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Abstrak :
Studi ini akan mengeksplorasi eksistensi dan bentuk institusi pengaturan kerja dan kesejahteraan kelompok nelayan kongsi di pulau Pramuka dengan menggunakan konsep kunci ekologi politik, institusi, teori kelompok, serta commons. Teori kelompok yang dibahas Olson (1965) juga akan diterapkan untuk menjelaskan perilaku individu dalam kelompok yang dipengaruhi dan mempengaruhi kelompok tersebut. Studi ini mencoba mengungkap cara kerja institusi seperti yang diungkap Haller (2002: 10) bahwa cara institusi berevolusi dan berubah serta pengaruh yang dibawanya terhadap strategi ekonomi individu dan kelompok para aktornya, adalah isu yang diperdebatkan oleh berbagai teori berbeda dalam sejarah ekonomi, ilmu politik dan antropologi. Institusi yang dilihat di sini adalah aturan main yang formal dan informal, seperti hambatan, norma, nilai dan aturan. Semuanya memberi insentif pada kelompok dan individu, juga membangun struktur aksi dan interaksi manusia, khususnya dalam kegiatan-kegiatan ekonomi, dalam aksi kolektif (collective action) dan dalam pemanfaatan sumberdaya yang berkelanjutan.

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The study tends to explore the existence and forms of institutions in which jobs and welfare are managed in kongsi fisher groups in Pramuka island using the key concept of political ecology, institution, theory of groups and commons. Theory of groups which has been written by Olson (1965) will be used to explain individual action within the group that is influenced by and to impact toward the group. This study describes how institution works as Haller (2002: 10) wrote that the way institution evolves and change as well as impact it brings to the individual and group's economic strategy of its actors, which has been debatable issue discussed by different theories in history of economy, political science and anthropology. Institutions seen here as both formal and informal rules of the game, such as obstacles, norms, values and regulations. Those contribute to incentives that has been chased by groups and indivuals, as well as construct the structure of action and interaction of people, especially in economic activities, collective action and the use of sustainable resources.

Abstrak :
Penelitian terdahulu menemukan pengembangan wisata kuliner akan memberikan kesempatan bagi pelaku usaha bermodal kecil jika dikembangkan di pedesaan atau di tempat yang dirancang khusus sebagai destinasi wisata kuliner. Penelitian ini dilakukan di kota dan tidak dirancang khusus sebagai destinasi wisata kuliner. Ruang wisata akan menjadi produksi ruang yang bercirikan kontestasi dan selalu dimenangkan oleh pemodal besar. Makanan lokal merupakan daya tarik wisata yang akan membangun ruang wisata bagi pedagang bermodal kecil. Diajukan argumen, penambahan makanan lokal sebagai daya tarik wisata kuliner akan menjadi kekuatan pembentuk ruang lokal, ruang untuk pelaku usaha bermodal kecil penjual makanan lokal. Penelitian menggunakan analisis dialektika triadik conceived-perceived-lived produksi ruang Lefebvre, konsumsi dalam wisata Urry, pemetaan spasial kota dan survey online konsumsi pengunjung pada 1259 responden. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan Lefebvre gagal menjelaskan mengapa ruang wisata kuliner dominan tidak menghasilkan konsumsi dominan dan Urry gagal menjelaskan mengapa konsumsi dominan tidak menjadi ruang wisata dominan. Penambahan makanan lokal berhasil membangun ruang quasi dominan sebagai segmen dari ruang dominan. Penelitian ini mengajukan untuk memposisikan kembali pelaku usaha bermodal kecil sebagai kelompok yang tidak selalu setara dan kemungkinan makanan lokal sebagai komoditas bagi pedagang makanan lokal. Dua hal yang menyebabkan penambahan makanan lokal dalam produksi ruang wisata kuliner hanya membangun ruang quasi dominan dan gagal membangun ruang lokal. ......Previous research has found that culinary tourism development will be providing opportunities for small capital entrepreneurs if it is developed in rural areas or in places that were specifically designed as culinary tourism destinations. This research was conducted in a city that is not specifically designed as a culinary tourism destination. The tourism space establishment will be a production of space characterized by contestation and always won by big capital entrepreneurs. Local food is a tourist attraction that will build a tourist space for traders with small capital. The argument is local food addition as a culinary tourism attraction would be a strength to forming local space, space for small-capital entrepreneurs to sell local food. This research used triadic dialectic analysis of conceived-perceived-lived production of space by Lefebvre, consumption in tourism by Urry, city spatial mapping, and an online survey of visitor consumption on 1259 respondents. The results showed that Lefebvre failed to explain why the dominant culinary tourism space did not produce dominant consumption and Urry failed to explain why dominant consumption did not become the dominant tourism space. Local food consumption has succeeded in building a quasi-dominant space as a dominant space segment but failed to build a local space. This study proposes to reposition small capital entrepreneurs as always an equal group and local food possibility for being a commodity in tourism. Those two things were causing the local food addition in tourism production space was only succeeded to build a quasi-dominant space and failed to prove a local space.

