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Abstrak :
[ABSTRAKbr Perilaku voice pegawai, yang didefinisikan sebagai tingkah laku pemberian saran inovatif dan konstruktif, dapat mendatangkan banyak dampak positif bagi organisasi. Di sisi lain, voice dapat mengancam bagi hubungan interpersonal pegawai yang melakukannya. Penelitian ini menginvestigasi karakteristik unik tersebut dengan menyoroti interaksi faktor situasional berupa kohesivitas kelompok dengan faktor individu berupa kepemilikan ide dan voice efficacy. Sampel penelitian ini adalah 244 pegawai di salah satu institusi pemerntahan. Hasil analisis statistik menunjukan kepemilikan ide dan voice efficacy berhubungan, masing-masing, negatif dan positif dengan voice. Selain itu, kohesivitas sosial kelompok berperan sebagai moderator yang memberikan efek penyangga (buffer) pada hubungan positif antara voice efficacy dengan voice. Implikasi dari hasil penelitian ini didiskusikan lebih lanjut. ;Voice Behavior, as employee’s expression of innovative suggestion for organization, has many positive impacts for organizations. On the other hand, voice contains interpersonal risks for the actor. This study investigates this predicament of voice through highlighting the interaction between personal and situational factor, namely social cohesion, having ideas, voice efficacy, and voice per se. Data was collected from 244 civil servants. Statistical analysis showed that having ideas and voice efficacy were associated, respectively, negatively and positively with voice. Moreover, social cohesion has moderating (buffering) effect on the relationship between voice efficacy and voice. The implication of this study is discussed below. ;Voice Behavior, as employee’s expression of innovative suggestion for organization, has many positive impacts for organizations. On the other hand, voice contains interpersonal risks for the actor. This study investigates this predicament of voice through highlighting the interaction between personal and situational factor, namely social cohesion, having ideas, voice efficacy, and voice per se. Data was collected from 244 civil servants. Statistical analysis showed that having ideas and voice efficacy were associated, respectively, negatively and positively with voice. Moreover, social cohesion has moderating (buffering) effect on the relationship between voice efficacy and voice. The implication of this study is discussed below. , Voice Behavior, as employee’s expression of innovative suggestion for organization, has many positive impacts for organizations. On the other hand, voice contains interpersonal risks for the actor. This study investigates this predicament of voice through highlighting the interaction between personal and situational factor, namely social cohesion, having ideas, voice efficacy, and voice per se. Data was collected from 244 civil servants. Statistical analysis showed that having ideas and voice efficacy were associated, respectively, negatively and positively with voice. Moreover, social cohesion has moderating (buffering) effect on the relationship between voice efficacy and voice. The implication of this study is discussed below. ]

Abstrak :
[ABSTRAK
Penelitian ini bertujuan melihat hubungan antara voice efficacy dan psychological safety dengan employee voice behavior dengan persepsi bawahan terhadap perilaku etis atasan sebagai moderator. Employee voice behavior diukur dengan menggunakan alat ukur dari Van Dyne dan LePine (1998), psychological safety diukur dengan alat ukur yang dikembangkan oleh Edmondson (1999), dan persepsi bawahan terhadap perilaku etis atasan diukur melalui Ethical Leadership Scale (Brown, Treviño, & Harrison, 2005). Hasil analisis menggunakan 244 data peer-report employee voice behavior dari sampel penelitian yaitu karyawan level pelaksana di Direktorat Jenderal Y menunjukkan bahwa voice efficacy berhubungan dengan employee voice behavior (𝛽=0,139;𝑝<0,05). Akan tetapi penelitian ini tidak menemukan dukungan bahwa psychological safety berhubungan dengan employee voice behavior (𝛽=0,006;𝑝>0,05) maupun efek moderasi persepsi bawahan terhadap perilaku etis atasan pada hubungan antara voice efficacy dan employee voice behavior (𝛽=−0,108;𝑝>0,05) . Sebanyak 7,3% varians dari employee voice behavior dapat dijelaskan oleh model penelitian ini. Dari segi teoretis, penelitian ini menyarankan untuk mengadakan penelitian longitudinal dan mengontrol variabel lain yang berhubungan dengan employee voice behavior. Dari segi manajerial, penelitian ini memberikan saran kepada manajemen Sumber Daya Manusia dengan membuat desain organisasi maupun coaching yang dapat meningkatkan employee voice behavior karyawan di dalam organisasi.

