of the chloroform has a potential as an anticaries agent with its characteristics as follows: MIC = 50 ? 100 g/ml, MBC = 400 ? 800 g/ml, adherence characteristic = 6.02% (approximately 60% decrease relative to the media without chloroform fraction) and its chemical composition dominated by nitrogenous compounds."