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Abstrak :
Eko-enzim merupakan cairan multi-fungsi yang banyak dimanfaatkan oleh masyarakat saat ini. Salah satunya adalah membantu dalam pengolahan air limbah. Kemampuan eko-enzim menjadi carian multi-fungsi ini berdasarkan penelusuran ilmiah dikarenakan adanya kandungan senyawa aktif dan potensi enzim di dalam eko-enzim. Dalam memproduksi eko-enzim perbedaan jenis dari bahan akan mempengaruhi karakteristik yang dihasilkan. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan tujuan mengkaji pengaruh jenis gula dalam produksi eko-enzim terhadap kualitas limbah cair hasil pengolahan minyak. Penelitian diawali dengan pembuatan eko-enzim selama 3 bulan, kemudian dikarakterisasi. Hasil karakterisasi eko-enzim menunjukkan nilai pH sebesar 3,2-3,7, BOD 44-72 ppm, COD 45389-94024 ppm, TDS 1795–5405 ppm, dan TPC hingga 620000 CFU/mL. Selanjutnya eko-enzim ini dicampurkan dengan limbah dengan variasi perbandingan serta durasi penguraian. Hasil akhir menunjukkan eko-enzim mampu membantu menurunkan nilai pH limbah, menurunkan nilai BOD hingga 85%, dan mengurangi nilai TDS sekitar 90 %. Hasil TPC pencampuran ini juga menunjukkan peningkatan jumlah koloni pada campuran dari hari ke nol ke hari ke tujuh. Selanjutnya dilakukan analisis regresi linear berganda yang mana berdasarkan analisis yang dilakukan menunjukkan bahwa dalam penelitian ini jenis gula memberikan pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap nilai BOD dan TDS limbah akhir yang dihasilkan, sementara untuk nilai pH tidak. Apabila ditinjau dari baku mutu, nilai pH limbah diperoleh kurang bagus karena menyebabkan limbah menjadi asam, namun untuk BOD dan TDS memberikan pengaruh yang baik karena membuat kualitas limbah meningkat sehingga dapat dikatakan eko-enzim ini berpotensial untuk digunakan dalam memperbaiki kualitas air limbah hasil kegiatan pengolahan minyak bumi. ......Eco-enzyme is a multi-functional liquid that is widely used today. One of them is assisting in wastewater treatment. Based on previous research, the ability of eco-enzymes to become multi-functional is due to the presence of active compounds and potential enzymes in them. In producing eco-enzymes, the different types of materials will affect the characteristics produced. Thus, research was conducted to evaluate the effect of the type of sugar used in the production of eco-enzymes on the quality of wastewater from petroleum processing. The research was started by making eco-enzymes for 3 months, then they were characterized. Eco-enzyme characterization results showed pH values of 3.2–3.7, BOD 44–72 ppm, COD 45389–94024 ppm, TDS 1795–5405 ppm, and TPC up to 620000 CFU/mL. Furthermore, these eco-enzymes are mixed with waste, with variations in the ratio and decomposition duration. The final results show that eco-enzymes can lower the pH value of the wastewater, reduce the BOD value by up to 85%, and reduce the TDS value by around 90%. The TPC results also showed an increase in the number of microbe colonies from day zero to day seven. Furthermore, multiple linear regression analyses were carried out. Based on the analysis, this study showed that the type of sugar had a significant effect on the BOD and TDS values of the final waste produced, while the pH had no significant effect. When viewed from the quality standard, the pH value of the waste is not good because it causes the waste to become acidic, but for BOD and TDS, it has a good effect because it improves the quality of the waste, so it can be said that this eco-enzyme has the potential to be used in improving the quality of wastewater resulting from petroleum processing activities.

Abstrak :
Air limbah laboratorium mempunyai karakteristik spesifik dan dapat memiliki kandungan bahan berbahaya beracun. Pengelolaannya diperlukan untuk memastikan air buangan tersebut tidak berakhir mencemari lingkungan. Namun, penelitian terkait evaluasi pengelolaan limbah cair laboratorium di Indonesia masih sangat sedikit. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi sistem pengelolaan limbah cair laboratorium di lingkungan Fakultas Teknik Universitas Indonesia (FTUI). Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah dengan observasi, wawancara, sampling dan pengujian limbah cair laboratorium. Hasil dari data yang diperoleh dianalisis menggunakan statistik deskriptif dan dibandingkan dengan regulasi standar. Tiga laboratorium yang dijadikan objek studi adalah laboratorium teknologi intensifikasi proses departemen teknik kimia (TIP DTK), laboratorium korosi dan ekstraksi departemen teknik metalurgi dan material (DTMM), dan laboratorium kimia departemen teknik sipil dan lingkungan (DTSL). Berdasarkan penelitian yang telah dilakukan, kuantitas limbah cair laboratorium di lingkungan FTUI bersifat fluktuatif dan mengalami penurunan ketika kondisi pandemi melanda. Kuantitas rata-rata limbah cair laboratorium adalah 1.403 L/tahun. Rata-rata karakteristik limbah cair laboratorium dengan parameter suhu, pH, BOD, COD, Fe, TSS, TDS, dan total bakteri koliform secara berurutan bernilai 27°C, 1,9, 3.201 mg/L, 4.180 mg/L, 201 mg/L, 257 mg/L, 401 mg/L, dan 0. Dengan urutan parameter yang sama, kualitas limbah cair bekas pencucian alat bernilai 27,1°C, 5,1, 36,8 mg/L, 57 mg/L, 2,3 mg/L, 212 mg/L, 93 mg/L, dan 23 mg/L. Terdapat temuan negatif pada setiap aspek pengelolaan limbah cair di antaranya karakteristik dan label limbah cair yang tidak sesuai dengan standar, tidak adanya pemisahan limbah cair berdasarkan 5 karakteristik limbah, dan masa penyimpanan yang melebihi 1 tahun. Kinerja sistem pengelolaan limbah