"Dalam kurun waktu lima tahun terakhir ISPA terutama pneumonia masih merupakan penyumbang terbesar dalam kejadian kematian bayi di Indonesia pada umumnya dan di Kabupaten Sumedang khususnya. Hasil penelitian Depkes tahun 1997 menunjukkan penatalaksanaan kasus ISPA yang tepat dapat mencegah secara efektif sekitar 60-80 % kematian akibat pneumonia. Keadaan ini menjadi titik tolak Depkes untuk mengintensifkan program penanggulangan penyakit ISPA dengan salah satu program prioritasnya adalah meningkatkan kemampuan petugas dalam manajemen penatalaksanaan penyakit ISPA pada bayi yang dititikberatkan pada kepatuhan dalam pelaksanaan SOP ISPA. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengkaji pengaruh pelatihan terhadap tingkat kepatuhan petugas dalam pelaksanaan SOP ISPA dan dampaknya kepada kepuasan ibu bayi setelah memperoleh pelayanan oleh bidan di puskesmas.
Pendekatan penelitian adalah quasi experimental dan panel survey non equivalent group design. Ada dua sampel penelitian. Kelompok pertama yaitu 10 orang bidan puskesmas di wilayah bekas Pembantu Bupati Darmaraja dan Tanjungsari Kabupaten Sumedang yang diukur kepatuhan dalam pelaksanaan SOP ISPA sebelum dan sesudah pelatihan. Kelompok kedua adalah 110 ibu bayi yang membawa bayinya berobat ke puskesmas di lokasi yang sama dengan keluhan batuk/sesak. Tingkat kepuasannya diukur setelah memperoleh pelayanan. Kelompok kontrol dengan jumlah bidan dan ibu bayi yang sama di 10 puskesmas pada wilayah bekas Pembantu Bupati Kota dan Congeang di Kabupaten Sumedang. Tingkat kepatuhan bidan dalam pelaksanaan SOP ISPA dianalisa secara univariat untuk menilai distribusi frekuensi dan besarnya proporsi diantara sampel. Sedangkan Mc Nemar test dipergunakan untuk menilai pengaruh pelatihan terhadap tingkat kepatuhan.
Hasil analisa statistik menunjukkan rata-rata skor kepatuhan Bidan dalam pelaksanaan SOP ISPA dan skor kepuasan ibu bayi sebelum pelatihan pada kedua kelompok dalam keadaan setara. Dengan uji Mc Nemar menunjukkan bahwa kepatuhan sesudah pelatihan meningkat pada kelompok intervensi (p = 0,0001 dan OR = 5,8). Terdapat perbedaan proporsi tingkat kepuasan ibu bayi sebelum dan sesudah Bidan mendapat pelatihan (p = 0,028) dan ada hubungan yang bermakna antara tingkat kepatuhan Bidan dengan kepuasan ibu bayi (p = 0,018). Kesimpulan yang didapat, Bidan pada kelompok intervensi yang mendapat pelatihan manajemen penatalaksanaan ISPA mempunyai peningkatan skor kepatuhan lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan kelompok yang tidak mendapat pelatihan. Ibu bayi yang dilayani oleh Bidan pada kelompok intervensi mempunyai skor kepuasan lebih tinggi dibandingkan ibu bayi yang dilayani Bidan yang tidak mendapat pelatihan manajemen penatalaksanaan ISPA.
The Influence or Acute Respiratory Infection Management Training for Midwives of Community Health Centers and Its Impact on Baby Mothers' Satisfaction in Sumedang District, 2001/2002In the last five years acute respiratory infection (ARI) disease especially pneumonia has been the main contributor for the death of babies in Indonesia in general and in Sumedang District in particular. Data of Indonesian Ministry of Health research in 1997 showed that the appropriate management to handle ARI cases could effectively reduce the death of babies from pneumonia by 60 to 80 %. This data has been assigned as a basis to intensify the program of preventing AFT. One of the priorities of the program is to improve the capability of health providers in managing ARI prevention for babies emphasized on the health providers' compliance with conducting SOP of ARI.
This research is aimed to investigate the influence of training on the degree of health providers' compliance with conducting SOP of ARI and its impact on baby mothers' satisfaction on the quality of services from the community health centers' midwives.
This research employs quasi experimental and panel survey non equivalent group design. There were two groups of samples. The first group was 10 community health centers' midwives in the former region of Darmaraja and Tanjungsari Regent Assistant in Sumedang District who were measured their degree of compliance with managing ARI before and after they had been trained. The second group was 110 baby mothers who visited community health centers in the same place with coughs and short-winded complaints. Their satisfactions of the service quality were measured. The control group samples were the same number of midwives and baby mothers in 10 community health centers in the former regions of Sumedang City dan Congeang Regent Assistant in Sumedang District. The midwives' compliance with ARI management was subjected to univariate analysis to determine frequency distribution and proportion compliance among them. Further, Mc Nemar test was applied to determine whether or not the training influenced the degree of compliance.
Statistical analysis showed that, before the training, the average score of both midwives' compliance with conducting SOP of ARI and the baby mothers' satisfaction was equal. By Mc Nemar test, the data revealed that the degree of compliance had improved after they had been trained in the experimental group (p = 0.0001 and OR = 5.8). Furthermore, there was a different proportion of the degree of baby mothers' satisfaction before and after the midwives had been trained (p = 0.028). The degree of midwives' compliance is significant associated with the baby mothers' satisfaction (p = 0.018). It is concluded that the midwives from the experimental group who had been trained on ARI management have higher score of compliance than those who had not been trained. Accordingly, the baby mothers who received health services from the trained midwives have higher score of satisfaction than those who were served by the untrained midwives on ARI management."
