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"ABSTRAKPenelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui bahwa penipisan zona pelusida dengan Laser Assisted Hatching dapat membantu dalam perkembangan dan viabilitas kultur embrio pascavitrifikasi. Embrio uji yang digunakan dalam penelitian yaitu embrio blastokista awal pascavitrifikasi yang dibagi menjadi lima perlakuan KK 1, KK 2, KP 1, KP 2, dan KP 3 dengan lima kali ulangan. KK 1 merupakan kelompok kontrol normal yang divitrifikasi tanpa penipisan zona pelusida dan dikultur selama 72 jam, KK 2 merupakan kelompok kontrol perlakuan tanpa vitrifkasi dengan penipisan zona pelusida dan dikultur selama 72 jam, KP 1, KP 2, dan KP 3 merupakan kelompok perlakuan blastokista awal yang divitrifikasi dan diberikan perlakuan penipisan zona pelusida masing-masing dengan ukuran dari keliling zona pelusida, keliling zona pelusida dan 2/3 keliling zona pelusida secara berurutan. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian persentase viabilitas, hatched embryo, dan degenerasi secara berturut KK 1 68,33 ;13,33 ;31,67 , KK 2 80,00 ;30,00 ;20,00 , KP 1 66,67 ;11,67 ;28,33 , KP 2 78,33 ;23,33 ;21,67 , dan KP 3 65,00 ; 6,67 ;35,00 . Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa ukuran penipisan keliling zona pelusida KP 2 merupakan ukuran yang paling efektif untuk membantu meningkatkan perkembangan kultur dan viabilitas blastokista awal karena ukuran tersebut mendekati perkembangan embrio pada KK2.

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ABSTRAKThe aim of this study was to find out that the zona thinning of embryo with Laser Assisted Hatching can assist in the development and viability of embryo culture post vitrification. The embryo test used in the study was early blastocyst post vitrification divided into five treatments KK 1, KK 2, KP 1, KP 2, and KP 3 with five replications. KK 1 is a normal control group that is vitrified without thinning of the zona pellucida and cultured for 72 hours, KK 2 is a treatment control group without vitrification with zona thinning of zona pellucida and cultured for 72 hours, KP 1, KP 2, and KP 3 are blastocyst treatment groups A vitrified and thinning of pellucida zone treatment of each of the of the pellucida zone, of the pellucida zone and 2 3 of the pellucida zone in succession. Based on the results of the research, the percentage of viability, hatched embryo, and degeneration are respectively KK 1 68,33 13,33 31,67 , KK 2 80,00 30,00 20,00 , KP 1 66.67 , 11.67 , 28.33 , KP 2 78.33 23.33 21.67 and KP 3 65.00 6, 67 35.00 . The results of this study indicate that the thinning of the zona pellucida KP 2 is the most effective measure to help improve the development of early blastocyst culture and viability as it approximates embryonic development in KK2. "

"ABSTRACTDumbo (Clarias gariepinus) is one of walking catfish species fromAfrica. Dumbo was introduced to Indonesia in 1986. Sangkuriang (Clariasgariepinus var. Sangkuriang) is one of dumbo variant that was launched byBalai Budidaya Air Tawar Sukabumi.The study about feeding behavior of sangkuriang is using juvenile ofclarias (Clarias gariepinus), common carp (Cyprinus carpio), tambaqui(Collossoma macropomum) and tilapia (Tilapia mossambica) as preys.Feeding behavior and prey preference of sangkuriang were compared withdumbo (control). Parameters were observed in this study included:aggressivity, time needed to recognize the prey, velocity to attack the prey,and number of preys eating by two variant of catfish. The study wasconducted in aquarium (artificial environment).Number of preys have been eaten by dumbo and sangkuriang wererecorded every 2 (two) hours along one day (24 hours). Data of eachparameter of dumbo and sangkuriang was compared. Data analysis was using mean difference comparison with t-test for independence variance andone way ANOVA used SPSS program release 12.0.In the feeding preference test, both of sangkuriang and dumbo wereprefer to attack juvenile of common carp and juveniles of clarias was secondpreference. But in the feeding test, both of sangkuriang and dumbopreferred to eat juvenile of clarias itself more than three other species.Feeding preference of two variant of catfish were influenced by their preybehavior. Juveniles of clarias were the weakest preys. When juveniles ofclarias needed oxygen, they would swim vertically to water surface. Its time,both sangkuriang and dumbo attacked juveniles of clarias on the weakestcondition.The time of sangkuriang ate maximum number of preys is between02.00 ? 04.00 a.m. This result is match with many other research and studiesthat say catfish is nocturnal fish. Dumbo ate preys maximum between 12.00? 14.00. There are many previous studies describe that on the special case,catfish can be active on daytime. Dumbo was more aggressive than sangkuriang. Time attacked itspreys by dumbo was faster than sangkuriang?s.. Dumbo was also morecannibal than sangkuriang. Sangkuriang ate preys more than dumbo. Bothof dumbo and sangkuriang can be serious threat if they enter into naturalenvironment, because they will attack endemic fishes."

