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Tara Krizia
Tanggung jawab majikan perbandingan antara Indonesia dan belanda terhadap tanggung jawab mutlak dalam perbuatan melawan hukum = Vicarious liability : A comparative study between Indonesia and the netherlands concerning liability without fault in tort / Tara Krizia
"Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menyuguhkan pembaca dengan penjelasan yang mendalam tentang konsep tanggung jawab majikan dan bagaimana konsep ini berkaitan erat dengan perkembangan tanggung jawab mutlak di Indonesia, dan untuk tujuan itu perbandingan antara sistem hukum di Indonesia akan dilakukan terhadap sistem hukum yang diterapkan di Belanda. Tanggung jawab majikan dapat dimengerti sebaga penerapan tanggung jawab kepada majikan atas kerugian yang dialami oleh pihak ketiga karena perbuatan pekerjanya selama masa dipekerjakan. Untuk menghindari tanggung jawab yang menitikberatkan kewajiban ganti rugi terhadap majikan dibutuhkan pembatasan dan pengecualian untuk diterpakan dalam pelaksanaan teori tanggung jawab majikan ini. Tanggung jawab majikan juga berkaitan erat dengan tanggung jawab mutlak karena jika penerapan konsep ini tidak memberikan ancaman yang berarti bagi majikan maka harus ada ancaman majikan akan dimintakan tanggung jawab mutlak atas segala perbuatan pekerjanya. Setelah membuat perbandingan tersebut, legislator di Indonesia perlu melakukan amandemen terhadap hukum Indonesia yang saat ini digunakan untuk dapat mengimbangi pertumbuhan kebutuhan hukum dari masyarakat.
This research aims to provide the reader with a thorough explanation on the concept of vicarious liability and how it is closely connected to the development of liability without fault in Indonesia, and for that purpose a brief comparison between the Indonesian legal system will be made against the Dutch legal system. Vicarious liability can be understood as the imposition of liability on the employer for damages inflicted on a third party by their employee during the course of their employment. As to not making it employer heavy, necessary limitations and expectations need to be observed in implementing the theory of vicarious liability. Vicarious liability can be closely linked with liability without fault in the sense that, if the implementation of this concept does not pose enough threat to the employers then they should be held strictly liable for damages caused by their employees. After making the relevant comparison, it is found that the Indonesian legislator needs to make amendment on our current law in order to cope up with the ever-changing need of the society."
Depok: Fakultas Hukum Universitas Indonesia, 2015
S61202
UI - Skripsi Membership  Universitas Indonesia Library
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Juanita Tiffany Putri
Tanggung Gugat Perusahaan Atas Perbuatan Melawan Hukum yang Dilakukan Oleh Karyawan (Studi Kasus PT. Antam Melawan Budi Said = Company Liability for Unlawful Acts Committed by Employees (Case Study of PT Antam Against Budi Said)
"Penulisan tesis ini dilatarbelakangi oleh adanya pertanggungjawaban pengganti atau dikenal dengan vicarious liability, yang diangkat dari kasus PT. Antam melawan Budi Said. Dalam kasus tersebut, meskipun perbuatan melawan hukum dilakukan oleh karyawan dari PT. Antam, namun PT. Antam tetap diharuskan untuk mengganti kerugian yang telah diderita oleh Budi Said. Bentuk penggantian tanggung jawab ini diterapkan kepada PT. Antam sebagai penjelmaan dari pasal 1367 Kitab Undang-Undang Hukum Perdata. Penulisan ini menggunakan jenis penelitian yuridis normatif dengan pendekatan kasus dari Putusan tingkat pertama, banding, kasasi, dan PK dari PT. Antam melawan Budi Said yang dianalisis dengan menggunakan teori kepastian hukum dan konsep vicarious liability. Dari hasil penelitian ini, dapat diketahui bahwa adanya disparitas antar putusan hakim dikarenakan belum diaturnya terkait dengan bentuk pembatasan dari vicarious liability. Bahwa penerapan doktrin vicarious liability dalam pasal 1367 ayat (3) agar dapat mewujudkan kepastian hukum, seharusnya perlu dibatasi dengan pula memberikan bentuk - bentuk spesifik sebagai syarat dari pemenuhan pembatasan atas pertanggungjawaban pengganti sebagaimana tertuang dalam pasal 1367 ayat (5). Kekalahan PT.Antam dalam putusan MA No 554 PK/Pdt/2023 tidak menutup kemungkinan dilakukan upaya hukum kembali. Dimana sesuai dengan SEMA No 4 Tahun 2016, maka PT. Antam dapat melakukan upaya hukum kembali berupa peninjauan kembali kedua dengan syarat melampirkan putusan yang saling bertentangan.
