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"ABSTRAKPenelitian tentang keanekaragaman dan pendugaan kepadatan stokikan demersal dengan metode sapuan di perairan Aru, Propinsi Maluku,dilakukan sejak tanggal 4 sampai 9 Nopember 2006, menggunakan pukatdasar (bottom trawl). Pengambilan data dilakukan melalui survei pukatdasar menggunakan KR. Bawal Putih dengan lokasi pengambilan contohditetapkan sebanyak 36 stasiun. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahuiindeks keanekaragaman (H?), indeks dominansi spesies (C), indekskemerataan (J), komposisi hasil tangkapan, laju tangkap, pendugaankepadatan stok, dan biomassa spesies ikan demersal. Hasil penelitianmenunjukkan bahwa komposisi hasil tangkap ikan demersal adalah 65,9 %(6.065,9 kg) dari total hasil tangkap, yang terdiri dari 132 spesies dan 56famili. Ikan demersal yang banyak tertangkap adalah famili Leiognathidae(50,8%) diikuti Apogonidae (16,5%) dan Mullidae (8,3%). Tiga spesies yangbanyak tertangkap yaitu Leiognathus bindus (26,3%) Apogon sp.(16,5%)dan Leiognathus leusiscus (15,8%) yang umumnya tertangkap pada dasarperairan dengan kedalaman 20-30 m.Kisaran indeks keanekaragaman (H?) adalah 0,4940-2,5138 dengannilai tertinggi pada kedalaman 40-50 m, indeks dominansi (C) adalah0,0618-0,8041 dengan nilai tertinggi pada kedalaman 10-20 m, danindeks kemerataan (J?) adalah 0,0553-0,4236 dengan nilai tertinggi padakedalaman 40-50 m sehingga dapat dikatakan bahwa keanekaragaman spesies ikan demersal di perairan Aru adalah sedang dengan tidak adaspesies yang mendominasi dan penyebarannya tidak merata.Nilai laju tangkap ikan demersal adalah 173,2 kg/jam dengan nilailaju tangkap tertinggi pada perairan di kedalaman 20-30 m, (Leiognathusbindus 27,1 kg/jam tertinggi pada kedalaman 20-30 m, Apogon sp. 18,8kg/jam tertinggi pada kedalaman 50-60 m, dan Upeneus sulphureus 8,9kg/jam pada kedalaman 20-30 m; Arius thalassinus 87,4 kg/jam tertinggipada kedalaman 30-40 meter, Lutjanus malabaricus 12,2 kg/jam,kedalaman 50-60 meter tertinggi, dan Epinephelus sexfaciatus 6,9 kg/jam,tertinggi di kedalaman 40-50 meter). Dugaan kepadatan stok ikandemersal di perairan Aru adalah 4,4±0,2 ton/km2 (Leiognathus bindus, 0.7ton/km2, Apogon sp. 0,5 ton/km2, dan Upeneus sulphureus 0,2 ton/km2;Arius thalassinus 2,4 ton/km2, Lutjanus malabaricus 0,3 ton/km2, danEpinephelus sexfaciatus 0,2 ton/km2). Total biomassa ikan demersal diPerairan Aru diduga adalah sebesar 193.975±257 ton (Leiognathusbindus, 29.076 ton, Apogon sp. 20.769 ton, dan Upeneus sulphureus10.138 ton; Arius thalassinus 0,2 ton, Lutjanus malabaricus 0,1 ton, danEpinephelus sexfaciatus 0,1 ton)."

