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ABSTRAK
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kuantitas dan kualitas pengungkapan CSR (Corporate Social Responsibility) dengan menggunakan pedoman pelaporan keberlanjutan GRI (Global Reporting Initiative) G4, yang terdiri dari sepuluh aspek, yaitu strategi dan organisasi, profil organisasi, aspek materiak dan boundaryteridentifikasi, hubungan dengan pemangku kepentingan, profil laporan, tata kelola, aspek dan integritas, ekonomi, lingkungan, dan sosial. Sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah perusahaan sektor pertambangan yang terdaftar di BEI tahun 2014 dan 2015 sebanyak 32 perusahaan. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah analisis deskriptif, dengan teknik analisis berupa content analysis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa rata-rata kuantitas dan kualitas pengungkapan CSR pada perusahaan sektor pertambangan tahun 2014 dan 2015 masih tergolong rendah.

Abstrak :
ABSTRAK
Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) is the second leading cause of death in adolescent groups in the world. In Indonesia, the rate of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infected adolescents increases annually. Yogyakarta, well known as the education city, has the highest number of HIV/AIDS cases in the productive age group of 20 29 years old, which means that they have been already infected with HIV since teen age. This study aimed to determine influential factors that affect adolescents attitude toward HIV/AIDS prevention. The study was an analytic survey research with a cross sectional design. Stratified random sampling was applied to select a sample size of 128 respondents of class XI at Muhammadiyah 3 Yogyakarta Senior High School in 2017. Data were taken by using questionnaires that had been tested for validity and reliability. Data were analyzed by chisquare test and logistic regression. The results revealed that most of the respondents received information on HIV/AIDS from media (47.7%), have a good knowledge level (82%), and support the prevention of HIV/AIDS (96.9%). The source of information and knowledge level had a statistically significant relation with adolescents attitude toward HIV/AIDS prevention. Knowledge level is the most influential factor to adolescents attitude toward HIV/AIDS prevention (p value = 0.006, PR = 1.199, 95% confidence interval = 1052 until 1367).

Abstrak :
The clinical use of the poorly water-soluble drug substance become inefficient by means of low level penetration of such kind drug in the body. Microemulsion is a dispersion system like an emulsion which could help to increase the solubility of poorly water-soluble drug. In this research, poorly water-soluble drug is made in a dosage form of microemulsion with Gamexan as a model. An experiment has been conduct by using benzyl benzoate as an oil phase, Tween 20 with variety concentration (35%;40%;45%) and sodium lauryl ether sulphate as surfactant components. The evaluation are consist of determining the amount of Gamexan in the microemulsion and stability test both physic and chemically. The result shows that all three of the microemulsion formula dosage form indicate good stability during two months of storing.

Abstrak :
Istilah ?Ramah Lingkungan? untuk kulit dapat diartikan sebagai kulit tersamak yang bebas krom. Hampir 80% penyamakan saat ini menggunakan krom, karena kemudahan dalam proses dan keunggulan dalam sifat-sifat fisis kulit samaknya. Namun saat ini masyarakat menghendaki suatu produk yang ramah lingkungan. Bahan penyamak nabati dapat dikatakan sebagai bahan penyamak ramah lingkungan sebab limbah produknya mudah terdegradasi. Salah satu kelemahan dalam penggunaan samak nabati adalah kemampuan penyerapan airnya yang tinggi. Pada penelitian ini digunakan bahan water repellent yang mempunyai sifat untuk menekan kemampuan penyerapan air. Maksud dari penelitian adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh dari water repellent pada penyerapan air, sifat-sifat fisis dan morfologi kulit yang disamak dengan bahan penyamak nabati. Penelitian dilakukan dengan memvariasi jumlah water repellent dari 5; 7,5; 10; 12,5 dan 15%. Sifat-sifat fisis yang didapatkan kemudian dibandingkan dengan analisis sidik ragam dengan taraf kepercayaan 95%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya penurunan dalam sifat penyerapan airnya walaupun tidak signifikan dari 77,6% menjadi 65,39%, penurunan kuat sobek dari 41,64 menjadi 20,05 kg/cm, kuat tarik dari 227,10 menjadi 163,53 kg/cm2 dan kemuluran dari 57,11 menjadi 49,68% masing-masing untuk water repellent berturut-turut 5 dan 15%, kuat bengkuk dan WVA tidak ada perubahan yang signifikan, sedangkan untuk WVP maksimum terjadi pada penggunaan water repellent 12,5%. Hasil SEM menunjukkn adanya lapisan tipis pada serat kulit yang dapat menghambat penyerapan air. ......The term of eco-friendly leather can be interpreted as chrome-free tanned leather. Recently, almost 80% of leather is tanned using chrome tanning agent because of the ease in processing and excellence of the physical properties. Nevertheless, people nowadays want an eco-friendly leather product. Vegetable tanning materials can be said as eco-friendly tanning material because their waste degrades easily. One of the weaknesses in the use of vegetable tanning is a high water absorption capability. In this research used a water repellent material that has the properties to suppress the ability of water absorption. The purpose of the research was to determine the effect of water repellent on physical properties and morphology of leather tanned by vegetable tanning materials. Because one of the weaknesses in the vegetable tanning is its high water absorption capability, in this research, water repellent was used and varied by 5; 7.5; 10; 12.5; and 15% . Physical properties obtained were compared with analysis of variance with the significance level of 95%. The water repellent increased from 5% to 15%. The results showed a decrease in water absorption capability from 77.6% to 65.39%, tearing strength from 41.64 to 20.05 kg/cm, tensile strength from 227.10 to 163.53 kg/cm2, and elongation at break from 57.11 to 49.68%, strong swelling and WVA have no significant changes, while for WVP, the maximum use of water repellent at 12.5%. SEM results indicate the presence of a thin layer on the leather fiber that can inhibit the absorption of water.