"Flavobacterium columnare D. adalah bakteri penyebab penyakit columnaris yang menyebabkan kerugian besar pada produksi budidaya ikan seperti ikan lele (Clarias batrachus L.). Vaksin adalah pendekatan pilihan untuk mengontrol masalah penyakit yang berdasar pada kekebalan (selular dan humoral). Vaksin anti F. columnare dibuat dengan inaktivasi formalin 0,2% skala invitro. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mempelajari potensi imunogenik vaksin anti Flavobacterium columnare dan menganalisis kekebalan selular dan humoral pada budidaya ikan lele (Clarias batrachus L.). Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa vaksin anti Flavobacterium columnare dapat meningkatkan sintasan (survival rate) dari ikan lele (Clarias batrachus L.) hingga 30% dan booster tidak memberikan pengaruh yang besar terhadap sintasan (survival rate) dan relative percent survival (RPS). Analisis kekebalan selular antara ikan lele (Clarias batrachus L.) berfluktuasi sesuai dengan antigen yang diberikan. Kekebalan humoral dari ikan lele yang dibooster lebih tinggi dibandingkan ikan lele yang tidak dibooster. Penelitian mengindikasikan bahwa vaksin anti F. columnare dapat digunakan sebagai alternatif solusi untuk mengendalikan penyakit penyakit columnaris.

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Flavobacterium columnare D. is an agent of columnaris disease makes a loss in aquaculture product such as catfish (Clarias batrachus L.). Vaccine is choice approach to control the problem basic on cellular and humoral immunity. The vaccine is made by inactivation bacteria with 0,2% of formalin with invitro scale. The aims of this study to investigate immunogenic potential of anti F. columnare vaccine and to analyse cellular and humoral immune on catfish (Clarias batrachus L.). The result revealed that anti of F. columnare vaccine could increased the survival rate of catfish product up to 30% , and the booster not gave influence for survival rate and relative percent survival. Cellular immune of Clarias batrachus L. were fluntuative depend on the antigen. Humoral immune on catfish (Clarias batrachus L.) was increased by anti F. columnare vaccination with booster compared by without booster. This study indicated that anti F. columnare vaccination could be used as alternative solutions to control columnaris disease."

"Penelitian jumlah kromosom Asteraceae di lingkungan Kampus Universitas Indonesia (UI) Depok telah dilakukan sebelumnya pada tahun 2013. Dilaporkan bahwa jumlah kromosom 8 dari 21 spesies Asteraceae yang ada di lingkungan tersebut telah berhasil dihitung, dan 5 di antaranya memiliki variasi jumlah kromosom. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk melengkapi data jumlah kromosom Asteraceae yang ada di lingkungan Kampus UI Depok. Telah dilakukan penghitungan jumlah kromosom ujung akar Porophyllum ruderale, Youngia japonica, Cosmos caudatus, Synedrella nodiflora, Ageratum conyzoides, Cyanthillium cinereum, dan Chromolaena odorata pada bulan April hingga Juni 2015. Jumlah kromosom 5 spesies Asteraceae yang berhasil ditentukan adalah Cosmos caudatus (2n=ca.22, 2n=ca.26, 2n=ca.32, 2n=ca.36, 2n=ca.38, 2n=ca.40, dan 2n=ca.44), Synedrella nodiflora (2n=ca.18, 2n=ca.26, 2n=ca.29, 2n=ca.34, 2n=ca.36, 2n=37, 2n=39, dan 2n=40), Ageratum conyzoides (2n=37 dan 2n=ca.42), Cyanthillium cinereum (2n=9, 2n=16, dan 2n=18), dan Chromolaena odorata (2n=ca.40, 2n=ca.44, 2n=57, dan 2n=60). Cosmos caudatus, Synedrella nodiflora, Cyanthillium cinereum, dan Chromolaena odorata bersifat mixoploid. Mixoploidi tidak dapat ditentukan pada spesies Ageratum conyzoides.