The background to writing this thesis is the existence of vicarious liability, which is based on the case of PT. Antam against Budi Said. In this case, even though the unlawful act was committed by an employee of PT. Antam, but PT. Antam is still required to compensate for the losses suffered by Budi Said. This form of replacement of responsibility is applied to PT. Antam is an incarnation of article 1367 of the Civil Code. This writing uses a type of normative juridical research with a case approach from first level decisions, appeals, cassation, and PK from PT. Antam against Budi Said which was analyzed using the theory of legal certainty and the concept of vicarious liability. From the results of this research, it can be seen that there is disparity between judges' decisions because there is no regulation regarding the form of limitation of vicarious liability. That the application of the vicarious liability doctrine in article 1367 paragraph (3) in order to realize legal certainty, should need to be limited by also providing specific forms as a condition for fulfilling the limitations on vicarious liability as stated in article 1367 paragraph (5). PT Antam's defeat in Supreme Court decision No. 554 PK/Pdt/2023 does not rule out the possibility of taking legal action again. Where in accordance with SEMA No. 4 of 2016, PT. Antam can take legal action again in the form of judicial review II with the condition of attaching a conflicting decision."
Jakarta: Fakultas Hukum Universitas Indonesia, 2024
T-pdf
UI - Tesis Membership  Universitas Indonesia Library
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Vita Hapsari
Pelanggaran hak desain industri sebagai dasar gugatan perbuatan melawan hukum dan pertanggungjawabannya (analisis putusan mahkamah agung no.435 K/pdt-Sus-HKI/ 2013) = The responsibility of unlawful act in industrial design infringement (analysis of supreme court decision no.435 K/pdt-Sus-HKI/ 2013)
"Skripsi ini membahas mengenai perbuatan melawan hukum dalam suatu tindak pelanggaran desain industri yang telah diatur dalam Undang-Undang No. 31 Tahun 2000 Tentang Desain Industri. Dalam melakukan penelitian, penulis menggunakan metode penelitian kepustakaan yang bersifat yuridis-normatif dan tipologi bersifat deskriptif.
Permasalahan dalam skripsi ini adalah bilamana penggunaan desain oleh pihak ketiga dapat dikatakan sebagai perbuatan melawan hukum, bagaimana pengaturan perbuatan melawan hukum pada pelanggaran desain industri menurut hukum perdata, dan bagaimana pertimbangan hakim dalam memutus perkara perbuatan melawan hukum pada putusan Mahkamah Agung No. 435 K/Pdt-Sus-Hki/2013.
Kesimpulan atas permasalahan tersebut adalah suatu penggunaan desain oleh pihak ketiga dapat dikatakan sebagai perbuatan melawan hukum apabila penggunaan desain tersebut sama persis atau sama secara substansial dan penggunaan tersebut dilakukan secara sengaja dan tanpa hak. Pengaturan perbuatan melawan hukum dalam pelanggaran hak desain industri terdapat pada Pasal 46 ayat (1) UU Desain Industri yang mengacu pada Pasal 9 ayat (1) UU Desain Industri dan Pasal 26 ayat (1) TRIPs. Perihal pertimbangan putusan Mahkamah Agung No. 435 K/Pdt-Sus-Hki/2013 yang menguatkan putusan Pengadilan Niaga tersebut terdapat sedikit kekuranglengkapan namun telah tepat dalam hal menentukan ganti rugi.
This thesis discusses the unlawful act in infringement of industrial design that has been regulated in Law No. 31 of 2000 about Industrial Design. In conducting this research, the writer uses juridicial-normative library research methods and the typology is descriptive.
The problem in this thesis is when the use of the design by third parties can be regarded as an unlawful act, how the regulation, and how the consideration of judges in deciding the case on the Supreme Court Decision No. 435 K/Pdt-Sus-HKI/2013.
The conclusion to these problems is a use of the design by third parties can be considered as an unlawful act when the design is exactly or substantially the same, and the use of the design has to be intentional and without right. The regulation for unlawful act in industrial design infringement contained in Article 46 (1) Industrial Design Act that refers to Art. 9 (1) Industrial Design Act and Art. 26 (1) TRIPs. Regarding consideration of the Supreme Court Decision No. 435 K/Pdt-Sus-HKI/2013 is a little sketchy, but has been precise in terms of determining the compensation."
Depok: Fakultas Hukum Universitas Indonesia, 2015
S59668
UI - Skripsi Membership  Universitas Indonesia Library
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Sitorus, Agnes Alfreda Agathia
Perbuatan melawan hukum dalam pemindahan hak atas saham perseroan terbatas tertutup (studi kasus putusan No. 604/PDT.G/2011/PN.JKT.SEL ) = Unlawful act in transferring rights over non publicly listed limited liability company s shares case study decision No. 604/PDT.G/2011/PN.JKT.SEL
"[ ABSTRAK
Saham Perseroan Terbatas Tertutup merupakan benda yang dapat dipindahkan
kepemilikannya melalui perjanjian hibah dan/atau perjanjian jual beli.
Pemindahan hak atas saham melalui perjanjian ini harus tunduk pada persyaratan
dan juga tata cara yang diatur dalam peraturan perundang-undangan maupun
Anggaran Dasar Perseroan agar sah secara hukum. Apabila syarat-syarat tersebut
tidak terpenuhi maka pemindahan hak atas saham itu dapat dikatakan sebagai
sebuah perbuatan melawan hukum, sebagaimana dapat ditemui dalam putusan No.