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ABSTRACT
This study investigates the relationship between voice efficacy and psychological safety with employee voice behavior and the role of subordinate perceptions of supervisor’s ethical behavior as a moderator to voice efficacy- employee voice behavior relationship. Employee voice behavior was measured using the scale developed by Van Dyne and LePine (1998), psychological safety was measured by scale developed by Edmondson’s (1999), and subordinate perceptions of supervisor’s ethical leadership was measured using Ethical Leadership Scale (Brown, Treviño, & Harrison, 2005). The analysis using 244 peer-reported employee voice behavior data from Direktorat Jenderal Y shows that voice efficacy is related to employee voice behavior (𝛽=0,139;𝑝<0,05). The results also show that there is no relationship between psychological safety and employee voice behavior(𝛽=0,006;𝑝>0,05), neither the subordinate perceptions of supervisor’s ethical behavior moderates relationship between voice efficacy and employee voice behavior (𝛽=−0,108;𝑝>0,05). Moreover, 7,3% variance of employee voice behavior can be explained by the research model. From the theoretical side, this research suggests future research to consider longitudinal design and controlling for more employee voice behavior related factors. From the managerial side, this research suggests the Human Resource Management to establish the organization design and coaching that enables employee voice behavior., This study investigates the relationship between voice efficacy and psychological safety with employee voice behavior and the role of subordinate perceptions of supervisor’s ethical behavior as a moderator to voice efficacy- employee voice behavior relationship. Employee voice behavior was measured using the scale developed by Van Dyne and LePine (1998), psychological safety was measured by scale developed by Edmondson’s (1999), and subordinate perceptions of supervisor’s ethical leadership was measured using Ethical Leadership Scale (Brown, Treviño, & Harrison, 2005). The analysis using 244 peer-reported employee voice behavior data from Direktorat Jenderal Y shows that voice efficacy is related to employee voice behavior (𝛽=0,139;𝑝<0,05). The results also show that there is no relationship between psychological safety and employee voice behavior(𝛽=0,006;𝑝>0,05), neither the subordinate perceptions of supervisor’s ethical behavior moderates relationship between voice efficacy and employee voice behavior (𝛽=−0,108;𝑝>0,05). Moreover, 7,3% variance of employee voice behavior can be explained by the research model. From the theoretical side, this research suggests future research to consider longitudinal design and controlling for more employee voice behavior related factors. From the managerial side, this research suggests the Human Resource Management to establish the organization design and coaching that enables employee voice behavior.]

Abstrak :
Although employee silence is already well-known to cause harms to both employees and organizations, less is known about the individual and situational factors that can influence it. This study reveals the relationships among acquiescent silence, defensive silence, psychological contract breaches, job-based psychological ownership, voice efficacy, psychological safety and task cohesion. Employing scales with good reliability scores (α between 0.8 to 0.95), we conducted a survey on a sample of of 260 public employees of an Indonesia‟s government institution. Analysis indicates that (1) individual factors (voice efficacy and psychological contract breach) and situational factors (task cohesion and psychological safety) work hand in hand to affect silence behavior; and (2) job-based psychological ownership has no relationship with acquiescent and defensive silence. This paper discusses (1) the importance incorporating individual and situational factors in understanding silence behavior; and (2) the collectivistic nature of Indonesian people that may contribute to the importance of situational factor (i.e., task cohesion) on silence behavior well and beyond psychological ownership.

Sekalipun telah diketahui bahwa silence (perilaku diam) mendatangkan kerugian bagi individu dan organisasi, tetapi tidak banyak diketahui faktor individu dan faktor situasi yang mempengaruhinya. Studi ini mengungkap hubungan antara acquiscent silence (diam karena merasa tidak berdaya), defensive silence (diam untuk melindungi diri), persepsi pelanggaran kontrak psikologis, kepemilikan psikologis terkait pekerjaan, efikasi untuk mengungkapkan pendapat, rasa aman psikologis dan kekohesifan dalam pelaksanaan tugas. Survei terhadap 260 pegawai dari satu kementerian di Indonesia dilakukan dengan alat ukur yang mempunyai reliabilitas yang baik (α antara 0.8 sampai 0.95). Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa (1) faktor individu (efikasi untuk mengungkapkan pendapat dan persepsi pelanggaran kontrak psikologis) bersama-sama dengan faktor situasi (kekohesifan dalam pelaksanaan tugas dan rasa aman psikologis) mempengaruhi perilaku diam; dan (2) kepemilikan psikologis terkait pekerjaan tidak berhubungan dengan perilaku diam. Naskah ini mendiskusikan (1) pentingnya mempertimbangkan baik faktor individu maupun faktor situasi untuk memahami perilaku diam secara komprehensif; dan (2) pentingnya faktor situasi (yaitu kekohesifan dalam pelaksanaan tugas), yang melebihi pengaruh faktor individu (yaitu kepemilikan psikologis terkait pekerjaan) dalam mempengaruhi perilaku diam kemungkinan disebabkan karena kultur kolektif bangsa Indonesia.