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Study of chromosome number of Asteraceae at Universitas Indonesia (UI) Campus Depok has been conducted previously in 2013. Result has been reported on chromosome numbers of 8 from 21 Asteraceae species at Universitas Indonesia, and 5 of them have variation in chromosome number. This study was addressed to complete chromosome number data of Asteraceae at Universitas Indonesia Campus Depok. Root tips chromosome counting of Porophyllum ruderale, Youngia japonica, Cosmos caudatus, Synedrella nodiflora, Ageratum conyzoides, Cyanthillium cinereum, dan Chromolaena odorata has been done from April to June 2015. Result shows that 5 species chromosome numbers are Cosmos caudatus (2n=ca.22, 2n=ca.26, 2n=ca.32, 2n=ca.36, 2n=ca.38, 2n=ca.40, and 2n=ca.44), Synedrella nodiflora (2n=ca.18, 2n=ca.26, 2n=ca.29, 2n=ca.34, 2n=ca.36, 2n=37, 2n=39, and 2n=40), Ageratum conyzoides (2n=37 and 2n=ca.42), Cyanthillium cinereum (2n=9, 2n=16, and 2n=18), and Chromolaena odorata (2n=ca.40, 2n=ca.44, 2n=57, and 2n=60). Cosmos caudatus, Synedrella nodiflora, Cyanthillium cinereum, and Chromolaena odorata are mixoploid. Mixoploidy cannot be determined on Ageratum conyzoides."

"Penelitian untuk mengetahui pengaruh jenis pretreatment terhadap kromosom Hibiscus rosa-sinensis telah dilakukan sejak Agustus 2016 hingga Mei 2017. Penelitian menggunakan dua faktor yaitu faktor pretreatment air dingin, paradichlorobenzene PDB, hydroxyquinoline OQ dan PDB:OQ 1:1 dengan variasi lama perendaman 3 jam, 6 jam, 12 jam dan 24 jam. Pengaruh masing-masing pretreatment terhadap fase pembelahan sel dari pucuk batang dapat dilihat melalui persentase interfase, profase awal, profase akhir, metafase, anafase, dan telofase. Morfologi kromosom dan jumlah kromosom juga diamati. Jumlah profase awal dan profase akhir yang tinggi, serta jumlah interfase, metafase, anafase, dan telofase yang rendah digunakan untuk penentuan Pretreatment yang bekerja optimal. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan pretreatment air dingin dengan lama perendaman 3 jam merupakan pretreatment terbaik untuk observasi kromosom. Morfologi kromosom Hibiscus rosa-sinensis L. yang diperoleh berukuran kecil, dengan jumlah kromosom banyak 2n=ca 28 mdash;67 dan bersifat miksoploidi.

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Study to know the effect of pretreatment to Hibiscus rosa sinensis L. chromosome has been carried on since August 2016 to May 2017. There was 2 factors that used, the pretreatment factors cold water, paradichlorobenzene PDB, hydroxyquinoline OQ, and PDB combined with OQ 1 1 and the soaking time length factors 3 hours, 6 hours, 12 hours and 24 hours. The influence of each pretreatment to the phase of cell division of shoot tip could be seen through the percentage of interphase, early prophase, late prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase.

Chromosome morphology and chromosome number also could be observed. The high number of early and late prophase, as well as low number of interphase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase, indicate that the pretreatment was optimum.