604/Pdt.G/2011/PN.Jkt.Sel. Dua permasalahan utama yang akan dibahas dalam
penulisan ini adalah bagaimana tata cara pemindahan hak atas saham Perseroan
Terbatas Tertutup melalui perjanjian jual beli dan hibah serta bentuk perbuatan
melawan hukum yang terjadi dalam perkara di atas. Penulisan dalam skripsi ini
menggunakan pendekatan yuridis normatif dengan metode penelitian
kepustakaan. Berdasarkan hasil analisis skripsi ini, pelanggaran unsur esensialia
dalam suatu perjanjian pemindahan hak atas saham merupakan sebuah perbuatan
melawan hukum. Oleh karena itu penting bagi para pihak untuk patuh serta
memahami ketentuan umum perjanjian dan juga tata cara pemindahan hak atas
saham yang telah diatur dalam peraturan perundang-undangan.
ABSTRACT Shares of Non-Publicly Listed Limited Liability Company are objects whose
ownership can be transferred through grant and/or sale and purchase agreement.
The transfer of rights over share by agreement must adhere to the requirements
and procedures as set out within applicable laws and Articles of Association in
order to have legally binding power. If such requirements are not observed, the
transfer of rights over shares can be considered as an unlawful act which can be
found in the decision No. 604/Pdt.G/2011/PN.Jkt.Sel. Two main issues that will
be analyzed in this thesis are procedures of transfer of rights over shares through
grant and share and purchase agremeement, as well as the unlawful act taken
place in the case above. This thesis adopts the juridical normative approach using
literary research method. As a result of the analysis in this thesis, the infringement
of essential element in a transfer of rights over share through agreement is
considered as an unlawful act. Therefore, it is important for the parties to abide by
and understand the general provisions on agreements and the procedures
concerning the transfer of rights over shares as governed under the applicable
laws.;Shares of Non-Publicly Listed Limited Liability Company are objects whose
ownership can be transferred through grant and/or sale and purchase agreement.
The transfer of rights over share by agreement must adhere to the requirements
and procedures as set out within applicable laws and Articles of Association in
order to have legally binding power. If such requirements are not observed, the
transfer of rights over shares can be considered as an unlawful act which can be
found in the decision No. 604/Pdt.G/2011/PN.Jkt.Sel. Two main issues that will
be analyzed in this thesis are procedures of transfer of rights over shares through
grant and share and purchase agremeement, as well as the unlawful act taken
place in the case above. This thesis adopts the juridical normative approach using
literary research method. As a result of the analysis in this thesis, the infringement
of essential element in a transfer of rights over share through agreement is
considered as an unlawful act. Therefore, it is important for the parties to abide by
and understand the general provisions on agreements and the procedures
concerning the transfer of rights over shares as governed under the applicable
laws.;Shares of Non-Publicly Listed Limited Liability Company are objects whose
ownership can be transferred through grant and/or sale and purchase agreement.
The transfer of rights over share by agreement must adhere to the requirements
and procedures as set out within applicable laws and Articles of Association in
order to have legally binding power. If such requirements are not observed, the
transfer of rights over shares can be considered as an unlawful act which can be
found in the decision No. 604/Pdt.G/2011/PN.Jkt.Sel. Two main issues that will
be analyzed in this thesis are procedures of transfer of rights over shares through
grant and share and purchase agremeement, as well as the unlawful act taken
place in the case above. This thesis adopts the juridical normative approach using
literary research method. As a result of the analysis in this thesis, the infringement
of essential element in a transfer of rights over share through agreement is
considered as an unlawful act. Therefore, it is important for the parties to abide by
and understand the general provisions on agreements and the procedures
concerning the transfer of rights over shares as governed under the applicable
laws.;Shares of Non-Publicly Listed Limited Liability Company are objects whose
ownership can be transferred through grant and/or sale and purchase agreement.
The transfer of rights over share by agreement must adhere to the requirements
and procedures as set out within applicable laws and Articles of Association in
order to have legally binding power. If such requirements are not observed, the
transfer of rights over shares can be considered as an unlawful act which can be
found in the decision No. 604/Pdt.G/2011/PN.Jkt.Sel. Two main issues that will
be analyzed in this thesis are procedures of transfer of rights over shares through
grant and share and purchase agremeement, as well as the unlawful act taken
place in the case above. This thesis adopts the juridical normative approach using
literary research method. As a result of the analysis in this thesis, the infringement
of essential element in a transfer of rights over share through agreement is
considered as an unlawful act. Therefore, it is important for the parties to abide by
and understand the general provisions on agreements and the procedures
concerning the transfer of rights over shares as governed under the applicable
laws.;Shares of Non-Publicly Listed Limited Liability Company are objects whose
ownership can be transferred through grant and/or sale and purchase agreement.
