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"Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh dari kepemilikan sertifikasi terhadap produktivitas industri manufaktur di Indonesia. Produktivitas diukur dengan melihat nilai pertumbuhan Total Factor Productivity (TFP) dan sertifikasi diukur berdasarkan kepemilikan sertifikat SNI industri manufaktur. Penelitian ini menggunakan data panel dari Data Industri Besar dan Sedang periode tahun 2017 hingga 2019. Hasil estimasi menunjukkan bahwa kepemilikan sertifikasi SNI memiliki pengaruh positif terhadap pertumbuhan produktivitas total industri manufaktur di Indonesia.

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This study aims to analyze the effect of certification ownership on the productivity of the manufacturing industry in Indonesia. Productivity is measured by Total Factor Productivity (TFP) growth and certification is measured based on ownership of the SNI certificate in the manufacturing industry. This study uses panel data from Data Industri Besar dan Sedang (Large and Medium Industry Data) for the period 2017 to 2019. The estimation results show that ownership of SNI certification has a positive effect on the total productivity growth of the manufacturing industry in Indonesia."

"ABSTRAKUsing panel data from 42 developing countries in the year 1965-2010, this paper attempts to explain the impact of human capital (education) on economic growth under the endogenous growth theory. following the human capital and distance to frontier (DTF) growth model developed by Vandenbussche et al. (2006), henceforth VAM, human capital was defined as a weighted sum years of schooling, the proportion of educational attainment, and the fraction of skilled human capital. another two new definitions were proposed to articulate the importance of education structure, i.e. the relative share of educational attainment and continuing rate in tertiary education. A system generalised method of moments (GMM) estimation was undertaken, and the results show that the two proposed definitions of education are significant at least at 90 percent of confidence level on the total factor productivity (TFP) growth. hence, it is suggested that education structure matters for growth in developing countries."

"[ABSTRAK"Pertumbuhan ekonomi yang dicerminkan dalam pendapatan perkapita""suatu negara merupakan salah indikator keberhasilan pembangunan suatu negara. Beberapa penelitian membuktikan bahwa tingginya tingkat output perekonomian yang dihasilkan oleh negara maju sebagian besar ternyata bersumber dari variabel Total Factor Productivity (TFP) yang identik dengan kemajuan teknologi, unsur produktifitas ataupun efisiensi kerja. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kontribusi variabel TFP dalam pertumbuhan ekonomi Indonesia serta mengkaji berbagai faktor yang mempengaruhi pertumbuhan TFP. Metode perhitungan TFP yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah growth accounting, sedangkan metode yang digunakan terkait penelitian faktor-faktor yang memepengaruhi pertumbuhan TFP adalah metode Ordinary Least Square (OLS) dengan model regresi linear berganda berdasar data time series (1990-2012). Hasil Penelitian menunjukkan bahwa variabel pertumbuhan TFP merupakan variabel yang memberikan kontribusi rata-rata terkecil dalam pertumbuhan ekonomi Indonesia dibandingkan variabel modal dan tenaga kerja dengan angka kontribusi sebesar""11,70% dan angka dekomposisi dalam pertumbuhan ekonomi sebesar 0,55%. Dari hasil estimasi model didapatkan hasil bahwa faktor yang signifikan berpengaruh terhadap pertumbuhan TFP di Indonesia adalah inflasi, net ekspor, anggaran litbang dan tingkat pendidikan pekerja, sedangkan faktor yang tidak signifikan mempengaruhi pertumbuhan TFP adalah Foreign Direct Investment (FDI). Adapun faktor yang memberikan pengaruh paling kuat dalam pertumbuhan TFP adalah anggaran litbang pemerintah .

