Hasil Pencarian  ::  Simpan CSV :: Kembali

"Dilaporkan kasus seorang perempuan Bali, berumur 33 tahun, agama Hindu dengan nodul multipel sistiserkosis di bawah kulit dan otak. Ditemukan gejala kejang sejak remaja yang kemudian tidak diobati. Sejak tiga tahun sebelum dirawat di rumah sakit, penderita menemukan nodul multipel di dalam kulit, mulai pada dahi dan sejak setahun yang lalu juga di bagian lain dari kepala dan tubuh, seperti pada bahu, dada dan punggung. Ternyata sampel serum yang diperiksa dengan cara immunoblot positif terhadap antigen Taenia solium. Hasil tes kopro-antigen yang juga positif memberi petunjuk adanya cacing dewasa T. solium di usus. Penderita diterapi dengan prazikuantel terhadap infeksi dengan cacing dewasa dan kemudian dengan albendazol terhadap stadium larva, yang berupa kista. Tidak berhasil ditemukan cacing dewasa di dalam tinja 24 jam. Setelah tiga minggu jumlah kista yang teraba di dalam kulit sangat berkurang, demikian juga di dalam otak. Setelah setahun tes imunoblot masih positif. (Med J Indones 2002; 11: 169-73)

---

A case of multiple subcutaneous and cerebral cysticercosis in a 33-year-old Balinese female, is reported. The patient suffered from seizures since adolescence, which was not treated. Since three years before admission she started developing multiple nodules in the skin, starting from her forehead and since a year ago also in other parts of the head and body such as shoulders, chest and back. Serum sample tested against cysticercus antigen by immunoblot assay against antigen of Taenia solium was positive. The copro-antigen test was also positive, indicating the presence of the adult worm in the intestines. The patient was treated with praziquantel for the adult T. solium infection and thereafter with albendazole for the larval stages, which resulted in obvious reduction of the cerebral cysts and most of the subcutaneous nodules disappeared. However the adult worm was not recovered in the 24 hours stool specimen and after one year the immunoblot test was still positive. (Med J Indones 2002; 11: 169-73)"

"ABSTRACTA 46-years-old man from Indonesia, resides in Nagori Dolok Village, Silau Kahaean Subdistrict, Simalungun District, Sumatra Utara Province, had of spontaneous discharge of tapeworm segments (proglottids) from anus almost every day for ten years. There were 1-5 segments which can move actively discharge per day. Although he feels embarrassed about the condition, no significant symptoms were found, and physical examination was within normal limits. Clinical diagnosis of Taeniasis was made on October 20, 2017, and subsequently received oral Praziquantel 600 mg tablet single dose and 5 mg of oral Bisacodyl. Four hours later, the patient was defecated. The stool was collected in plastic and filtered with a filter device to collect any tapeworm segments.A full segment of tapeworm as long as 2.86 meters were found. Microscopic examination was done to identify the egg worms, proglottids, and scolex. Dye substance was injected into a mature gravid proglottid through the genital pore and pressed in two object-glasses to identify the reproductive organs. Microscopic examination (400x magnification) of this sample revealed that the number of uterine branches and testes in a proglottid were 16 pairs. The number of uterine branches in T. solium are 8-12 pairs and T. saginata are 18-32 pairs.The filtered stool was moved into a container and carefully observed. A soft yellowish-white material of 1.5 mm in diameter was found, which turned out to be the head of the tapeworm called Scolex. Microscopic examination of scolex revealed that the rostellum was absent. A segment called snou was found at the apex. The functions were probably as a sense of smell and vacuum organ.The patient was lived in Simalungun, North Sumatera, some tribe in that area has a long tradition of culinary called Hinasumba, consist of raw pork liver and meat, and Naiholat consist of poorly cooked pork.Even though pig was determined as an intermediate host, the type of tapeworm was not consistent with T.solium. The patient had the long history of infection but never had sign or symptoms of neurocystecercosis. Based on etno-geographical condition, the patient was infected by T.asiatica. Microscopic examination of the uterus and scolex indicate that the tapeworm had most similarity to T.asiatica.Amin et al.8 from Bangladesh in 2009 reported a case of T. asiatica in human with total strobila length was 1.5 meters. Macroscopic morphology (length:width) of gravid proglottid segment of T.saginata is 3:1, T. solium 1.5:1. The tapeworm that we discovered had 1-1.5:1 ratio (2.5 cm length and 2 cm width).Some features of the tapeworm (no rostellum, present of the snout, and fix number of theuterus in every proglottid) were not found in three existing type of Taenia species. Further microscopic and molecular study should be done to determined type or subtype of the tapeworm.A case of taeniasis asiatica who had completed treatment was reported. Macroscopic and microscopic was done to support the clinical diagnosis."