The transfer of rights over share by agreement must adhere to the requirements
and procedures as set out within applicable laws and Articles of Association in
order to have legally binding power. If such requirements are not observed, the
transfer of rights over shares can be considered as an unlawful act which can be
found in the decision No. 604/Pdt.G/2011/PN.Jkt.Sel. Two main issues that will
be analyzed in this thesis are procedures of transfer of rights over shares through
grant and share and purchase agremeement, as well as the unlawful act taken
place in the case above. This thesis adopts the juridical normative approach using
literary research method. As a result of the analysis in this thesis, the infringement
of essential element in a transfer of rights over share through agreement is
considered as an unlawful act. Therefore, it is important for the parties to abide by
and understand the general provisions on agreements and the procedures
concerning the transfer of rights over shares as governed under the applicable
laws.;Shares of Non-Publicly Listed Limited Liability Company are objects whose
ownership can be transferred through grant and/or sale and purchase agreement.
The transfer of rights over share by agreement must adhere to the requirements
and procedures as set out within applicable laws and Articles of Association in
order to have legally binding power. If such requirements are not observed, the
transfer of rights over shares can be considered as an unlawful act which can be
found in the decision No. 604/Pdt.G/2011/PN.Jkt.Sel. Two main issues that will
be analyzed in this thesis are procedures of transfer of rights over shares through
grant and share and purchase agremeement, as well as the unlawful act taken
place in the case above. This thesis adopts the juridical normative approach using
literary research method. As a result of the analysis in this thesis, the infringement
of essential element in a transfer of rights over share through agreement is
considered as an unlawful act. Therefore, it is important for the parties to abide by
and understand the general provisions on agreements and the procedures
concerning the transfer of rights over shares as governed under the applicable
laws., Shares of Non-Publicly Listed Limited Liability Company are objects whose
ownership can be transferred through grant and/or sale and purchase agreement.
The transfer of rights over share by agreement must adhere to the requirements
and procedures as set out within applicable laws and Articles of Association in
order to have legally binding power. If such requirements are not observed, the
transfer of rights over shares can be considered as an unlawful act which can be
found in the decision No. 604/Pdt.G/2011/PN.Jkt.Sel. Two main issues that will
be analyzed in this thesis are procedures of transfer of rights over shares through
grant and share and purchase agremeement, as well as the unlawful act taken
place in the case above. This thesis adopts the juridical normative approach using
literary research method. As a result of the analysis in this thesis, the infringement
of essential element in a transfer of rights over share through agreement is
considered as an unlawful act. Therefore, it is important for the parties to abide by
and understand the general provisions on agreements and the procedures
concerning the transfer of rights over shares as governed under the applicable
laws.]"
Universitas Indonesia, 2016
S62739
UI - Skripsi Membership  Universitas Indonesia Library
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Maghfirotun
Tanggung jawab rumah sakit terhadap pmh atas malpraktik yang dilakukan dokter bukan pegawai rumah sakit ditinjau dari teori central responsibility (Analisis Putusan No. 18/Pdt.G/2006/PN.PLG, 62/PDT/2006/PT.PLG, 1752 K/Pdt/2007 dan 352/PK/PDT/2010) = Hospital responsibility of the unlawful act against the malpractice by doctors who are not be a part of hospital s employee in term of the central responsibility theory (Analisis Putusan No. 18/Pdt.G/2006/PN.PLG, 62/PDT/2006/PT.PLG, 1752 K/Pdt/2007 dan 352/PK/PDT/2010)
"ABSTRAK
Dalam penelitian ini dianalisis tanggung jawab rumah sakit terhadap perbuatan
melawan hukum yang dilakukan dokter bukan pegawai rumah sakit, penerapan
teori central responsibility dan analisis putusan No. 18/Pdt.G/2006/PN.PLG,
62/PDT/2006/PT.PLG, 1752 K/Pdt/2007 dan 352/PK/PDT/2010. Penelitian ini
menggunakan metode yuridis normatif dengan pendekatan kualitatif. Rumah
sakit bertanggung jawab terhadap perbuatan melawan hukum yang terjadi di
rumah sakit. Penerapan teori Central Responsibility memberikan kepastian
hukum bagi pasien dan rumah sakit dimana rumah sakit bertanggung jawab
secara terpusat terhadap semua kejadian di rumah sakit. Pada putusan No.
18/Pdt.G/2006/PN.PLG, 62/PDT/2006/PT.PLG, 1752 K/Pdt/2007 dan
352/PK/PDT/2010 rumah sakit bertanggung jawab secara Central Responsibility
ABSTRACT
In this research analyzed the relation between the hospital's responsibility with
the unlawful act that done by the doctors who are not be part of hospital's
employee and the application of the central responsibility theory, and analysis of
the judicial decision number 18/Pdt.G/2006/PN.PLG, 62/PDT/2006/PT.PLG,
1752 K/Pdt/2007 and 352/PK/PDT/2010. This study uses normative juridical
method with qualitative approach. The hospital is responsible for the unlawful act
that occurred in the hospital. The application of the central responsibility theory
makes the legal certainty of both patients and the hospital with the hospital
responsible centrally to all cases that happen in the hospital. In the judicial
decision number 18/Pdt.G/2006/PN.PLG, 62/PDT/2006/PT.PLG, 1752
K/Pdt/2007 and 352/PK/PDT/2010 hospital responsible centrally"
Depok: Universitas Indonesia, 2016
S-Pdf
UI - Skripsi Membership  Universitas Indonesia Library
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Caecilia Kartika Marulita
Perbuatan Melawan Hukum Dikaitkan dengan Nilai Valuasi Objek Lelang Yang Dapat Dipertanggungjawabkan (Studi Kasus Putusan Nomor: 213/Pdt.G/2020/PN Bdg.) = Unlawful Act Related to the Accountable Valuation Value of the Auction Object (Case Study Decision No: 213/Pdt.G/2020/PN Bdg.)