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ABSTRACTEconomic growth is reflected in a country's per capita income is oneindicator of the success of a country's development. Several studies have shownthat high levels of economic output generated by the developed countries derivedfrom Total Factor Productivity (TFP) variables, which is identical with theadvancement of technology, the element of productivity or efficiency of work.This study aims to analyze the contribution of TFP variables in Indonesia'seconomic growth and examine the various factors that affect the growth of TFP.TFP calculation method used in this research is the growth accounting, while theresearch methods used in relation to the factors that affect the growth of TFP isOrdinary Least Square (OLS) with a multiple linear regression model based ontime series data (1990-2012). Research shows that TFP growth variable is avariable that contributes the smallest in economic growth in Indonesia comparedto the variable capital and labor with acontribution rateof11.70% and thenumberofdecompositionineconomicgrowthby 0.55%.From the results of the modelestimation showed that the factors that significantly affect TFP growth inIndonesia is inflation, net exports, R & D expenditure and education level ofworkers, while not significant factors affecting the growth of TFP is ForeignDirect Investment (FDI). Factor that provide the most impact in TFP growth is thegovernment R & D expenditure.;Economic growth is reflected in a country's per capita income is oneindicator of the success of a country's development. Several studies have shownthat high levels of economic output generated by the developed countries derivedfrom Total Factor Productivity (TFP) variables, which is identical with theadvancement of technology, the element of productivity or efficiency of work.This study aims to analyze the contribution of TFP variables in Indonesia'seconomic growth and examine the various factors that affect the growth of TFP.TFP calculation method used in this research is the growth accounting, while theresearch methods used in relation to the factors that affect the growth of TFP isOrdinary Least Square (OLS) with a multiple linear regression model based ontime series data (1990-2012). Research shows that TFP growth variable is avariable that contributes the smallest in economic growth in Indonesia comparedto the variable capital and labor with acontribution rateof11.70% and thenumberofdecompositionineconomicgrowthby 0.55%.From the results of the modelestimation showed that the factors that significantly affect TFP growth inIndonesia is inflation, net exports, R & D expenditure and education level ofworkers, while not significant factors affecting the growth of TFP is ForeignDirect Investment (FDI). Factor that provide the most impact in TFP growth is thegovernment R & D expenditure.;Economic growth is reflected in a country's per capita income is oneindicator of the success of a country's development. Several studies have shownthat high levels of economic output generated by the developed countries derivedfrom Total Factor Productivity (TFP) variables, which is identical with theadvancement of technology, the element of productivity or efficiency of work.This study aims to analyze the contribution of TFP variables in Indonesia'seconomic growth and examine the various factors that affect the growth of TFP.TFP calculation method used in this research is the growth accounting, while theresearch methods used in relation to the factors that affect the growth of TFP isOrdinary Least Square (OLS) with a multiple linear regression model based ontime series data (1990-2012). Research shows that TFP growth variable is avariable that contributes the smallest in economic growth in Indonesia comparedto the variable capital and labor with acontribution rateof11.70% and thenumberofdecompositionineconomicgrowthby 0.55%.From the results of the modelestimation showed that the factors that significantly affect TFP growth inIndonesia is inflation, net exports, R & D expenditure and education level ofworkers, while not significant factors affecting the growth of TFP is ForeignDirect Investment (FDI). Factor that provide the most impact in TFP growth is thegovernment R & D expenditure., Economic growth is reflected in a country's per capita income is oneindicator of the success of a country's development. Several studies have shownthat high levels of economic output generated by the developed countries derivedfrom Total Factor Productivity (TFP) variables, which is identical with theadvancement of technology, the element of productivity or efficiency of work.This study aims to analyze the contribution of TFP variables in Indonesia'seconomic growth and examine the various factors that affect the growth of TFP.TFP calculation method used in this research is the growth accounting, while theresearch methods used in relation to the factors that affect the growth of TFP isOrdinary Least Square (OLS) with a multiple linear regression model based ontime series data (1990-2012). Research shows that TFP growth variable is avariable that contributes the smallest in economic growth in Indonesia comparedto the variable capital and labor with acontribution rateof11.70% and thenumberofdecompositionineconomicgrowthby 0.55%.From the results of the modelestimation showed that the factors that significantly affect TFP growth inIndonesia is inflation, net exports, R & D expenditure and education level ofworkers, while not significant factors affecting the growth of TFP is ForeignDirect Investment (FDI). Factor that provide the most impact in TFP growth is thegovernment R & D expenditure.]"