The results showed that pretreatment with cold water in 3 hours was optimum condition for chromosome obervation. The chromosome of Hibiscus rosa sinensis L obtained in this study has small size with large amount in number 2n ca 28 mdash 67 and mixoploid."

"Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui adanya berbagai macam respons ikan karang yang berbeda terhadap Uji Antifeedant ekstrak kasar Stylissa massa dari Pulau Pramuka dan ekstrak kasar Stylissa massa Pulau Rambut. Menguji efektivitas Antifeedant dari masing-masing ekstrak kasar Stylissa massa. Uji Antifeedant dilakukan dengan menggunakan pakan perlakuan yang mengandung ekstrak kasar Stylissa massa serta pakan tanpa ekstrak kasar Stylissa massa sebagai kontrol, dalam bentuk kubus jeli 1 cm3 yang dikaitkan pada tali pancing. Pakan tersebut kemudian diujikan pada ikan di terumbukarang dan diamati respons ikan karang terhadap ekstrak kasar Stylissa massa serta dihitung jumlah .pakan yang dimakan dan tidak. Hasil uji statistik Chi-square pada taraf signifikasi (α) 0,01 menunjukkan bahwa terdapat pengaruh pemberian pakan perlakuan pada ketidaksukaan makan ikan.Berdasarkan hal tersebut maka ekstrak kasar Stylissamassa Pulau Pramuka dan Stylissa massa Pulau Rambut positif memiliki aktivitas Antifeedant terhadap ikan karang dan terdapat berbagai variasi respons ikan karang terhadap ekstrak kasar Stylissa massa Pulau Pramuka dan Stylissa massa Pulau Rambut.Diketahui bahwa Pulau Rambut dan Pulau Pramuka tercemar akan logam berat. Hasil analisis uji logam berat terbukti ekstrak kasar Stylissa massa Pulau Pramuka dan Pulau Rambut tercemar logam berat. Kadar logam berat mempengaruhi respons ikan terhadap pakan perlakuan.

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This study aims to determine the various responses of different reef fishes to the

Antifeedant Test of Stylissa massa raw extract from Pramuka Island and Stylissa massa raw extract from Rambut Island. Test the Antifeedant effectiveness of each of the Stylissa massa raw extracts. The antifeedant test was carried out using treated feed containing

Stylissa massa raw extract and feed without Stylissa massa raw extract as a control, in

the form of 1 cm3 jelly cubes attached to a fishing line. The feed was then tested on fish on coral reefs and observed the response of reef fish to Stylissa massa raw extract and the amount of feed that was eaten and not counted. The results of the Chi-square statistical

test at the significance level (α) 0.01 showed that there was an effect of feeding treatment

on fish eating dislike. Based on this, the Stylissa massa raw extract from Pramuka Island and Stylissa massa raw extract of Rambut Island had positive antifeedant activity against reef fishes There were various variations in the response of reef fish to the Stylissa massa raw extract from Pramuka Island and Stylissa massa raw extract from Rambut island. It is known that Rambut Island and Pramuka Island are polluted with heavy metals. The result of heavy metal test analysis proved that the Stylissa massa raw extract of Pramuka Island and Stylissa massa raw extract of Rambut Island was contaminated with heavy metals. Heavy metal content affects fish responses to treated feed."

"ABSTRAKIdentifikasi forensik sangat penting dalam penanganan kasus kriminal, kecelakaan, maupun bencana alam. Identifikasi forensik dilakukan untuk membantu proses investigasi dan mengembalikan korban kepada keluarga yang benar. Salah satu metode yang dapat dilakukan untuk membantu proses identifikasi forensik ialah analisis DNA dari sampel tulang. Tulang dipilih karena merupakan bagian tubuh yang paling awet dari proses pembusukan dan pelapukan dibandingkan bagian tubuh lainnya. Namun, tulang yang ditemukan di tempat kejadian perkara memiliki jumlah yang terbatas, sehingga penggunaan tulang untuk ekstraksi DNA harus seminimal mungkin. Tujuan dari penelitian adalah untuk mendapatkan berat sampel yang efisien sehingga tidak merusak bentuk tulang sebagai barang bukti, namun dapat menghasilkan kesimpulan yang kuat. Penelitian dilakukan dengan mengektraksi DNA dari sampel tulang femur yang telah dijadikan bubuk terlebih dahulu. Bubuk sampel tulang diekstraksi menggunakan metode ektraksi organik fenol-kloroform. Hasil ekstraksi DNA kemudian dikuantifikasi menggunakan Real-Time PCR (RT-PCR). Hasil kuantifikasi DNA sampel tulang dari berat 100 mg, 150 mg, 200 mg, 250 mg, dan 300 mg didapatkan persamaan regresi linear y = 0,032x + 0,417, dengan y = berat DNA dan x = berat sampel tulang. Berdasarkan perhitungan dari rumus persamaan tersebut, berat minimal sampel tulang adalah sebesar 18,22 mg untuk 1 ng DNA.