"Dalam pelaksanaan lelang, disyaratkan adanya Nilai Limit yang ditetapkan oleh Penjual (kreditur) dengan nilai pasar sebagai prioritas pertama (batas atas) dan nilai likuidasi sebagai alternatif terakhir (batas bawah). Tidak diaturnya ketentuan mengenai kewajaran penetapan Nilai Limit mengakibatkan banyaknya gugatan perdata yang diajukan oleh pihak tereksekusi untuk menuntut ganti kerugian karena objek jaminannya dijual jauh dibawah harga pasar. Penelitian ini akan menjawab bagaimanakah pemenuhan unsur perbuatan melawan hukum dalam penetapan nilai limit lelang hak tanggungan dalam suatu gugatan perdata dan bagaimanakah metode valuasi objek lelang berupa tanah dan bangunan berdasarkan Appraisal atau
Penilai Publik, dengan menggunakan metode penelitian yuridis-normatif melalui kajian terhadap bahan pustaka maupun data sekunder, serta studi kasus terhadap pertimbangan Majelis Hakim dalam perkara perdata nomor 213/Pdt.G/2020/PN Bdg. Bahwa pemenuhan unsur perbuatan melawan hukum dalam penetapan nilai limit lelang hak tanggungan dalam suatu gugatan perdata seharusnya tidak hanya dilakukan dengan menguji unsur pengertian PMH dalam arti sempit yaitu ada atau tidaknya pelanggaran terhadap hak subjektif orang lain dan/atau pelanggaran atas kewajiban hukum pelaku, namun juga PMH dalam arti luas yakni bertentangan dengan kesusilaan baik, ataupun bertentangan dengan kepatutan, ketelitian, dan kehati-hatian. Kemudian, untuk menentukan dasar nilai yang akan digunakan sebagai nilai limit, setiap penilai/penaksir dalam melakukan valuasi objek lelang harus menggunakan pedoman pada Standar Penilaian Indonesia (SPI) 205 yang
dikeluarkan oleh Majelis Profesi Penilai Indonesia (MAPPI) dan PMK Petunjuk Pelaksanaan Lelang yang berlaku melalui pendekatan diantaranya pendekatanpasar, pendapatan, dan biaya
In carrying out an auction, a Limit Value is required to be determined by the Seller
(creditor) with market value as the first priority (upper limit) and liquidation value
as the last alternative (lower limit). The absence of provisions regulating the
fairness of limit value determination results in many civil lawsuits being filed by
executable parties seeking compensation because the collateral object is sold far
below the market price. This research will answer how the fulfillment of the element
of unlawful acts in determining the limit value of auctions in a civil lawsuit and the
valuation method for auction objects in the form of land and buildings based on
Appraisals or Public Appraiser, using juridical-normative research methods
through a study of literature and secondary data, as well as case studies on the
considerations of the Panel of Judges in the civil case number 213/Pdt.G/2020/PN
Bdg. The fulfillment of the element of unlawful act in determining the limit value of
the mortgage auction in a civil lawsuit should not only be carried out by examining
the element of unlawful act in the narrow sense, namely whether or not there is a
violation of the subjective rights of other people and/or a violation of the
perpetrator's legal obligations, but also unlawful act in a broad sense which is
contrary to good decency, or contrary to propriety, thoroughness, and prudence.