cair dapat ditingkatkan dengan pengkondisian praktikan dan laboran, pengadaan diskusi dan pelatihan, penambahan jerigen, corong dan alat kebersihan, melakukan segregasi limbah B3, menggalakkan penggunaan APD, serta menyediakan jalur khusus pengumpulan. ......Laboratory wastewater has specific characteristics and may contain toxic hazardous materials. Its management is needed to ensure that the wastewater does not end up polluting the environment. However, there are very few studies related to the evaluation of laboratory wastewater management in Indonesia. This study aims to evaluate the laboratory liquid waste management system in the Faculty of Engineering, University of Indonesia (FTUI). The research method used are observation, interviews, sampling and testing of laboratory liquid waste. The results of the data obtained were analyzed using descriptive statistics and compared with standard regulations. The three laboratories used as objects of study are the chemical engineering department's process intensification technology laboratory (TIP DTK), the corrosion and extraction laboratory of the metallurgical and materials engineering department (DTMM), and the chemical laboratory of the civil and environmental engineering department (DTSL). Based on the research that has been carried out, the quantity of laboratory liquid waste in the FTUI environment is fluctuating and decreases when the pandemic conditions hit. The average quantity of laboratory liquid waste is 1,403 L/year. The average characteristics of laboratory wastewater with parameters of temperature, pH, BOD, COD, Fe, TSS, TDS, and total coliform bacteria are respectively 27°C, 1.9, 3,201 mg/L, 4,180 mg/L, 201 mg /L, 257 mg/L, 401 mg/L, and 0. With the same order of parameters, the quality of liquid waste used for washing tools is 27.1°C, 5.1, 36.8 mg/L, 57 mg/L, 2.3 mg/L, 212 mg/L, 93 mg/L, and 23 mg/L. There are negative findings in every aspect of liquid waste management including the characteristics and labels of liquid waste that are not in accordance with standards, the absence of separation of liquid waste based on 5 characteristics of waste, and a storage period that exceeds 1 year. The performance of the wastewater management system can be improved by conditioning practitioners and laboratory assistants, providing discussions and training, adding jerry cans, funnels and cleaning tools, segregating B3 waste, promoting the use of PPE, and providing special collection routes.

Abstrak :
Air limbah RPH yang tidak dikelola dengan baik dapat menimbulkan masalah lingkungan dan sosial. Rumusan masalah pada riset ini adalah praktik pemotongan sapi di RPH X yang belum sesuai dengan prinsip GSP dan fasilitas RPH X yang belum sesuai dengan persyaratan mempengaruhi pengelolaan air limbah RPH X yang berpotensi menyebabkan kualitas air limbah RPH X tidak memenuhi baku mutu dan menimbulkan dampak limbah RPH pada masyarakat yang bertempat tinggal di sekitar RPH X, sehingga dibutuhkan alternatif peningkatan pengelolaan air limbah RPH X. Riset ini mencoba menganalisis praktik pemotongan sapi, fasilitas RPH, pengelolaan air limbah RPH, kualitas air limbah RPH, dan dampak limbah RPH pada masyarakat serta menyusun alternatif peningkatan pengelolaan air limbah RPH X. Riset ini menggunakan metode kuantitatif dan kualitatif. Hasil riset menunjukkan bahwa praktik pemotongan sapi di RPH X termasuk kategori kurang sesuai dengan prinsip GSP, fasilitas RPH X termasuk kategori kurang sesuai dengan persyaratan, pengelolaan air limbah RPH X cukup baik, kualitas air outlet IPAL telah memenuhi baku mutu, dan dampak limbah RPH X pada masyarakat berupa gangguan bau yang dirasakan oleh 100% responden dan gangguan kesehatan berupa mual yang dirasakan oleh 41% responden. Alternatif peningkatan pengelolaan air limbah RPH yang dapat dilakukan adalah minimisasi melalui segregasi dan pemanfaatan air limbah RPH X serta pemanfaatan limbah padat RPH X menjadi biogas. ......Wastewater of slaughterhouse is not managed optimally can cause environmental and social problems. The study issue is practice of cattle slaughtering in slaughterhouse X that has not in accordance with GSP principle and slaughterhouse X facilities that have not in accordance with standards affecting wastewater management of slaughterhouse X which has potential to cause wastewater quality of slaughterhouse X exceeds water quality standards and cause impact of slaughterhouse waste to communities living around the slaughterhouse, so an alternative to improving wastewater management is needed. This study analyzes the practice of cattle slaughtering, the slaughterhouse facilities, the wastewater management of slaughterhouse, the wastewater quality, the impact of slaughterhouse waste, and compose alternative to improving wastewater management of slaughterhouse. This study exercises quantitative and qualitative methods. The results showed that the practice of cattle slaughtering was categorized into less suitable with GSP principle, the slaughterhouse facilities were categorized into less suitable with standards, the wastewater management of slaughterhouse is quite good, the wastewater quality of WWTP outlet is comply with the water quality standards, and the impact of slaughterhouse waste to the communities living around the slaughterhouse is odor disruption felt by 100% of respondents and health issue are nauseous felt by 41% of respondents. The alternative to improving wastewater management of slaughterhouse is minimization through segregation and utilization of slaughterhouse wastewater and utilization of slaughterhouse solid waste into biogas.