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"United States? foreign policy has been extremely influenced by some determinantfactors both personal and institutional. However, by the end of World War II, an institutionknown as interest group, played important role relatively to the determination of United States?foreign policies, particularly those which were related to Middle East conflict. A Jewish lobbyknown as AIPAC (American Israeli Public Affairs Committee) has been the most powerfulinterest group to influence the United States? foreign policy especially after President Truman?sadministration. This article describes the internal development of AIPAC and someAIPAC?s actions in order to get public supports to influence the decision makers."

"Skripsi ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis gagasan Sukarno yang mempengaruhi kebijakan politik luar negeri Indonesia pada 1955-1962. Fokus pembahasan adalah terhadap bentuk dukungan Indonesia dalam proses perjuangan kemerdekaan Palestina. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode sejarah yang terdiri dari heuristik atau pengumpulan data dari dokumen-dokumen kenegaraan sezaman; buku-buku yang berkaitan dengan topik penelitian; dan dokumen-dokumen internasional yang diterbitkan. Dalam hasil penelitian, didapati hubungan Indonesia dengan Palestina telah terjalin sejak Indonesia belum merdeka. Dalam pengakuan kedaulatan kemerdekaan Indonesia, masyarakat Palestina juga ikut berkontribusi dalam mendukung kemerdekaan Indonesia. Dimasa pemerintahan Sukarno, dukungan bagi perjuangan kemerdekaan Palestina dilakukan dalam berbagai bentuk, salah satunya adalah dengan bentuk perlawanan terhadap kolonialisme dan imperialisme. Melalui gagasan anti-kolonialisme dan imperialisme, Sukarno bertujuan untuk mempersatukan semua pihak melalui sebuah jalan tengah.

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This thesis aims to analyze Sukarno's ideas that influenced Indonesia's foreign policy in 1955-1962. The focus of the discussion was on the form of Indonesian support in the process of the struggle for Palestinian independence. This study uses historical methods consisting of heuristics or data collection from contemporary state documents; books related to research topics; and international documents published. In the results of the study, it was found that the relationship between Indonesia and Palestine had been established since Indonesia was not yet independent. In recognition of the sovereignty of Indonesian independence, the Palestinian community also contributed to supporting Indonesia's independence. In the Sukarno era, support for the struggle for Palestinian independence was carried out in various forms, one of which was the form of resistance to colonialism and imperialism. Through the ideas of anti-colonialism and imperialism, Sukarno aims to unite all parties through a middle ground."

"Kolonialisme pemukim yang dilakukan oleh pemukim dan pemerintah Israel berujung kepada kekerasan dan penghapusan etnis terhadap penduduk asli Palestina di masa kini. Salah satu faktor yang menyebabkan pesatnya ekspansi lahan oleh Israel adalah karena perencanaan kota yang matang di masa lalu, yaitu ketika pemukim zionis pertama kali menginjakkan kaki ke tanah Palestina. Pada kasus Tepi Barat, dengan memanfaatkan kondisi geografis yang didominasi oleh puncak perbukitan, strategi surveillance dan penguasaan hilltops menjadi titik kekuatan bagi pemukim zionis untuk mempertahankan dan memperluas teritorinya. Skripsi ini membahas tentang penelusuran terhadap peran perencanaan kota dan arsitektur pada keberadaan permukiman ilegal Israel di Tepi Barat, Palestina yang dibangun sejak tahun 1967. Dengan melakukan studi kasus pada delapan permukiman ilegal di Tepi Barat, skripsi ini akan membongkar aspek hilltops dan surveillance pada arsitektur dan perencanaan kota Israel yang bertumbuh dengan cara ditunggangi oleh paham zionisme di tanah penduduk Palestina.

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The settler colonialism by Israeli settlers and the government has led to violence and ethnic cleansing against the indigenous Palestinian population in the present day. One of the factors contributing to the rapid land expansion by Israel is the well-planned urban planning in the past, when Zionist settlers first came to the land of Palestine. In the case of the West Bank, by leveraging the geographical conditions dominated by hilltops, the strategy of surveillance and control of hilltops has become a point of strength for Zionist settlers to maintain and expand their territory. This thesis explores the role of urban planning and architecture in the existence of illegal Israeli settlements in the West Bank, Palestine, which have been built since 1967. By conducting case studies on eight illegal settlements in the West Bank, this thesis will uncover the aspects of hilltops and surveillance in Israeli architecture and urban planning that have grown under the influence of Zionism in Palestinian land."