Then, to determine the basic value to be used as the limit value, each
appraiser/appraiser in valuing the auction object must use the guidelines in the
Indonesian Appraisal Standard (SPI) 205 issued by the Indonesian Appraiser
Profession Council (MAPPI) and Minister of Finance Regulation on Auction
Implementation Guidelines, through several approaches including market
approach, revenue approach, and cost approach"
Depok: Fakultas Hukum Universitas Indonesia, 2023
S-pdf
UI - Skripsi Membership  Universitas Indonesia Library
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Denisa Khairani
Keabsahan Peralihan Utang tanpa Melibatkan Kreditur (Studi Putusan Pengadilan Negeri Solok Nomor 11/PDT.G/2019/PN SLK) = The Legitimacy of Debt Transfer without Involving Creditors (Study of the Verdict Of Solok District Court Number 11/PDT.G/2019/PN SLK)
"Pembaharuan utang (Novasi) merupakan salah satu upaya Peralihan utang atas terjadinya kredit macet yang disebabkan oleh tidak terpenuhinya pembayaran kredit oleh debitur. Penelitian ini membahas mengenai peralihan utang dari debitur lama kepada debitur baru yang seharusnya dilakukan dengan persetujuan kreditur namun dalam kasus ini pembaharuan utang yang dilakukan tanpa persetujuan kreditur, Peralihan utang dari debitur lama kepada debitur baru dengan persetujuan kreditur dikenal sebagai Novasi Subjektif Pasif. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis keabsahan pembebanan jaminan fidusia, surat outstanding utang sebagai alat bukti peralihan hak, serta keabsahan eksekusi yang dilakukan oleh kreditur secara sepihak dengan bantuan Pihak Kepolisian dalam Putusan Pengadilan Negeri Solok Nomor 11/Pdt.G/2019/PN SLK. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian Doktrinal, yang dilakukan berdasarkan norma hukum yang terdapat dalam peraturan tertulis serta norma dalam masyarakat. Permasalahan yang diajukan kepada pengadilan adalah Pertama, terkait keabsahan pembebanan jaminan fidusia , pembebanan jaminan fidusia tidak sah dalam perkara ini dikarenakan dilakukan dengan akta dibawah tangan, sedangkan seharusnya dibuat dengan akta notaris dalam bahasa Indonesia yang berbentuk Akta Jaminan Fidusia. Kedua, terkait keabsahan surat outstanding utang sebagai alat bukti peralihan hak, Novasi subjektif pasif seharusnya dilakukan dengan persetujuan kreditur secara tertulis, surat outstanding utang bukan merupakan alat bukti peralihan hak yang sah dikarenakan tidak sesuai dengan syarat-syarat perjanjian dalam Pasal 1320 KUH Perdata dimana tidak terkandung di dalamnya pernyataan bahwa utang tersebut beralih dari debitur lama kepada debitur baru. Ketiga, terkait keabsahan eksekusi jaminan fidusia oleh kreditur secara sepihak dengan bantuan pihak kepolisian, eksekusi jaminan fidusia secara langsung tidak dapat dilakukan oleh penerima fidusia atau kreditur dengan bantuan dari pihak kepolisian tanpa diterbitkannya surat pelaksanaan eksekusi oleh Pengadilan Negeri. Namun, dalam hal terjadinya tindak pidana yaitu pengalihan objek jaminan fidusia tanpa persetujuan tertulis dari penerima fidusia maka dapat dilaporkan kepada pihak kepolisian untuk dilakukan penyitaan.
Debt renewal (Novation) is one attempt to transfer debt to the occurrence of bad credit caused by non-fulfillment of credit payments by the debtor. This study discusses the transfer of debt from the old debtor to the new debtor which should be done with the creditor's approval, but in this case the debt renewal was carried out without the creditor's approval. The transfer of debt from the old debtor to the new debtor with the creditor's approval is known as Passive Subjective Novation. This study aims to analyze the legitimacy of imposing fiduciary guarantees, outstanding debt securities as evidence of the transfer of rights, and the validity of executions carried out by creditors unilaterally with the assistance of the police in the Solok District Court Decision Number 11/Pdt.G/2019/PN SLK. The research method used is doctrinal research based on legal norms contained in written regulations and societal norms. The problems submitted to the court are, First, related to the legitimacy of the imposition of fiduciary guarantees, the imposition of fiduciary guarantees is invalid because it was carried out under an underhand deed. In contrast, it should have been drawn up with a notarial deed in Indonesian as a Deed of Fiduciary Guarantees. Second, regarding the validity of the outstanding debt certificate as evidence of the transfer of rights, passive subjective novation should be carried out with the approval of the creditor in writing, and the outstanding debt certificate is not valid evidence of the transfer of rights because it is not following the terms of the agreement in Article 1320 of the Civil Code which does not contain in it a statement that the debt was transferred from the old debtor to the new debtor. Third, regarding the validity of executing fiduciary guarantees by creditors unilaterally with the assistance of the police, direct execution of fiduciary guarantees cannot be carried out by fiduciary recipients or creditors with assistance from the police without issuing a letter of execution by the District Court. However, if a crime occurs, namely the transfer of the fiduciary guarantee object without the written consent of the fiduciary recipient, it can be reported to the police for confiscation."
Jakarta: Fakultas Hukum Universitas Indonesia, 2023
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Rangga Adhitya Yogiswara
Analisis bezitter atas menguasai tanah yang dianggap perbuatan melawan hukum menurut kitab undang-undang hukum perdata: Analisa Putusan Pengadilan Negeri Tanjungkarang Nomor 64/Pdt.G/2019/PN.Tjk = Bezitter's analysis of controlling land is considered an act against the law according to the Civil Code: Analysis of the Decision of the Tanjungkarang District Court Number 64/Pdt.G.2019/PN.Tjk
"Perbuatan melawan hukum dalam perkara No.64/Pdt.G/2019/PN.Tjk ini telah memenuhi perbuatan melawan hukum yang dimana diatur dalam unsur unsur melawan hukum pada pasal 1365 KUH Perdata. Walaupun bezitter menguasai dalam tenggat waktu (Daluwarsa) yaitu lebih dari 30 tahun tetapi bezitter tidak mempunyai itikad baik pada pasal 1963 KUH Perdata untuk memberikan dan mengosongkan obyek sengketa, yang dimana pihak penggugat secara sah mempunyai kepemilikan hak atas tanah tersebut yang diajukan ke Pengadilan Negeri Tanjungkarang. Metode yang dilakukan dalam penelitian ini ialah yuridis normatif dan data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah data sekunder yang dimana sumbernya berasal dari perpustakaan. Penelitian ini memiliki dua rumusan masalah yang diantaranya yaitu bagaimanakah ketentuan hukum yang mengatur tentang perbuatan melawan hukum atas penguasaan sebidang tanah yang telah mencapai daluwarsa menurut ketentuan KUHPerdata, dan bagaimanakah perlindungan hukum terhadap bezitter yang tidak beritikad baik. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah para tergugat telah melakukan perbuatan melawan hukum didalamnya unsur-unsurnya yaitu pada pasal 1365 KUH Perdata dan juga melanggar Undang-undang Nomor 51 Tahun 1960 tentang larangan menggunakan tanah tanpa izin atau kuasa yang sah.