Abstrak :
I would like to point out through this dissertation that the network established among the institutions have a significant contribution in the firmation and integration occurs through a series of cooperation and competition among actors in the use of scarce resource based on the 'surplus' possessed by each party. The foundation of cooperation and competition is built through patterns of relationship that is developed by three categories of Aceh Besar fisherman economic main actor; i.e. lake boat, pawang, and toke bangku (actors of the base-structure). The relationship system of cooperation and competition that runs parallel to the symmetrical relationship paterns succeed to avoid the symptom of 'patronage' as often in every fisherman community in other parts of Indonesia. I would like to point out the symptom of the above integration by observing the behavior of actors in the fish catching system of Aceh Besar, Nanggroe Aceh Darussalam Province like toke boat, pawang, and toke bangku, and other actors related to them in the frame of economic purposed such as margee, pengrajin ikan asin (salted-fish maker), aneuk pukat, and becak laut, or others i called as periphery actors. Each of the mentioned actors acts as key actor in the expansion of cooperation networking and competition among fisherman. Outside of the above two actor categories: there are auxiliaries that o called as environmental components such as aoutside capital provider, panglima laot lhok, panglima laot provinsi, and the clement from the government. Such environmental componen possess the functions to facilitate, suppress, limit, and control the actions of actors especially the actions of actors in the 'base structure'. The effect of environment pressure has caused Aceh fisherman to get stuck in the middle of the two main powers. The first is the power came from the land in the form of coastal resource exploitation that significantly affect the traditional fisherman's way of life. Th second is the power came from the sea that the development of global capitalist in the sector of marine resource exploitation has produced large capitalized fish catchers that over exploit marine resource which make the traditional fisherman' yield significantly decrease. Such a power is the result of the cooperatio. between the government's policy and the capitalist. In the mean time, th institution of Lembaga Adat Laor/Pan lima Laot of Nanggroe Aceh Darussalar. Province gives strong pressure to panglima laot lhok, so that the panglima lac llwk then lost his autonomy. In confronting the environmental pressure that occurs in the fish catching sector, the economic actor of Aceh Besar traditional fishermen try to empower the 'surplus' they have and by using the institution and the existing inter-institution network; such as familial network, cooperation network by complementing 'surplus' - toke boat. pawang , and toke bangku, panglima laot institution and state institution; although the las institution is applid limited to only certain actors.

Abstrak :
Penelitian terdahulu menemukan pengembangan wisata kuliner akan memberikan kesempatan bagi pelaku usaha bermodal kecil jika dikembangkan di pedesaan atau di tempat yang dirancang khusus sebagai destinasi wisata kuliner. Penelitian ini dilakukan di kota dan tidak dirancang khusus sebagai destinasi wisata kuliner. Ruang wisata akan menjadi produksi ruang yang bercirikan kontestasi dan selalu dimenangkan oleh pemodal besar. Makanan lokal merupakan daya tarik wisata yang akan membangun ruang wisata bagi pedagang bermodal kecil. Diajukan argumen, penambahan makanan lokal sebagai daya tarik wisata kuliner akan menjadi kekuatan pembentuk ruang lokal, ruang untuk pelaku usaha bermodal kecil penjual makanan lokal. Penelitian menggunakan analisis dialektika triadik conceived-perceived-lived produksi ruang Lefebvre, konsumsi dalam wisata Urry, pemetaan spasial kota dan survey online konsumsi pengunjung pada 1259 responden. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan Lefebvre gagal menjelaskan mengapa ruang wisata kuliner dominan tidak menghasilkan konsumsi dominan dan Urry gagal menjelaskan mengapa konsumsi dominan tidak menjadi ruang wisata dominan. Penambahan makanan lokal berhasil membangun ruang quasi dominan sebagai segmen dari ruang dominan. Penelitian ini mengajukan untuk memposisikan kembali pelaku usaha bermodal kecil sebagai kelompok yang tidak selalu setara dan kemungkinan makanan lokal sebagai komoditas bagi pedagang makanan lokal. Dua hal yang menyebabkan penambahan makanan lokal dalam produksi ruang wisata kuliner hanya membangun ruang quasi dominan dan gagal membangun ruang lokal.  .....Previous research has found that culinary tourism development will be providing opportunities for small capital entrepreneurs if it is developed in rural areas or in places that were specifically designed as culinary tourism destinations. This research was conducted in a city that is not specifically designed as a culinary tourism destination. The tourism space establishment will be a production of space characterized by contestation and always won by big capital entrepreneurs. Local food is a tourist attraction that will build a tourist space for traders with small capital. The argument is local food addition as a culinary tourism attraction would be a strength to forming local space, space for small-capital entrepreneurs to sell local food. This research used triadic dialectic analysis of conceived-perceived-lived production of space by Lefebvre, consumption in tourism by Urry, city spatial mapping, and an online survey of visitor consumption on 1259 respondents. The results showed that Lefebvre failed to explain why the dominant culinary tourism space did not produce dominant consumption and Urry failed to explain why dominant consumption did not become the dominant tourism space. Local food consumption has succeeded in building a quasi-dominant space as a dominant space segment but failed to build a local space. This study proposes to reposition small capital entrepreneurs as always an equal group and local food possibility for being a commodity in tourism. Those two things were causing the local food addition in tourism production space was only succeeded to build a quasi-dominant space and failed to prove a local space.