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Abstrak :
ABSTRAK
Reaksi hidrogenasi CO2 menjadi metanol dengan menggunakan katalis berbasis logam Cu sudah banyak dilakukan oleh para pakar. Keanekaragaman percobaan yang telah dilakukan menghasilkan berbagai jenis mekanisme reaksi serta persamaan kinetika yang bervariasi. Walaupun demikian, sampai saat ini mekanisme reaksi sitensis metanol belumlah dapat dimengerti seluruhnya. Hal ini disebabkan karena belum adanya kesepakatan pada sifat alami inti aktif dan benluk peralihan (inlerrnediate), serta apakah metanol dihasilkan dari karbon monoksida, karbon dioksida ataupun dari keduanya.

Pada penelitian ini digunakan katalis CuO/ZnO/ZSM-S pada loading 30 %. Penentuan persamaan laju reaksi dilakukan dengan analisis kinetika adsorpsi isotermal berdasarkan asumsi mekanisme reaksi Careon. Untuk menyelesaikan persamaan kinetika yang kompleks tersebut dilakukan manipulasi terhadap variabel-variabel serta konstanta-konstanta yang ada. Sebagai alat bantu, digunakan juga program komputer regresi linier sehingga diperoleh persamaan laju reaksi pembentukan metanol.

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Abstrak :
Dalam penelitian ini, minyak jarak dikonversi menjadi BTX melalui reaksi simultan perengkahan dan dehidrogenasi. Katalis yang digunakan adalah ZSM-5 yang diimpregnasi dengan logam Zn (Zn-ZSM-5) dengan tujuan untuk memadukan fungsi asam ZSM-5 dan fungsi dehidrogenasi logam Zn. Reaksi dilangsungkan secara semi-batch pada fasa cair dan tekanan atmosferik dengan rasio massa katalis/minyak jarak 1:75. Variasi yang digunakan adalah suhu reaksi (300°C, 310°C, dan 320°C). Produk gas yang diperoleh dianalisis dengan menggunakan GC. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa produk gas mengandung BTX dan C1-C5 dengan fraksi produk BTX tertinggi sebesar 45,18% volume diperoleh pada waktu 48 menit dari suhu optimum 310°C. ......In this research, castor oil is converted into BTX through simultaneous reaction of cracking and dehydrogenation. The catalyst used is ZSM-5 impregnated with Zn metal (Zn-ZSM-5) in order to combine acid function of ZSM-5 and dehydrogenation function of Zn metal. The reaction is conducted in a semi-batch reactor in liquid phase and atmospheric pressure with catalyst/oil mass ratio 1:75. Variation to be used is reaction temperature (300°C, 310°C, and 320°C). Gas product is analyzed by using GC. The result shows that gas product mainly consists of BTX and C1-C5. The maximum BTX fraction is obtained at 48 minute from 310°C optimum temperature with the result of 45,18% volume.