The unlawful act in case No.64/Pdt.G/2019/PN.Tjk has fulfilled the unlawful act which is regulated in the elements of unlawfulness in article 1365 of the Civil Code. Even though the bezitter within the deadline (expired), namely more than 30 years, the bezitter does not have the good faith in Article 1963 of the Civil Code to give and empty the object of dispute, in which the plaintiff legally has ownership of the land rights that were submitted to the Tanjungkarang District Court. The method used in this research is normative juridical and the data used in this research is secondary data which comes from the library. This research has two formulations of the problem which include What are the legal provisions governing acts against the law on the possession of a plot of land that has reached expiration according to the provisions of the Civil Code, and then How is the legal protection against bezitters who do not have good intentions. The conclusion of this study is that the defendants have committed unlawful acts in its elements, namely in Article 1365 of the Civil Code and also violated Law Number 51 of 1960 concerning the prohibition of using land without the rightful permission or legal proxy."
Depok: Fakultas Hukum Universitas Indonesia, 2023
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Azizah Amatullah Fitri
Tanggung Jawab Keperdataan dan Sanksi Hukum Terhadap Perbuatan Notaris yang Membuat Akta Perjanjian Pengikatan Jual Beli dan Kuasa Menjual Tanpa Sepengetahuan Pemilik Tanah (Studi Putusan Pengadilan Negeri Surabaya Nomor 963/Pdt.G/2016/PN.Sby) = Civil Liability and Legal Sanctions Against Acts of a Notary Who Makes a Deed Commitment of Sale and Purchase Agreement and Selling Authorization Without Knowledge of the Landowner (Study of District Court Decision Surabaya Number 963/Pdt.G/2016/ PN.Sby)
"Penelitian ini berfokus pada tanggung jawab dan sanksi hukum terhadap notaris dengan studi pada putusan Pengadilan Negeri Surabaya Nomor 963/Pdt.G/2016/PN.Sby. Dalam putusan tersebut, notaris dinyatakan melakukan perbuatan melawan hukum, karena akta yang dibuat di hadapan notaris memuat keterangan palsu. Dalam hal ini, notaris telah melanggar kewajiban hukumnya sebagai seorang pejabat umum. Untuk itu, permasalahan yang diangkat adalah mengenai tanggung jawab keperdataaan notaris, yang telah membuat dan menerbitkan Akta Perjanjian Pengikatan Jual Beli dan Kuasa Menjual tanpa sepengetahuan dari pemilik tanah dan sanksi hukum terhadap notaris. Untuk menjawab permasalahan tersebut digunakan metode penelitian hukum yuridis normatif, dengan bahan hukum yang diperoleh melalui studi dokumen, yang selanjutnya dianalisis secara kualitatif. Hasil analisis yang diperoleh adalah notaris bertanggung jawab bahwa perbuatan notaris dinyatakan sebagai perbuatan melawan hukum dan membatalkan akta yang telah dibuat dan diterbitkan notaris, disertai sanksi hukum untuk mengganti kerugian denda sejumlah uang, berdasarkan Pasal 1365 KUH Perdata. Kemudian, sanksi hukum terhadap notaris, selain sanksi perdata, notaris memenuhi kriteria untuk dijatuhi sanksi administrasi peringatan tertulis yang diberikan oleh Majelis Pengawas Wilayah, berdasarkan Pasal 5 ayat (1) huruf b Peraturan Menteri Hukum dan Hak Asasi Manusia Nomor 61 Tahun 2016. Sanksi pidana, berupa sanksi penjara paling lama 4 (empat) tahun 8 (delapan) bulan, berdasarkan Pasal 266 ayat (1) jo. 56 ayat (1) jo. 57 ayat (1) KUH Pidana, akibat membantu menyediakan sarana untuk melakukan suatu tindak pidana, dengan membuat dan menerbitkan akta yang memuat keterangan palsu.