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ABSTRACTForensic identification is very important step for handling criminal, accident, and natural disaster cases. Forensic identification was done to assist the process of investigation and return the victim’s body back to their family. One of many methods that can help forensic identification process is DNA analysis from bone sample. Bone chosen because it’s weathering and decaying is slower than other tissues. Bones, found at the crime scene in limited amount, should be used with precaution. The aims of this research is to determine the minimum quantity of bone sample without damaging the bone profile as an evidence. Research was carried out by extracting DNA from femur bone samples that had been powdered beforehand. Bone powder samples were extracted using organic phenol-chloroform extraction. Quantification of DNA was performed by using Real-Time PCR (RT-PCR). The result of DNA quantification from bone samples quantity of 100 mg, 150 mg, 200 mg, 250 mg, and 300 mg were plotted to obtain linear regression equation y = 0,032x + 0,417, with y = DNA quantity and x = bone sample quantity. Derived from the equation, the minimum quantity of bone sample is 18,22 mg for 1 ng DNA. "

"Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) merupakan penyakit akibat infeksi Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) yang memiliki jumlah penderita tinggi di Indonesia. Salah satu upaya untuk mencegah bertambahnya jumlah penderita AIDS tersebut ialah dengan penggunaan vaksin. Poliprotein Gag merupakan protein penyusun struktur internal HIV yang dapat digunakan sebagai vaksin karena dapat menginduksi respon imun tubuh. Penelitian telah dilakukan untuk mengekspresikan poliprotein Gag HIV-1 subtipe CRF01_AE yang telah diinsersi ke dalam vektor ekspresi pQE-80L. Ekspresi poliprotein tersebut dilakukan di dalam bakteri Escherichia coli BL21 dan E. coli BL21-CodonPlus (CP) dengan induksi Isoprophyl-β-D-thiogalactopyranoside (IPTG). Pendeteksian poliprotein Gag hasil ekspresi dilakukan dengan metode Sodium Dodecyl Sulphate Polyacrilamide Gel Electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE). Setelah poliprotein berhasil dideteksi, poliprotein Gag kemudian dipurifikasi dengan menggunakan metode kromatografi afinitas Ni2+-NTA di bawah kondisi native. Poliprotein Gag HIV-1 subtipe CRF01_AE dapat diekspresikan dalam E. coli BL21 dan E. coli BL21-CP dengan berat molekul sebesar 55,3 kDa.

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Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) is a disease caused by infection of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) which has a high number of people in Indonesia. One of the efforts to prevent the increasing number of AIDS patients is the use of vaccine. Gag polyprotein is a constituent protein of HIV internal structure that can be used as a vaccine because it can induce immune response of the body. Research has been conducted to express the Gag polyprotein HIV-1 subtype CRF01_AE that have been cloned into the pQE-80L expression vector. Polyprotein expression was carried out in Escherichia coli BL21 and E. coli BL21-CodonPlus (CP) with Isoprophyl-β-Dthiogalactopyranoside (IPTG) induction. Detection of Gag polyprotein was performed by Polyacrilamide Sodium Dodecyl Sulphate Gel Electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) method. After successfully detected, Gag polyprotein then purified using Ni2+-NTA affinity chromatography under native condition. Gag polyprotein HIV-1 subtype CRF01_AE can be expressed in E. coli BL21 and E. coli BL21-CP with molecular weight is 55,3 kDa."