Abstrak :
Hyperglycemia in diabetes mellitus results in oxidative stress and increases complication development. Experimental studies have shown that chlorophyll has antioxidant activity and papaya leaves contained chlorophyll more than the other green vegetables. This study aimed to evaluate the antioxidant and hypoglycemic role in chlorophyll rich in papaya leaves on diabetic rats. Thirty six rats were randomly divided into 4 groups: without treatment (technique control/TC), diabetic (negative control/NC), diabetic with treatment A (100.3 mg/200 g BW of extract) and diabetic with treatment B (200.6 mg/200 g BW of extract). Diabetic induction was conducted by injecting streptozotocin 40 mg/kg BW intraperitoneally. Extract was given by nasogastric tube. Blood glucose level was measured using enzymatic colorimetric GOD-PAP test at before, after 20 and 40 days of treatment. Hepatic superoxide dismutation (SOD) level was measured after 40 days of treatment. Blood glucose levels in 3 diabetic groups were significantly raised after seven days of induction. In Anova and post hoc LSD analysis, both treatments had lower hepatic SOD level than TC (p = 0.01), and blood glucose level also decreased after given the treatment (p = 0.01). Treatment B had a better antioxidant and hypoglycemic role than treatment A.

Efek dari Klorofil di Daun Pepaya pada Dismutasi Superoksida dan Kadar Glukosa Darah Tikus Diabetes. Hiperglikemia pada pasien diabetes melitus menyebabkan stres oksidatif dan meningkatkan pengembangan komplikasi. Berbagai penelitian eksperimental telah memperlihatkan bahwa klorofil memiliki aktivitas antioksidan dan daun pepaya mengandung klorofil lebih banyak dari sayuran hijau lainnya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi peran antioksidan dan hipoglikemik pada kandungan klorofil di daun pepaya pada tikus diabetes. Tiga puluh enam tikus secara acak dibagi menjadi 4 kelompok: tanpa pengobatan (kontrol teknik/TC), diabetes (kontrol negatif/NC), diabetes dengan pengobatan A (100,3 mg /200 g BB ekstrak), dan diabetes dengan pengobatan B (200,6 mg/200 g BW ekstrak). Induksi diabetes dilakukan dengan menyuntikkan streptozotocin 40 mg/kg BW secara intraperitoneal. Ekstrak diberikan melalui tabung nasogastrik. Kadar glukosa darah diukur dengan menggunakan uji enzim kolorimetri GOD-PAP di sebelum, setelah 20 dan 40 hari pengobatan. Tingkat dismutasi superoksida (SOD) hati diukur setelah 40 hari pengobatan. Kadar glukosa darah pada 3 kelompok diabetes meningkat secara signifikan setelah tujuh hari induksi. Dalam analisa Anova dan uji lanjut LSD, kedua kelompok dengan pengobatan memiliki tingkat SOD hati lebih rendah dari TC (p = 0,01) dan kadar glukosa darah juga menurun setelah diberi pengobatan (p = 0,01). Pengobatan B memiliki peran antioksidan dan hipoglikemik lebih baik daripada pengobatan A.