This research focuses on legal responsibilities and sanctions against notaries with a study on the decision of the District Court Surabaya Number 963/Pdt.G/2016/PN. Sby. In the ruling, the notary is declared to have committed an act against the law, because the deed made before the notary contains false information In this case, the notary has violated his legal obligations as a public official. Therefore, the issue raised is about the civil responsibility of the notary, who has made and issued a Deed Commitment of Sale and Purchase Agreement and Selling Authorization without the knowledge of the landowner and legal sanctions against notaries. To answer the problem is used normative juridical legal research methods, with legal material obtained through the study of documents, which are then analyzed qualitatively. The result of the analysis obtained is that the notary is responsible that the notary act is declared as an act against the law and cancel the deed that has been made and issued by the notary, accompanied by legal sanctions to compensate for the loss of a fine of some money, based on Article 1365 of the Civil Code. Then, legal sanctions against notaries, in addition to civil sanctions, notaries meet the criteria to be sentenced to administrative sanctions written warning given by the Regional Supervisory Assembly, based on Article 5 paragraph (1) letter b of Regulation of the Minister of Law and Human Rights No. 61 of 2016. Criminal sanctions, in the form of prison sentences maximum 4 (four) years 8 (eight) months, based on Article 266 paragraph (1) jo. 56 paragraph (1) jo. 57 paragraph (1) Criminal Code, as a result of helping provide means to commit a criminal act, by making and issuing a deed containing false information"
Depok: Fakultas Hukum Universitas Indonesia, 2021
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Nur Hariandi
Indikasi perbuatan melawan hukum oleh Yayasan Perbankan Indonesia dalam pemberian dana 100 miliar untuk memperbaiki Citra Bank Indonesia = Indication of unlawful act by Indonesia Banking Foundation in the giving of 100 million fund to rehabilitate the image of Bank of Indonesia
"Tesis ini membahas indikasi perbuatan melawan hukum yang dilakukan oleh Yayasan Pengembangan Perbankan Indonesia (YPPI), pada saat yayasan memberikan dana sebesar 100 miliar untuk memperbaiki citra Bank Indonesia. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian deskriptif eksploratif dengan pendekatan yuridis normatif. Permasalahan yang diangkat perihal konsep tujuan berdirinya yayasan, dan tindakan YPPI apakah telah sesuai dengan konsep tersebut serta indikasi perbuatan melawan hukum yang dilakukan oleh YPPI. Kesimpulan yang diperoleh adalah Konsep tujuan pendirian yayasan untuk tujuan-tujuan sosial dan kemanusiaan. Yayasan merupakan organisasi nirlaba yang bergerak untuk kepentingan umum dan kemanfaatan publik (public benefif). Tujuan YPPI dalam anggaran dasarnya adalah bergerak di bidang sosial untuk meningkatkan sumber daya manusia melalui kegiatan-kegiatan seperti menyelenggarakan pendidikan, pendidikan umum, peningkatan pengetahuan dan keterampilan di bidang ekonomi, perbankan, termasuk pelatihan, seminar, lokakarya, dan penelitian. Dengan tindakan pengurus dan pengawas YPPI yang memberikan dana 100 miliar kepada orang-orang tertentu, selain untuk kepentingan sosial dan kemanusiaan, telah melanggar nilai ideal tujuan pendirian yayasan, yaitu untuk kepentingan umum dan kemanfaatan publik (public benefif). Tindakan Badan Hukum YPPI terindikasikan melakukan perbuatan melawan hukum dalam pemberian dana 100 miliar untuk memperbaiki citra BI. Perbuatan melawan hukum badan hukum yayasan sesuai dengan Pasal 1365 KUHPerdata. Perbuatan organ-organ yayasan tersebut, melanggar asas kepatutan dan melanggar hak subjektif masyarakat. Perbuatan tersebut juga bertentangan dengan prinsip kehatian-hatian yang seharusnya dimiliki oleh organ-oragan yayasan.
This Thesis is discussing the indication of unlawful act which was done by Indonesia Development Banking Foundation (YPPI), when the foundation gave fund in the amount of Rp. 100 million to rehabilitate the image of Bank of Indonesia. This research is a descriptive explorative research using juridical normative approach. Problem arisen here is regarding the concept of the foundation’s establishment, and the act of YPPI whether it was done accordingly to such concept also the indication of unlawful acts which were done by YPPI. The conclusion achieved is that the Concept of the purpose of the foundation establishment which is for social and humanity purposes. The foundation is a non- profit organization which has activities for general interest and public benefit. The purpose of YPPI in its Articles of Association is having activities in social field to enhance human resources through activities such as holding education, general education, improvement in the knowledge and skill of economic, banking, including holding training, seminar, workshop, and research. By doing such act of those board of directors and advisors of YPPI which had given 100 million fund to certain people, other than for social and humanity interests, had violated the ideal value of the purposes establishment of the foundation, which is for general interest and public benefit. The act of YPPI Legal Entity was indicated doing unlawful act in giving the 100 million fund to rehabilitate the Bank Indonesia’s image. The unlawful act of foundation as legal entity was according to the Article of 1365 Civil Code Law. The act of such organs of the foundation. has violated the reasonable principles and the subjective rights of the people. That act was also violated the careful principles which are belong to the organs of such foundation."
Depok: Fakultas Hukum Universitas Indonesia, 2009
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