"The utilization of fisheries and maritime resources in Indonesia has not been done optimally. Therefore, the information about fisheries and maritime resources still becomes a serious problem. The exploration of fisheries and maritime resources should be supported with science and technology in order to determine the accurate, effective, efficient ways in maintaining the sustainability of the resources. Acoustic method is already wellknown as one of the methods in fisheries technology. The observation about Pelagic fish density and distribution using hydro acoustic as well as observation of oceanography condition in the western part of aceh waters conducted on August 6-8, 2005. The instruments used are SIMRAD EK 60 with its Split Beam Acoustic System to observe Pelagic fish density and distribution as well as CTD (Conductivity Temperature Depth) Seabird model SBE-119 for climate and salinity observation. The collection of data was performed by K.M. Bawal Putih within covering area approximately 5 mile, the distance from coastal area to the offshore is about 35 mile, and 4.898 area of research width in total. The horizontal distribution of pelagic fish is mostly influenced by land condition thus more pelagic fish were found at the neurotic area, which encompasses water mass lying down on the surface of the continent. This area contains same nutrient derived from coastal area. Because of the shallow depth, the water temperature remained warm. The research results show that the highest average density is located on Meulaboh waters (Leg 13, 14, and 15) within the density value about 1752 fish/1000 m3. This condition is predicted due to suitable climate and salinity of waters. The highest temperature was 290 C (temperature average 28,50 C) and the lowest salinity 32,82 PSU, it might be happen because of the runoff from the river (rivers in Meulaboh). However, vertically, most of the density value tend to decline along with the increase of depth, the highest density occur on level 1 (1 to 10 m) about 1745 fishes /1000 m2, whereas the lowest density found on the thermo cline layer at level 9 to 10 (80 - 100m) nearly 343 fishes/1000m3. Its condition can be happened due to the decrease of fish’s tolerant level on physical condition of thermo cline layer such as: temperature effect, salinity, intensity of light and also the decrease of food supplies. Target Strength data indicated that the different variation of fish sizes depends on its depth. On first layer, strength target frequency about 60 -dB 45 Db dominated the waters, it explains that the first level is dominated by small Pelagic fish or others but it has smaller size than deep water fish. Strength target value which is relatively lower was found on near-shore area, while the higher target is quite far from the coastal area. The value of temperature and salinity in the western part of Aceh seas vertically show the same method. The warm-thick isothermal layer was observed between 80 to 120 meters. Horizontally the temperature of sea surface is various from 28,65oC to 30,15oC. The sea surface temperature increases gradually form north to south, and show the decrease from coastal area to Hindia Ocean. Salinity of sea surface on west Aceh seas doesn’t show significant variation, between 32,8 PUS and 33,7 PSU. The salinity of coast area from north to south relatively low and gradually increases to Hindia Ocean. The lowest salinity was found near the Meulaboh waters. Correlation analysis using Spearman's rho test shows a negative correlation between depth parameter and temperature (-0.691), and density of fish (-0.336). It means that water temperature and fish density will decrease in increasing depth. Positive correlation is shown between depth and salinity parameters within number 0.842 it demonstrates that in western aceh seas, there are a big influence of river discharge to the surrounding area especially in lower salinity parameter on the surface."

"Berdasarkan data tahun 2019-2022 tercatat 17 kecelakaan kerja dilaporkan di dalam PT. XYZ, dari 17 kecelakaan, 14 terjadi di bagian produksi. Tujuan umum penelitian adalah menganalisis faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan kecelakaan kerja pada pekerja bagian produksi di PT. XYZ. Desain penelitian yang digunakan yaitu cross sectional. Populasi dan sampel 152 pekerja menggunakan  teknik sampling jenuh. Data yang digunakan yaitu data primer berasal dari kuesioner dan observasi serta data sekunder perusahaan. Analisis data menggunakan uji chi- square. Hasil penelitian  40,1% pekerja pernah mengalami kecelakaan kerja dengan jenis kecelakaan terbanyak adalah terjepit, sebagian besar pekerja memiliki umur dewasa, laki-laki, pendidikan menengah, masa kerja ≤ 5 Tahun, pola kerja shift, memiliki sikap positif, sering/sangat sering melakukan tindakan tidak aman, kelelahan rendah/menengah, kondisi fisik baik, pengawasan kurang baik, pelatihan baik, sosialisasi baik, sering/sangat sering mendapatkan APD tidak tepat, housekeeping kondusif dan sering/sangat sering bersinggungan dengan kondisi tidak aman. Kemudian ada hubungan antara pengetahuan, tindakan tidak aman, kondisi fisik, pelatihan dan kondisi tidak aman dengan kecelakaan kerja (p value < 0,05). Maka berdasarkan hasil penelitian diharapkan PT. XYZ selalu dapat melakukan perbaikan yang berkelanjutan dalam upaya pencegahan kecelakaan kerja.

