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Abstrak :
ABSTRAK
Argumen mengenai lsquo;hak rsquo; dan lsquo;equality rsquo; banyak digunakan beberapa tahun belakangan ini dalam menuntut legalisasi perkawinan sesama jenis oleh para pendukungnya. Penerapan prinsip equality dalam tuntutan legalisasi perkawinan sesama jenis adalah berkaitan erat dengan konsep hak asasi manusia karena prinsip equality merupakan salah satu prinsip penting dalam konsep tersebut. Putusan Mahkamah Agung Amerika Serikat dalam kasus Obergefell et al. v. Hodges, Director, Ohio Department of Health merupakan putusan pengadilan yang terbaru mengenai perkawinan sesama jenis dan merupakan putusan penting yang mengubah secara radikal mengenai keabsahan perkawinan sesama jenis di Amerika Serikat dan mempunyai pengaruh besar ke Negara ndash; Negara lain. Penelitian ini menganalisis putusan Mahkamah Agung Amerika Serikat tersebut, khususnya mengenai penerapan prinsip equality. Penelitian ini juga menganalisis mengenai perkawinan sesama jenis di Indonesia, apabila ditinjau dari perspektif universalitas dan relativisme budaya dalam hukum hak asasi manusia. Disimpulkan bahwa penerapan prinsip equality dalam Putusan Mahkamah Agung Amerika Serikat tersebut secara khusus dan dalam isu perkawinan sesama jenis secara umum adalah tidak tepat. Di Indonesia, dari perspektif universalitas ndash; relativisme budaya hak asasi manusia maupun dari penerapan prinsip equality, disimpulkan bahwa perkawinan sesama jenis tidak dapat dilegalisasi.

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ABSTRACT
The lsquo rights rsquo and lsquo equality rsquo arguments have been widely used in the last couple of years by the same sex marriage supporters in claiming the legalization of same sex marriage. The principle of equality in same sex marriage legalization claims is closely related with the concept of human rights on the ground that the principle of equality is considered as one of the most important principles in the said concept. The decision of the Supreme Court of the United States of America in Obergefell et al. v. Hodges, Director, Ohio Department of Health is the latest decision concerning the legalization of same sex marriage that changes radically the legality of same sex marriage in the United States and may affect other nations. This research analyzes the said Decision, specifically on the application of the principle of equality. This research also analyzes the same sex marriage issue in Indonesia from the perspective of universality and cultural relativism of human rights. The conclusion of this research is that the principle of equality in the Decision of the Supreme Court of the United States of America was not correctly applied and therefore it cannot be used in the same sex marriage claims. And in Indonesia, it can be concluded that from the perspective of universality and cultural relativism of human rights, same sex marriage cannot be legalized.

Abstrak :
Anak merupakan salah satu populasi yang terdampak dalam aspek kesehatan akibat infeksi coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19). Meskipun angka kejadian COVID-19 pada populasi anak lebih kecil dibandingkan dengan populasi usia yang lebih tua, upaya pencegahan infeksi COVID-19 pada anak tetap perlu diperhatikan dan diusahakan. Salah satu upaya pencegahan yang dapat dilakukan adalah meningkatkan daya tahan tubuh untuk dapat meminimalisir risiko infeksi pada anak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi upaya orangtua meningkatkan daya tahan tubuh anak selama pandemi COVID-19 berdasarkan kebudayaan daerah Sumatera Barat, DKI Jakarta, Jawa Barat, Kalimantan Timur, dan Sulawesi Selatan. Penelitian menggunakan kuesioner berisi 13 item pertanyaan yang dikembangkan berdasarkan teori Culture Care Diversity and Universality oleh Leininger. Penelitian dilaksanakan dengan metode pendekatan survei secara daring yang melibatkan 106 orangtua dengan menggunakan teknik pengambilan sampel jenis non-proportional quota sampling. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat persamaan upaya (culture care universality) melalui pendekatan faktor kekerabatan (69,8%), sosial (49,1%), kebijakan dan peraturan yang berlaku (78,3 %), pengetahuan (85,8%), dan pemanfaatan tanaman obat keluarga (65,1 %), serta terdapat variasi budaya (culture care diversity) melalui pendekatan teknologi, agama dan falsafah hidup, gaya hidup, pemanfaatan sarana atau fasilitas kesehatan, serta jenis TOGA yang digunakan dalam praktik peningkatan daya tahan tubuh anak selama pandemi berdasarkan kebudayaan berbagai daerah. ......Children are one of the populations affected by health aspects due to infection with coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19). Although the incidence of COVID-19 in the pediatric population is smaller than the older population, efforts to prevent COVID-19 infection in children still need to be considered and sought. One of the prevention efforts that can be done is to increase immunity to minimize the risk of infection in children. The research aims to identify the efforts of parents to increase their child's immunity during the COVID-19 pandemic based on the regional culture of West Sumatra, DKI Jakarta, West Java, East Kalimantan, and South Sulawesi. The study used a questionnaire containing 13 question items which were developed from the theory of Culture Care Diversity and Universality by Leininger. The research was conducted using an online survey approach involving 106 parents using a non-proportional quota sampling technique. The results showed that there were similarities in efforts (culture care universality) through the approach of kinship factors (69.8%), social (49.1%), applicable policies and regulations (78.3%), knowledge (85.8%), resistance and utilization of family medicinal plants (65.1% %), as well as the presence of culture through a variety of approaches to technology, religion and philosophy of life, lifestyle, utilization of health facilities or facilities, and type of TOGA used in the practice of increasing children’s immunity during pandemic based on regional culture.