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Abstrak :
Pemasangan infus pada anak usia prasekolah dianggap sebagai ancaman terhadap integritas tubuh yang dapat menimbulkan nyeri dan kecemasan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbedaan distraksi: penggunaan baju bermotif kartun dan bubble blowing terhadap nyeri dan kecemasan anak prasekolah saat pemasangan infus. Penelitian ini menggunakan quasi experiment post test only control group design. Sampel terdiri dari 57 anak prasekolah yang terbagi kedalam tiga kelompok. Analisis data menggunakan Oneway ANOVA untuk nyeri dan Kruskal-wallis untuk kecemasan. Hasil analisis menunjukkan ada perbedaan bermakna antara nyeri dan kecemasan ketiga kelompok dengan p<α. Analisis lanjutan menggunakan uji Post-hoc menunjukkan kelompok distraksi menggunakan bubble blowing lebih efektif menurunkan nyeri dan kecemasan saat pemasangan infus dengan nilai p=0,026 dan 0,0001 (α=0,05). Disarankan kepada pemberi layanan keperawatan agar menggunakan bubble blowing sebagai alat distraksi saat pemasangan infus. ......Preschool children considers venipuncture as a threathing procedure which can cause pain and anxiety. This study aimed to compare the effectiveness of distraction: cartoon-patterned attire and bubble blowing to reduce pain and anxiety in children during venipuncture. This study used a quasi experiment with post test only control group design. The sample consisted of 57 preschoolers divided into three groups. Data were analysed using Oneway ANOVA for pain and Kruskal-wallis for anxiety. Result showed there was a significant difference between pain and anxiety of the three groups with p<α. Further analysis using Post-hoc test showed that distraction using bubble blowing was more effective in reducing pain and anxiety during venipuncture with p value= 0,026 and 0,0001 (α=0,05). It is recommended to use bubble blowing as a distraction during venipuncture.

Abstrak :
Dampak dari hospitalisasi pada anak diantaranya adalah stres. Stres ini timbul karena anak takut akan tindakan invasif, cemas berpisah dengan orang tua serta karena nyeri. Tindakan invasif yang didapat anak selama hospitalisasi sering menimbulkan trauma berkepanjangan. Salah satu prosedur invasif yang dilakukan bagi anak adalah terapi melalui intra vena.Tindakan ini menimbulkan nyeri. Upaya untuk managemen nyeri ada farmakologis dan non farmakologis. Tindakan non farmakologis yang bisa dilaksanakan oleh perawat diantaranya dengan memberikan stimulasi kulit. Stimulasi kulit yang diupayakan antara lain dengan menggunakan kompres es batu. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian kompres es batu terhadap tingkat nyeri anak usia pra sekolah yang dilakukan prosedur pemasangan infus. Penelitian ini menggunakan studi quasi eksperimen dengan rancangan Nonequivalent control group, after only design. Sampel penelitian berjumlah 64 anak yang dilakukan pemasangan infus di rumah sakit dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo Jakarta. Sampel dibagi menjadi 2 kelompok, 32 anak sebagai kelompok intervensi, 32 anak sebagai kelompok kontrl. Instrumen yang digunakan dalam pengumpulan data berupa 1 kuesioner dan 1 lembar observasi dengan menggunakan skala Wong Baker Pain Faces. Instrumen berupa lembar kuesioner. ......Distress is a negative effect during hospitalization on children. invasive procedures, separation anxiety and painful which cause considerable child distress. Invasive procedures during hospitalization continuesly distress. Intrusive proce ures such as venipuncture are well understood as a stressfull event for children. Pain management were pharmacological and non pharmacological. Cutaneus stimulation is a non pharmacological theraphy to reduce venipuncture related pain and can be performed by nurses. Ice cube is cutaneus stimulation. The purpose of this study was determining the effect of ice cube prior to venipuncture on pain related responses in preschool age child. This study is quasi experiment with nonequivalent control group after only design. The subject were 64 preschool child selected by purposive sampling. Two groups were chosen for this study: 32 the test and 32 control group. Pain responses were measured using Wong Baker faces Pain Scale and confounding factor were measured using quesionaire. After homogeneity test this study analyzed with chi square. Result showed that ice cube reduced pain on preschool age child who were venipuncture, 83,3% mild pain with icecube and 16,7% mild pain without ice cube on p=0.01, α < 0,05. Ice cube efficient and effective for cutaneus stimulation. Pediatric nurse could apply ice cube for atraumatic care on venipuncture procedures. Sex, ethnic, member of family present, and child experience did not effect pain relieve in children. Child fear significantly effect for pain relieve in preschool age child .