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Abstrak :
To reduce the level of CO2 content in air, effort on converting CO2 to useful products is required. One of the alternatives includes CO2 fixation to produce biomass using Chlorella vulgaris Buitenzorg. Chlorella vulgaris Buitenzorg is applied for production of food supplement. Chlorella vulgaris Buitenzorg is also easy to handle due to its superior adaptation. Currently, Chlorella vulgaris Buitenzorg has been analyzed by some experts for its cellular composition, its ability to produce high quality biomass and the content of essential nutrition. A series of experiments was conducted by culturing Chlorella vulgaris Buitenzorg using Beneck medium in bubbling column photobioreactor. The main variation in this experiment was photoperiodicity, where growth of Chlorella vulgaris Buitenzorg was examined during photoperiodicity condition. The difference between CO2 gas concentration of inlet and outlet of the reactor during operational period, was compared to the same experiment under continuous illumination. Under photoperiodicity of 8 and 9 h/d, the culture cell densities (N) were approximately 40 % higher than under continuous illumination. Final biomass density of Chlorella vulgaris Buitenzorg at 9 h/d illumination was 1.43 g/dm3, around 46% higher than under continuous illumination. Specific carbon dioxide transfer rate (qCO2) in photoperiodicity was 50-80% higher than under continuous illumination. These experiments showed that photoperiodicity affects the growth of Chlorella vulgaris Buitenzorg The specific growth rate (µ) by photoperiodicity was higher than that by continuous ilumination while the growth period was two times longer. Based on the experiments, it can be concluded that photoperiodicity might save light energy consumption. The prediction of kinetic model under continuous illumination as well as under photoperiodicity illumination showed that Haldane model became the fitted kinetic model.

Abstrak :
Mikroalga Chlorella vulgaris Buitenzorg memiliki potensi dalam memfiksasi CO2 dan dilihat dari kandungan protein dan zat esensiil lainnya dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai bahan makanan tambahan. Perlakuan pencahayaan siklus harian pada kultivasi Chlorella vulgaris Buitenzorg menunjukkan hasil akhir produksi biomassa dan laju fiksasi CO2 yang lebih rendah dibandingkan dengan perlakuan pencahayaan sinambung, dengan perbandingan hasil produksi biomassa sebesar 79,0% serta nilai CTR (carbon dioxide transferred rate) sebesar 54,0% dan nilai qCO2 (microbial carbon dioxide fixation ability) sebesar 50,0% sebagai parameter yang menunjukkan kemampuan fiksasi CO2 -nya. Kedua perlakuan tersebut dilakukan dalam 1,0 L kolom gelembung mengandung 600 mL medium Beneck yang dihembuskan udara yang mengandung CO2 sebesar 10.0% dengan kecepatan superfisial hembusan udara sebesar 3,60 m/h pada temperatur 29,0oC dan tekanan operasi 1.0 atm. Sebagai tambahan, energi pembentukkan biomassa (EX) juga menunjukkan nilai 70,0% lebih besar dibandingkan perlakuan pencahayaan sinambung.

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Green Algae Chlorella vulgaris Buitenzorg green have a potencies such as their ability in CO2 fixation and it?s protein and essensial contents observation for supplement food purpose. Chlorella vulgaris Buitenzorg?s cultivation results using daily cycle illumination showed that the final biomass production and CO2 fixation rate are lower if compared to continuous illumination treatment. The comparisons between these two treatments are 54.0% for CTR (carbon dioxide transferred rate) value and 50.0% for q CO2 (microbial carbon dioxide fixation ability) value as parameter that shown it?s CO2 fixation ability and 79.0% for biomass production. Both of treatments was done in 1.0 L bubble column fotobioreactor content 600 mL Beneck medium that was sparged by 3.6 m/h superficial velocity of air consisting of 10.0% CO2 as carbon source at 29.0°C and 1.0 atm. Additionally, the consumption energy for biomass formation (EX) in daily cycle illumination, was 70.0% larger than con tinuous illumination treatment.