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"Di Indonesia, kasus tuberkulosis (TB) yang dilaporkan pada tahun 2011 ter-deteksi lebih dari 70% dan cenderung terus meningkat. Di Kota Surabaya,cakupan penemuan penderita adalah sekitar 49,52% dengan jumlah sus-pek TB sebanyak 4.402 orang hingga tahun 2011. Keterlibatan masyarakatdalam penanggulangan TB tersebut sesuai dengan Kerangka Kerja StrategiPenanggulangan TB 2006 _ 2010. Masyarakat berpeluang untuk berperandalam penanggulangan TB, sumber daya di masyarakat dimanfaatkan un-tuk meningkatkan derajat kesehatan dan mengubah perilaku masyarakat.Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui pengaruh pelatihan terhadap penge-tahuan kader kesehatan dalam penemuan suspek TB. Penelitian kuantitatifini menggunakan rancangan studi kuasi eksperimental kelompok kontrolnon-ekuivalen. Perlakuan pelatihan program pengendalian berupa pene-muan suspek TB. Populasi penelitian adalah ibu rumah tangga di wilayahkerja Puskesmas Mojo di Kota Surabaya dengan jumlah sampel 90 iburumah tangga berumur rata-rata 48 tahun, tingkat pendidikan terbanyakadalah tamat SMA (58,9%). Setelah pelatihan, pengetahuan kader tentangpenemuan suspek TB meningkat dari 67 (74,4%) menjadi 89 (98,9%). Perluimplementasi untuk melihat kemampuan kader menerapkan pengetahuanyang diperoleh dalam menemukan suspek penderita TB dengan pen-dampingan dan monitoring kader.Progress reports current situation of tuberculosis (TB) in Indonesia in 2011showed Case Detection Rate (CDR) of over 70% and showed an increasefrom year to year. While the city of Surabaya figures coverage discoveryPatients up to 2011 amounted to 49.52% with the number of 4,402 peoplesuspected. Community involvement in TB control in accordance with theTuberculosis Control Strategy Framework 2006 _ 2010. The opportunitiesas well as public opportunities to participate in TB control to make the re-sources available in the community should be utilized to improve health sta-tus and change people?s behavior as a factor influencing health status. Thisstudy aimed to determine the effect of training on the knowledge of healthcadres in the discovery of suspected tuberculosisThis study uses quantita-tive methods to the design of a Quasi Nonequivalent Experimental ControlGroup Design. Treatment will be given in the form of training on tuberculo-sis control program in the discovery suspected tuberculosis. The populationin this study was a housewife in Puskesmas Mojo working in the city ofSurabaya. Large sample taken as many as 90 respondents. Characteristicshousewife with average age 48 years, female gender, and education allmost 31.1%. Improvement occurred knowledge of 67 (74.4 %) health work-ers who have good knowledge before training to 89 (98.9 %). Based on theresults of this study concluded increased knowledge of health workers af-ter training in the discovery of suspected tuebrkulosis. Further implementa-tion is needed to see the ability of the implementing cadres who haveacquired knowledge in finding patients with suspected tuberculosis in thesurrounding environment. In its application may be made to the guidanceand monitoring of health cadres in the process of discovery with suspectedtuberculosis."

"Stroke is the leading non-communicable cause of death in Indonesia. The number of stroke patients increases every year. A prevention strategy needs to be implemented to control the number of stroke patients, starting by determining the factors affecting the incidence of stroke. This study aimed to determine factors affecting stroke incidence, including smoking status, past hypertension, past diabetes, diet, physical activity, and alcohol consumption. The total of respondents was 132, consisting of 66 cases and 66 controls. This study employed a case control design and systematic random sampling method. The study was conducted at Ngudi Waluyo Wlingi Public Hospital in Blitar District, East Java Province, Indonesia, in October-November 2017. Bivariate analysis showed that factors significantly related to stroke were smoking status (p-value = 0.011, OR = 2.6), past hypertension (p-value = 0.00, OR = 6), past diabetes (p-value = 0.015, OR = 5.7), and unhealthy diet (p-value = 0.00, OR = 5.7). Multivariate analysis showed that factors significantly affecting stroke were smoking status, past hypertension, and an unhealthy diet. In conclusion, smoking, past hypertension, and an unhealthy diet are factors affecting the incidence of stroke."

"Lovastatin is an anti-cholesterol agent that was produced by Aspergillus terreus using solid state fermentation (SSF). During this fermentation process, sulochrin is also produced as an unwanted co-metabolite. However, our previous result showed that sulochrin had potential as antidiabetes because it is an inhibitor agent of α-glucosidase. In this paper, we reported our observation on lovastatin and sulochrin production pattern in relation with inhibitor α-glucosidase activity during eleven days fermentation of A. terreus koji (SSF) ethyl acetate extract. Koji obtained from solid state fermentation with rice as the substrate and incubated at room temperature, sample is taken daily for eleven day (D-1 toD-11). Lovastatin and sulochrin production was measured by Liquid Chromatography- Mass Spectrometer based on their molecular weight m/z 404.5 and 332.3 respectively. The in hibitory activity is measured by inhibition model of koji extract against α-glucosidase (EC 3.2.1.20) from Saccharomyces cereviceae. The results show that lovastatin production was started on the day 2 (0.04 mg/g) and achieving the optimal production on day 7 (11.46 mg/g), while sulochrin production was started on day 4 (0.60 mg/g) and keep produced until the end of fermentation period at Day 11 (3.11 mg/g). Koji extract was started to show inhibitory to α-glucosidase activity on Day 5 (IC50= 23.34 μg/mL) and keep showed activity until Day 11 (IC50=3.33 μg/mL). These results suggest that inhibitory activity of koji extract to α-glucosidase activity have relation with sulochrin biosynthesis production. "