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Based on data for 2019-2022, 17 work accidents were reported at PT. XYZ, out of 17 accidents, 14 occurred in production. The general objective of this research is to analyze the factors associated with work accidents in production workers at PT. XYZ. The research design used is cross sectional. The population and sample of 152 workers used saturated sampling technique. The data used are primary data derived from questionnaires and observations as well as secondary company data. Data analysis used the chi-square test. The results of the study 40.1% of workers had experienced work accidents with the most types of accidents being pinched, most workers were of mature age, male, secondary education, working period ≤ 5 years, shift work pattern, had a positive attitude, often/very often perform unsafe actions, low/medium fatigue, good physical condition, poor supervision, good training, good socialization, often/very often get inappropriate PPE, conducive housekeeping and often/very often intersect with unsafe conditions. Then there is a relationship between knowledge, unsafe actions, physical conditions, training and unsafe conditions with work accidents (p value <0.05). So based on the research results it is expected that PT. XYZ can always make continuous improvements in work accident prevention efforts."

"Caregiver anak dengan Down syndrome sering menghadapi tantangan feeding yang meningkatkan tekanan psikologis dan memengaruhi efektivitas feeding. Dukungan sosial berperan penting dalam membantu caregiver menurunkan tekanan psikologis dan meningkatkan efektivitas feeding. Penelitian ini bertujuan memberikan gambaran yang lebih mendalam terkait dukungan sosial bagi caregiver dalam menghadapi kesulitan feeding pada anak Down syndrome. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain kualitatif dengan metode pengumpulan data berupa observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Responden dipilih berdasarkan purposive sampling. Pengambilan data dilakukan terhadap tiga orang tua anak dengan Down syndrome berusia 2-5 tahun yang mengalami kesulitan makan di Kota Metro, Lampung, dan sekitarnya, selama periode Februari hingga April 2025. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa caregiver menerima berbagai bentuk dukungan sosial, yaitu: dukungan instrumental berupa bantuan menyuapi anak, pekerjaan rumah tangga, dan dukungan finansial dari pasangan atau keluarga; dukungan emosional dari pasangan, orang tua, dan komunitas orang tua disabilitas; dukungan informasi dari tenaga kesehatan dan sesama orang tua; serta dukungan persahabatan melalui interaksi sosial yang memperkuat ketahanan psikologis. Keberadaan berbagai bentuk dukungan sosial ini, terutama dari pasangan dan lingkungan terdekat, terbukti memiliki kontribusi penting dalam menjaga kesejahteraan psikologis caregiver dan efektivitas proses feeding.

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Caregivers of children with Down syndrome often face feeding challenges that increase psychological distress and affect feeding effectiveness. Social support plays a crucial role in helping caregivers reduce psychological distress and improve feeding effectiveness. This study aims to provide a more in-depth overview of social support for caregivers in addressing feeding difficulties in children with Down syndrome. This study used a qualitative design with data collection methods including observation, interviews, and documentation. Respondents were selected based on purposive sampling. Data collection was conducted on three parents of children with Down syndrome aged 2-5 years who experienced feeding difficulties in Metro City, Lampung, and surrounding areas, from February to April 2025. The results showed that caregivers received various forms of social support, namely: instrumental support in the form of assistance with feeding, household chores, and financial support from partners or family; emotional support from partners, parents, and the community of parents with disabilities; informational support from health workers and fellow parents; and friendship support through social interactions that strengthen psychological resilience. The existence of these various forms of social support, especially from partners and the immediate environment, has been shown to play a significant role in maintaining caregivers' psychological well-being and the effectiveness of the feeding process."