"Nilai produksi dari rokok putih di Indonesia selama tahun 2006 hingga 2010 memiliki trend yang negatif sebesar -11,82%. Sebaliknya, faktor-faktor input - seperti tenaga kerja dan bahan baku- yang digunakan memiliki trend yang positif. Ketika faktor-faktor input meningkat sedangkan outputnya menurun, maka perlu dicari faktor-faktor lain yang dapat mempengaruhi penurunan output melalui Total Faktor Produktivitas.Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini memiliki tujuan untuk dapat membantu industri rokok putih dalam menentukan kombinasi faktor-faktor input, melalui elastisitas input terhadap produksinya dan determinan yang dapat mempengaruhi produktivitas industri rokok putih di Indonesia.Hasil penelitian ini memperlihatkan Kapital, Tenaga Kerja & Bahan Baku signifikan mempengaruhi output Industri Rokok Putih di Indonesia. Sedangkan tarif bea masuk impor, produktivitas tenaga kerja, ineffisiensi dan konsentrasi industri seluruhnya signifikan mempengaruhi Pertumbuhan Total Faktor Produktivitas nya.

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The production value of white cigarettes in Indonesia during 2006 and 2010 had a negative trend of -11.82%. On the contrary, the input factors used -such as labor and raw materials- had a positive trend. When input factors used increases and the output decreases, it is necessary to look for other factors that can affect a decrease in output through the Total Factor Productivity.Hence, the objectives of this study is to help the white cigarettes industry in determining a combination of factors input, through the input?s elasticity of production and determinants that can affect the productivity of white cigarette industry in Indonesia.This study shows Capital, Labor & Raw Material significantly affect output in white cigarette industry. While import tariffs, labor productivity, inefficiency and concentration significantly affect its Total Factor Productivity Growth."

"The primary objective of this paper is to investigate the competitiveness issues on three manufacturing sub-sectors in Indonesia, namely the auto parts, garment and personal computer industries. Competitiveness is defined as the ability to compete in international markets. At the present stage of technology maturity, R & D has not been an important factor in affecting the competitiveness of these industries. In general the Indonesian business climate is not conductive to the development of full manufacturing industry and let alone R&D development by electronic industry. Beside the threat of smuggled goods, various tax policies by labor regulations have made it difficult for manufacturing firms to compete with imported goods. In term of conduct, becoming a member of a larger group is very important to penetrate export markets, and thus is very important to boost competitiveness. Another important variable affecting competitiveness is access to financial and capita markets which a major obstacle for firms after the crisis."

"Tesis ini menelaah mengenai pertumbuhan total factor productivity (TFP) dalam sektor pengolahan Indonesia selama periode 1975-2002. Enam pertanyaan penelitian diajukan dalam study ini, yaitu: berapa besar tingkat pertumbuh an PSF industri pengolahan Indonesia; bagaimana pola variasi pola pertumbuhan PSF menurut jenis industri manufaktur; berapa besar elastisitas substitusi faktor produksi kapital-tenaga kerja industri manufaktur Indonesia; berapa besar pengaruh upah riel dalam menjelaskan pengerjaan, produktivitas, dan pangsa faktor tenaga kerja sektor industri manufaktur Indonesia; berapa besar pengaruh perubahan teknologi dalam menjelaskan pengerjaan, produktivitas, dan pangsa faktor tenaga kerja sektor industri manufaktur Indonesia; apakah upah riel merupakan variabel yang eksogen dalam sistem produksi industri manufaktur Indonesia. Metode analisis data yang digunakan di sini adalah dengan menerapkan model-model ekonometrika terhadap data runtut waktu. Dari pendugaan model-model tersebut didapati bahwa selama periode pengamatan, tingkat pertumbuhan TFP sektor pengolahan Indonesia cukup tinggi, jadi perubahan teknologi memiliki peran yang berarti dalam menjelaskan berbagai variabel yang diamati. Elastisitas substitusi di sebagian besar industri lebih kecil dari satu. Sedangkan upah riel hampir seluruhnya tidak eksogen dalam sistem produksi sektor pengolahan Indonesia.