Abstrak :
[Pada penelitian ini telah dilakukan studi spektroskopi dari zeolit ZSM-5 mesopori terimpregnasi oksida kobalt secara komprehensif. Co/ZSM-5 mesopori telah menarik perhatian para peneliti untuk digunakan sebagai katalis heterogen dalam reaksi oksidasi parsial metana. Dalam penelitian ini dilakukan sintesis zeolit NaZSM-5 mesopori dengan metode double template dengan TPAOH sebagai agen pengarah struktur dan PDDA sebagai template mesopori. Sebagian zeolit NaZSM-5 dimodifikasi menjadi HZSM-5 melalui proses tukar kation dengan NH4+ yang dilanjutkan dengan kalsinasi pada suhu 550°C. Selanjutnya, zeolit NaZSM-5 dan HZSM-5 diimpregnasi dengan ion kobalt dan dikalsinasi pada 550°C membentuk Co/NaZSM-5 dan Co/HZSM-5. Lalu, zeolit mesopori NaZSM-5, HZSM-5, Co/NaZSM-5, dan Co/HZSM-5 dikarakterisasi secara ekstensif dengan XRD, SEM, AAS, FTIR, 27Al Solid State NMR, Microbalance, dan Surface Area and Pore Size Analyzer untuk menjelaskan pengaruh perbedaan sifat permukaan zeolit katalis terhadap fenomena perbedaan hasil reaksi katalisis oksidasi parsial metana dengan oksidator oksigen dan katalis zeolit mesopori Co/NaZSM-5 dan Co/HZSM-5 pada penelitian sebelumnya, di mana persen konversi metana menjadi metanol meningkat seiring dengan waktu pada Co/HZSM-5 namun sebaliknya pada Co/NaZSM-5 justru menurun seiring dengan waktu. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bawa keasaman zeolit ZSM-5 sebagai support katalis berpengaruh terhadap loading Co dan aktivitas katalis. ......Spectroscopy study of mesoporous ZSM-5 zeolite impregnated with cobalt oxides has been done comprehensively. Mesoporous Co/ZSM-5 has gained the researchers’ attention for being used as heterogeneous catalyst for partial oxidation of methane. In this research, mesoporous NaZSM-5 zeolite was synthesized by using double template method with TPAOH as structure directing agent (SDA) and PDDA as mesoporous template. Some of NaZSM-5 were modified to HZSM-5 through NH4+-exchange process followed by calcination at 550°C. NaZSM-5 and HZSM-5 zeolite were impregnated with cobalt ions and calcined at 550°C to form Co/NaZSM-5 and Co/HZSM-5. Then, mesoporous NaZSM-5, HZSM-5, Co/NaZSM-5, and Co/HZSM-5 zeolite were extensively characterized using XRD, SEM, AAS, FTIR, 27Al Solid Sate NMR, Microbalance and Surface Area and Pore Size Analyzer to explain zeolite surface characteristics influence on difference results from methane partial oxidation with O2 as oxidant using mesoporous Co/NaZSM-5 and Co/HZSM-5 zeolite as catalyst in recent research. In which by using Co/HZSM-5 as catalyst %conversion of methane to methanol increase by the time, but %conversion decrease by using Co/NaZSM-5. By analysis, it can be concluded that ZSM-5 zeolite’s acidity affect the loading of Co and catalyst activity.;Spectroscopy study of mesoporous ZSM-5 zeolite impregnated with cobalt oxides has been done comprehensively. Mesoporous Co/ZSM-5 has gained the researchers’ attention for being used as heterogeneous catalyst for partial oxidation of methane. In this research, mesoporous NaZSM-5 zeolite was synthesized by using double template method with TPAOH as structure directing agent (SDA) and PDDA as mesoporous template. Some of NaZSM-5 were modified to HZSM-5 through NH4+-exchange process followed by calcination at 550°C. NaZSM-5 and HZSM-5 zeolite were impregnated with cobalt ions and calcined at 550°C to form Co/NaZSM-5 and Co/HZSM-5. Then, mesoporous NaZSM-5, HZSM-5, Co/NaZSM-5, and Co/HZSM-5 zeolite were extensively characterized using XRD, SEM, AAS, FTIR, 27Al Solid Sate NMR, Microbalance and Surface Area and Pore Size Analyzer to explain zeolite surface characteristics influence on difference results from methane partial oxidation with O2 as oxidant using mesoporous Co/NaZSM-5 and Co/HZSM-5 zeolite as catalyst in recent research. In which by using Co/HZSM-5 as catalyst %conversion of methane to methanol increase by the time, but %conversion decrease by using Co/NaZSM-5. By