"Pendahuluan: Taeniasis, infeksi cacing pita Taenia spp., merupakan penyakit yang masih endemik di beberapa daerah di Indonesia. Data prevalensi taeniasis Taenia solium di Kabupaten Sumba Barat Daya, Propinsi Nusa Tenggara Timur belum tersedia, sedangkan masyarakatnya diketahui memiliki ternak babi dan mempunyai kebiasaan mengonsumsi daging yang tidak matang, yang dapat meningkatkan risiko paparan terhadap larva T. solium. Uji serologi menggunakan metode ELISA diketahui memiliki sensitivitas dan spesifisitas yang lebih baik dibandingkan pemeriksaan mikroskopis, sehingga dapat dimanfaatkan untuk mendiagnosis taeniasis T. solium. Studi ini bertujuan mendapatkan seroprevalensi taeniasis T. solium di sebuah desa di Kabupaten Sumba Barat Daya, beserta hubungan usia dan jenis kelamin terhadap positivitas IgG anti-rES33. Metode: Sebanyak 110 sampel plasma diperiksa menggunakan metode ELISA untuk mendeteksi kadar antibodi IgG anti-rES33, yang dinyatakan dalam satuan absorbansi densitas optik (OD). Data usia dikelompokkan ke dalam 2 kategori (anak dan dewasa) dan 4 kategori (5-10, 11-20, 21-35, dan >35 tahun). Hasil: Seroprevalensi taeniasis T. solium pada sampel Desa Karang Indah ditemukan sebesar 17,3%. Hasil IgG anti-rE33 positif ditemukan lebih tinggi secara signifikan pada kelompok anak-anak (26,4%) dibandingkan dewasa (8,8%) (p=0,014), dengan seroprevalensi tertinggi (25,6%) pada kelompok usia 5-10 tahun. Kelompok perempuan secara signifikan memiliki seroprevalensi yang lebih tinggi (23,8%) dibandingkan laki-laki (8,5%) (p=0,036). Kesimpulan: Usia dan jenis kelamin berhubungan signifikan dengan seroprevalensi taeniasis T. solium pada sampel Desa Karang Indah. Dibutuhkan penelitian lebih lanjut untuk mengetahui mekanisme terkait usia dan jenis kelamin yang menyebabkan perbedaan tersebut.

---

Introduction: Taeniasis, a tapeworm infection caused by adult Taenia species, can be found endemic in several regions in Indonesia. Data on prevalence of Taenia solium taeniasis in Southwest Sumba Regency, East Nusa Tenggara is not available, even though most of its residents work as pig farmers and consume undercooked pork, which may increase exposure to T. solium larvae. Serologic test using ELISA method was found to be more sensitive and specific than miroscopic examination, thus useful for diagnosing T. solium taeniasis. The purpose of this study was to determine the seroprevalence of T. solium taeniasis in one of the villages in Southwest Sumba Regency, as well as its association with age and gender.

Methods: A total of 110 plasma samples were examined using ELISA method to detect the concentration of anti-rES33 IgG, expressed in optical density (OD). Subjects were divided into age groups of 2 (children and adults) and 4 categories (5-10, 11-20, 21-35, and >35 years old).