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This thesis analyses the total factor productivity (TFP) growth rate in Indonesian manufacturing sector during 1975-2002. Six research questions raised in this study are: what is the growth rate of TFP in Indonesian manufacturing; how does it vary according to the major industrial group; what is the magnitude of capital-labor elasticity of substitution in Indonesian manufacturing; how much do real wages explain employment, productivity, and labor share; how much do technological changes explain employment, productivity, and labor share; are real wages exogenous in the production system. Econometric models were estimated on time series data. The regressions ran found in overall the growth rates of TFP are high enough, thus showing its importance in explaining variables observed. The elasticity of substitution in most industries are well below one, hence significantly deny the assumption of Cobb-Douglas production function. The real wages, however, are not exogenous in most of the industries studied."

"ABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi dan memberikan bukti baru adanya R&D spillovers yang didapatkan oleh perusahaan pada sektor industri manufaktur di Indonesia serta membuktikan secara empiris bahwa perdagangan adalah channel utama transmisi R&D spillovers. Penelitian ini membangun konsep bahwa dengan adanya R&D spillovers , perusahaan akan mendapatkan potensi benefit berupa TFP growth. Bukti empiris menunjukkan adanya R&D spillovers yang didapatkan oleh perusahaan pada sektor industri manufaktur di Indonesia dan perdagangan merupakan channel /jalur utama terjadinya transmisi R&D spillovers .

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ABSTRACT

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This paper is intended to identify and argue that Firms R&D spillovers are present in Manufacturing Sectors in Indonesia and demonstrate empirically the primary channel of R&D spillovers is via trade. This paper develop the concept that regarding the presence of R&D spillovers, a firm can have potential benefit in the form of TFP growth . The results show that there are R&D spillovers in which Firms can benefit to and the main channel for spillovers between manufacturing sectors is via trade."

"Sebagai kontributor terbesar pada total Produk Domestik Bruto, sektor manufaktur Indonesia memegang peranan penting dalam meningkatkan pertumbuhan ekonomi. Namun pertumbuhan sektor manufaktur ini masih belum stabil dan realisasinya masih dibawah target yang diharapkan. Di satu sisi, dengan meneliti tingkat pertumbuhan TFP maka pertumbuhan ekonomi secara keseluruhan dapat dijelaskan. Di sisi lain, litbang dan klaster industri merupakan salah satu faktor penting yang berperan dalam meningkatkan pertumbuhan TFP. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meneliti faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi TFP, khususnya efek dan kegiatan litbang dan lokasi perusahaan di dalam klaster industri. Penelitian ini menggunakan balanced panel data dari empat sektor terpilih di Industri Besar dan Sedang Indonesia yaitu sektor kimia, tekstil, makanan dan metal pada periode 2003 sampai 2013. Penelitian ini meenggunakan metode stochastic frontier untuk menghitung efisiensi dan dekomposisi dari TFP. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa pertumbuhan TFP pada sektor kimia, metal, makanan dan tekstil secara berurutan adalah sebesar 5.8, 3.3, 7.3 and 6.4. Technical progress adalah kontributor terbesar terhadap pertumbuhan TFP untuk semua sektor. Hasil penelitian juga menunjukan bahwa aktifitas litbang berpengaruh positif terhadap tingkat pertumbuhan TFP pada sektor makanan dan kimia. Sedangkan klaster industri menunjukan pengaruh positif terhadap TFP growth untuk sektor makanan, tekstil dan metal. Pada sektor kimia, klaster industri berpengaruh negatif pada tingkat pertumbuhan TFPnya.