analysis, it can be concluded that ZSM-5 zeolite’s acidity affect the loading of Co and catalyst activity.;Spectroscopy study of mesoporous ZSM-5 zeolite impregnated with cobalt oxides has been done comprehensively. Mesoporous Co/ZSM-5 has gained the researchers’ attention for being used as heterogeneous catalyst for partial oxidation of methane. In this research, mesoporous NaZSM-5 zeolite was synthesized by using double template method with TPAOH as structure directing agent (SDA) and PDDA as mesoporous template. Some of NaZSM-5 were modified to HZSM-5 through NH4+-exchange process followed by calcination at 550°C. NaZSM-5 and HZSM-5 zeolite were impregnated with cobalt ions and calcined at 550°C to form Co/NaZSM-5 and Co/HZSM-5. Then, mesoporous NaZSM-5, HZSM-5, Co/NaZSM-5, and Co/HZSM-5 zeolite were extensively characterized using XRD, SEM, AAS, FTIR, 27Al Solid Sate NMR, Microbalance and Surface Area and Pore Size Analyzer to explain zeolite surface characteristics influence on difference results from methane partial oxidation with O2 as oxidant using mesoporous Co/NaZSM-5 and Co/HZSM-5 zeolite as catalyst in recent research. In which by using Co/HZSM-5 as catalyst %conversion of methane to methanol increase by the time, but %conversion decrease by using Co/NaZSM-5. By analysis, it can be concluded that ZSM-5 zeolite’s acidity affect the loading of Co and catalyst activity.;Spectroscopy study of mesoporous ZSM-5 zeolite impregnated with cobalt oxides has been done comprehensively. Mesoporous Co/ZSM-5 has gained the researchers’ attention for being used as heterogeneous catalyst for partial oxidation of methane. In this research, mesoporous NaZSM-5 zeolite was synthesized by using double template method with TPAOH as structure directing agent (SDA) and PDDA as mesoporous template. Some of NaZSM-5 were modified to HZSM-5 through NH4+-exchange process followed by calcination at 550°C. NaZSM-5 and HZSM-5 zeolite were impregnated with cobalt ions and calcined at 550°C to form Co/NaZSM-5 and Co/HZSM-5. Then, mesoporous NaZSM-5, HZSM-5, Co/NaZSM-5, and Co/HZSM-5 zeolite were extensively characterized using XRD, SEM, AAS, FTIR, 27Al Solid Sate NMR, Microbalance and Surface Area and Pore Size Analyzer to explain zeolite surface characteristics influence on difference results from methane partial oxidation with O2 as oxidant using mesoporous Co/NaZSM-5 and Co/HZSM-5 zeolite as catalyst in recent research. In which by using Co/HZSM-5 as catalyst %conversion of methane to methanol increase by the time, but %conversion decrease by using Co/NaZSM-5. By analysis, it can be concluded that ZSM-5 zeolite’s acidity affect the loading of Co and catalyst activity., Spectroscopy study of mesoporous ZSM-5 zeolite impregnated with cobalt oxides has been done comprehensively. Mesoporous Co/ZSM-5 has gained the researchers’ attention for being used as heterogeneous catalyst for partial oxidation of methane. In this research, mesoporous NaZSM-5 zeolite was synthesized by using double template method with TPAOH as structure directing agent (SDA) and PDDA as mesoporous template. Some of NaZSM-5 were modified to HZSM-5 through NH4+-exchange process followed by calcination at 550°C. NaZSM-5 and HZSM-5 zeolite were impregnated with cobalt ions and calcined at 550°C to form Co/NaZSM-5 and Co/HZSM-5. Then, mesoporous NaZSM-5, HZSM-5, Co/NaZSM-5, and Co/HZSM-5 zeolite were extensively characterized using XRD, SEM, AAS, FTIR, 27Al Solid Sate NMR, Microbalance and Surface Area and Pore Size Analyzer to explain zeolite surface characteristics influence on difference results from methane partial oxidation with O2 as oxidant using mesoporous Co/NaZSM-5 and Co/HZSM-5 zeolite as catalyst in recent research. In which by using Co/HZSM-5 as catalyst %conversion of methane to methanol increase by the time, but %conversion decrease by using Co/NaZSM-5. By analysis, it can be concluded that ZSM-5 zeolite’s acidity affect the loading of Co and catalyst activity.]