Results: Seroprevalence of T. solium taeniasis was found to be 17.3%. Seroprevalence was significantly higher among children (26.4%) compared to adults (8.8%) (p=0.014), the highest being in the 5-10 year-old category (25.6%). Seroprevalence was also higher among females (23.8%) compared to males (8.5%) (p=0.036).

Conclusion: Age and gender were significantly associated with the seroprevalence of T. solium taeniasis in the samples from Karang Indah Village. Further research is needed to determine mechanisms related to age and gender which cause this association."

"Latar Belakang. Taenia solium merupakan parasit yang dapat mengakibatkan taeniasis dan sistiserkosis, tergantung pada fase parasit saat menginfeksi. Manusia diketahui merupakan host definitif dari parasit ini. Sebagai salah satu area endemik filariasis limfatik dan cacing yang ditularkan melalui tanah, Sumba Barat Daya memiliki kualitas sanitasi dan pola hidup higienis yang masih buruk. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari pengaruh dari pemberian pengobatan masal untuk filariasis limfatik pada seroprevalensi taeniasis dan sistiserkosis. Metode. Studi ini merupakan studi pre dan post dengan menggunakan data sekunder yang sebelumnya telah diambil oleh tim peneliti filariasis, Departemen Parasitologi, Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Indonesia. Terdapat 70 partisipan lokal yang terlibat pada penelitian ini. Pada tahun 2016, tim peneliti mengambil sampel darah sebelum melakukan pemberian pengobatan masal berupa albendazol (400 mg) dan dietilkarbamazine (6 mg/kg Berat Badan), dosis tunggal. Satu tahun kemudian, tim peneliti mengambil darah pada partisipan yang sama. Antibodi IgG terhadap rekombinan rES33 (untuk taeniasis) dan rT24H (untuk sistiserkosis) diukur dengan ELISA. Hasil kemudian dibandingkan diantara dua titik waktu. Usia dan jenis kelamin dianalisis sebagai faktor pemberat potensial.Hasil. Satu tahun setelah pemberian pengobatan masal, seroprevalensi positif menurun dari 42.9% menjadi 21.4% untuk Taenia solium taeniasis (P = 0.003) dan dari 47.1% menjadi 22.9% untuk sistiserkosis (P = 0.001). Studi ini juga menemukan penurunan yang signifikan dari kasus positif pada peserta laki-laki (P < 0.0001), tetapi tidak pada perempuan. Prevalensi sistiserkosis pada anak-anak (P = 0.008) dan orang dewasa (P = 0.049) juga berkurang secara signifikan. Dalam kasus taeniasis, hanya orang dewasa yang menunjukan serokonversi yang signifikan (P = 0.021). Kesimpulan. Pemberian obat masal albendazol dan dietilkarbamazin sitrat dosis tunggal pada pasien Taenia solium taeniasis atau sistiserkosis dapat menurunkan kasus seroprevalensi positif pada kedua infeksi.

---

Background: Taenia solium is a parasite that can cause taeniasis and cysticercosis, depending on the stadium of the invading parasite at the time of infection. Humans are known to be the definitive and intermediate hosts of this parasite. As one of the endemic areas for lymphatic filariasis (LF) and soil-transmitted helminths, Sumba Barat Daya has poor sanitation and hygienic behavior. This study aimed to investigate the effect of mass drug administration for LF on the seroprevalence of taeniasis and cysticercosis. Metode: This study is a pre and post study using secondary data previously collected by the filariasis research team, Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Indonesia. There were 70 local participants involved in this study. In 2016, the research team took blood samples before administering a single dose of albendazole (400 mg) and diethylcarbamazine (6 mg/kg body weight). One year later, the blood of the same participants were collected. IgG antibodies against recombinant antigens rES33 (for taeniasis) and rT24H (for cysticercosis) were measured by ELISA. The results were then compared between the two time points. Age and gender were analyzed as potential confounders.