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Indonesian manufacturing sector plays a key role in the effort to improve economic growth for making the largest contribution to the total GDP. However, the growth of manufacturing sector is still unstable and the realization of its growth is still below the expected target. On one hand, examining the total factor productivity TFP growth can help to explain the overall economic growth. On the other hand, R D and industrial clustering have been considered as an important factor to improve the efficiency that leads to a higher TFP growth.

This study attempts to examine the source that mainly driven the TFP and the determinant of TFP growth particularly the effect of R D activity and firms rsquo location in the industrial cluster, since specific studies that investigate the effect of both factors are still limited. This study uses balanced panel data of Indonesian large and medium manufacturing firms in the chemical, textile, food and metal sectors for the period from 2003 to 2013. This study employs stochastic frontier analysis to calculate the efficiency and TFP growth decomposition.

The finding shows that TFP growth on the chemical, metal, food and textile sector are 5.8 , 3.3 , 7.3 and 6.4, respectively. The technical progress mainly contributes to TFP growth of all four sectors. Additionally, the result also shows that the R D activity significantly affects the growth of TFP in the food and chemical sectors. Furthermore, the industrial cluster positively affects TFP growth in the food and textile and metal sectors, while it negatively affects the TFP growth in the chemical sector."

"Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis apakah terjadi kondisi learning by exporting pada industri manufaktur di Indonesia. Kondisi tersebut menunjukkan pengaruh yang positif dari kegiatan ekspor produk manufaktur terhadap pertumbuhan produktivitas industri yang diukur dari produktivitas tenaga kerja dan produktivitas faktor total (TFP). Selain itu, penelitian ini juga menganalisis dampak produktivitas industri dari ekspor ke beberapa negara mitra dagang utama Indonesia. Hasil dari analisis ini diharapkan dapat digunakan sebagai dasar pengambilan kebijakan untuk memperkuat strategi program promosi ekspor Indonesia, sekaligus meningkatkan daya saing industri nasional. Periode penelitian diambil mulai kurun waktu tahun 2003 sampai dengan tahun 2008 dengan menggunakan data panel dari Survei Industri Besar dan Sedang, dan data ekspor Indonesia. Hasil estimasi menunjukkan bahwa kegiatan ekspor berpengaruh positif terhadap produktivitas tenaga kerja dan produktivitas faktor total (TFP) dari industri manufaktur Indonesia, serta terdapat heterogeneitas pengaruh negara tujuan ekspor terhadap produktivitas perusahaan/industri. Penelitian ini juga menunjukkan dampakyangsaling bertolakbelakang akibat implementasi perjanjian kawasan perdagangan bebas (FTA) ASEAN-China terhadap kedua produktivitas tersebut.

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This study aimed to analyze whether the condition of learning by exporting are happened in the manufacturing industry of Indonesia. This condition indicate a positive influence on the export of manufactured products to the growth of industrial productivity as measured by labor productivity and total factor productivity (TFP). In addition, this study also analyzes the impact of industrial productivity of exports to several countries of Indonesia's major trading partners. The results of this analysis are expected to be used as a basis for policy making to strengthen Indonesia's export promotion program strategy, while enhancing the competitiveness of the national industry. The study took a period from 2003 to 2008 by using panel data from the Survei Industri Besar dan Sedang (Survey of Large and Medium Enterprises), and Indonesian export data. The result of estimation indicate that exporting gives a positive effect to labor productivity and total factor productivity (TFP) of the Indonesian manufacturing industry, and there is heterogeneity of the effect of export destinations to the industrial productivity. This study also demonstrates the contradicting impact of the free trade area agreement ( FTA ) between ASEAN and China to the productivity of Indonesian manufacturing industry."