Result: One year after the mass treatment, the positive seroprevalence decreased from 42.9% to 21.4% for Taenia solium taeniasis (P = 0.003) and from 47.1% to 22.9% for cysticercosis (P = 0.001). This study also found a significant reduction of positive cases in male participants (P < 0.0001), but not in females. The cysticercosis prevalence in children (P = 0.008) and adults (P = 0.049) were significantly reduced as well. In the case of taeniasis, only adults showed significant seroconversion (P = 0.021). Conclusion: Mass Drug Administration in a single dose of albendazole and diethylcarbamazine to patients with Taenia solium taeniasis or cysticercosis can reduce positive seroprevalence cases in both infections."

"Sistiserkosis adalah penyakit yang disebabkan oleh stadium larva Taenia solium (cacing pita babi), sedangkan taeniasis solium disebabkan cacing dewasa yang hidup di dalam rongga usus halus manusia. Penyakit ini sampai sekarang terutama ditemukan di tiga propinsi yaitu Bali, Sumatera Utara dan Papua. Prevalensi tertinggi ditemukan di Propinsi Papua pada tahun 1997 yaitu 42.7%. Studi kasus kontrol ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan kejadian sistiserkosis di Kecamatan Wamena, Kabupaten Jayawijaya. Kelompok kasus ini merupakan seluruh penderita sisterserkosis berusia lebih dari 8 tahun yangditemukan melalui kuesioner pada surveri Tarniasis, Sistiserkosis dan Neurosistiserkosis yang dilaksanakan oleh tim bulan Januari sampai dengan Februari 2002, sedangkan kelompok kontrol diambil secara acak dari orang yang tidak menderita sistiserkosis pada survei tersebut. Diagnosis sistiserkosis ditentukan dengan pemeriksaan ELISA terhadap serum antibodi parasit tersebut baik pada kasus maupun kontrol. Dari seluruh variabel yang ditelliti didapatkan beberapa faktor yang secara statistik berhubungan bermakna dengan kejadian sistiserkosis setelah dikontrol secara bersamaan yaitu cuci tangan (OR 4.9 95% CI:2.55-9.61), jenis pekerjaan (OR 2.11 95% CI:1,14-4\3.91), frekuensi mandi (OR 2.59% CI: 1.31-5.12), jenis sumber air bersih (OR 2.41 95 CI:1.31-4.44) dan tempat buang air besar (OR 6.25 95% CI:3.14-12.44). Perlu dilakukan pendidikankesehatan kepada masyarakat tentang hal hal sebagai berikur: kebiasaan mencuci tangan, pentingnya mandi dengan menggunakan air bersi serta membuang air besar pada tempat yang terlindung. Pemerintah daerah perlu mengadakan saranan air bersih da n sarana umum untuk tempat buang air besar. Factors Associated With Occurrence of Cysticercosis Among Wamena People’s, at Jayawijaya District, PapuaProvince, In 2002. Cysticercosis is a disease caused by the larva of Taenia solium, the pig tapeworm, whereas taeniasissolium is caused by the adult worm, which lives in the small human intestines. The prevalence oftaeniasis/cysticercosis in Indonesia varies from 1.0% to 42.7% and until now is found predominantly in three provincesi.e. Bali, North Sumatera and Papua. The highest prevalence was found in Papua during the year 1997 (42,7%). Thiscase-control study was designed for finding factors in connection with the existing cysticercosis in Sub-districtWamena, District Jawawijaya. The number of cases consisted of all patients suffering from cysticercosis aged morethan 8 years, found by questionaires during a survey for Taeniasis, Cysticercosis and Neurocysticercosis, conducted bythe team from January till February 2002 and the control group consisted of individuals without cysticercosis during thesurvey. The diagnosis of cysticercosis was determined with ELISA by antibody detection of the parasites in the serumof both groups. Among the total number of variables several factors were found significantly associated with theexistence of cysticercosis after calculation as a whole i.e. washing hands (OR 4.9 95%CI:2.55-9.61), profession (OR2.11 95%CI:1.14-3.91), frequency of bathing (OR 2.59 95%CI:1.31-5.13), source of clean water (OR 2.41 95%CI:1.31-4.44) and sanitation (OR 6.25 95%CI:3.14-12.44). Community health education is recommended on topics such as thehabit of washing hands, bathing with clean water and using standard toilets. It is suggested that the local governmentprovides clean water facilities and general sanitation facilities."

"Daerah Jayawijaya, termasuk Kecamatan Wamena dan Assologaima, adalah daerah yang hiperendemis penyakit taeniasis/sistiserkosis. Dikatakan bahwa taeniasis/sistiserkosis adalah penyakit yang disebut penyakit rumah tangga yaitu suatu penyakit dengan karakteristik sebagai berikut: sering dijumpai lebih dari 1 anggota keluarga di suatu rumah tangga yang terinfeksi penyakit tersebut. Tujuan studi ini adalah mendapat gambaran taeniasis/sistiserkosis pada keluarga yang tinggal di satu komplek perumahan (silimo) dan mengetahui distribusi penderita sistiserkosis yang tinggal bersama penderita taeniasis (adult worm carriers). Telah dilakukan studi terbatas terhadap adanya antibodi terhadap antigen Taenia solium dan tes ELISA-coproantigen. Tes imunoblot menggunakan glikoprotein yang dimurnikan (GP) yang bertindak sebagai antigen Taenia solium. Antibodi anti-sistiserkosis yang terdeteksi sebesar 51.7% dari 89 sampel serum manusia. Angka seroprevalensi ini pada keluarga di Kecamatan Wamena (68.4%, 26/38) lebih tinggi dibandingkan di Kecamatan Assologaima (35.3%, 18/51), pada laki-laki (61.2%, 30/49) lebih banyak yang terinfeksi dari perempuan (40.0, 16/40). Disamping itu ELISA-coproantigen yang terdeteksi positif sebesar 2.4% (3/42) hanya ditemukan pada keluarga di Assologaima, sedangkan pada 5 keluarga di Kecamatan Wamena maupun Assologaima ditemukan anggota keluarga seropositif tanpa adanya individu coproantigen positif di rumah komplek masing-masing. Di daerah hiperendemis taeniasis/sistiserkosis seorang dapat terinfeksi oleh keluarganya yang tinggal bersama di silimo maupun mendapat infeksi ini dari keluarga lain. Semua penderita taeniasis mengkontaminasi lingkungan.

---

Taeniasis/cysticercosis among family members in villages of Jayawijaya District, Papua. The area of Jayawijaya, including the Subdistricts of Wamena and Assologaima, is a hyperendemic area of taeniasis/cysticercosis. The disease is considered as a household disease because often if one family member is infected with the disease we can also expect other family members with the same disease. The aim of this study is to obtain data on the condition of taeniasis/cysticercosis in families living in a complex of houses (silimo) and to know the distribution of cysticercosis patients living together with taeniasis patients (adult worm carriers). A limited study was conducted using a test on the detection of antibodies against antigen Taenia solium and the ELISA-coproantigen test. The immunoblot test used purified glycoproteins (GP) as a Taenia solium antigen. Antibodies anti-cysticercosis were detected in 51.7% of 89 human sera samples. The seroprevalence of families in Wamena (68.4%, 26/38) was higher in comparison with that in Assologaima (35.3%, 18/51), men (61.2%, 30/49) were more infected than women (40.0, 16/40). In addition positive ELISA-coproantigen was found in 2.4% (3/42) of the families in Assologaima, whereas in 5 families in Wamena as well as in Assologaima family members were found seropositive without an individu with coproantigen positive in their families living in their respectively silimo?s. In hyperendemic areas of taeniasis/cysticercosis one can be infected by his family living in the same complex of houses as well as by other families. All adult worm carriers are contaminating the whole environment."