"Salah satu industri andalan masa depan adalah industri kendaraan bermotor (otomotif) dimana telah menjadi salah satu industri prioritas dalam memacu pertumbuhan ekonomi. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengetahui pengaruh pertumbuhan produktivitas (TFP) dan input-input produksi terhadap pertumbuhan sektor industri otomotif. Selain itu juga untuk mengetahui seberapa besar kontribusi pertumbuhan Produktivitas (TFP), modal, tenaga kerja dan bahan baku terhadap pertumbuhan sektor industri otomotif selama kurun waktu 2003-2006. Observasi dilakukan terhadap Industri otomotif berdasarkan data per ISIC 4 angka versi 3 (International Standard Industrial Classification) terdiri ISIC 34100, ISIC 34200, ISIC 34300, ISIC 35911, ISIC 35912. Dalam mendapatkan nilai TFP industri otomotif ini, menggunakan teknik residual Solow dengan model fungsi produksi Cobb-Douglas. Pada fungsi produksi tersebut menggunakan variabel dependen nilai output industri dan variabel independen berupa kapital, tenaga kerja dan bahan baku. Setelah mendapatkan nilai TFP kemudian dilakukan pengujian terhadap variabel status kepemilikan, ukuran perusahaan, intensitas kapital, serta HHI pada industri kendaraan bermotor. Dari hasil pengujian tersebut pada variabel kepemilikan perusahaan dan ukuran perusahaan signifikan terhadap nilai TFP. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa TFP untuk industri kendaraan bermotor milik PMA lebih besar dibandingkan milik lokal kecuali pada industri kendaraan roda 2, TFP industri kendaraan bermotor roda 4 memiliki TFP lebih tinggi dari industri kendaraan bermotor lainnya. Dengan demikian secara rata-rata industri milik asing memiliki pertumbuhan teknologi lebih tinggi dibandingkan milik lokal. Hal ini dikarenakan industri kendaraan bermotor asing lebih banyak menggunakan teknologi yang dibawa dari pihak prinsipal untuk melakukan transfer teknologi dalam proses produksi. Pada perhitungan nilai kontribusi untuk faktor input lebih berpengaruh daripada faktor teknologi dalam meningkatkan pertumbuhan output industri kendaraan bermotor. Kontribusi faktor bahan baku sangat mempengaruhi dalam pertumbuhan output industri kendaraan bermotor dibandingkan faktor modal dan tenaga kerja.

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One of the mainstay industries for the future is the motor vehicle industry (automotive) which has become one of the priority industries in spurring economic growth. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of productivity growth (TFP) and production inputs on the growth of the automotive industry sector. In addition, it is also to determine how much the contribution of productivity growth (TFP), capital, labor and raw materials to the growth of the automotive industry sector during the period 2003-2006. Observations were made on the automotive industry based on data per ISIC 4 number version 3 (International Standard Industrial Classification) consisting of ISIC 34100, ISIC 34200, ISIC 34300, ISIC 35911, ISIC 35912. In obtaining the TFP value of the automotive industry, using the Solow residual technique with the Cobb-Douglas production function model. The production function uses the dependent variable the value of industrial output and the independent variable in the form of capital, labor and raw materials. After obtaining the TFP value, the variables of ownership status, company size, capital intensity, and HHI are tested in the TFP of  motor vehicle industry. From the test results, the variable company ownership and company size are significant to the TFP value. The results of the analysis show that the TFP for the motorized vehicle industry owned by PMA is greater than that for locally owned vehicles except for the 2-wheeled vehicle industry, the TFP for the 4-wheeled motorized vehicle industry has a higher TFP than other motorized vehicle industries. Thus, on average, foreign-owned industries have higher technological growth than locally owned industries. This is because the foreign motorized vehicle industry uses more technology brought from the principal to transfer technology in the production process. In calculating the contribution value for the input factor is more influential than the technology factor in increasing the growth of motorized vehicle industry output. The contribution of raw material factors greatly affects the growth of motorized vehicle industry output compared to the factors of capital and labor."