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Abstrak :
ABSTRAK
Penelitian ini membahas mengenai kekerasan rasial di Jerman yang dilakukan oleh skinhead. Pasca unifikasi, Jerman dihadapkan dengan masalah baru, yaitu masuknya imigran yang secara perlahan tapi pasti meningkat. Peningkatan jumlah imigran menyebabkan terjadinya gesekan sosial antara imigran dan warga asli Jerman yang secara tidak langsung meningkatkan ultranasionalis di Jerman, salah satunya adalah skinhead. Munculnya skinhead dan peningkatan jumlah imigran di Jerman ternyata berdampak kepada sering terjadinya kekerasan rasial terhadap imigran. Penelitian ini akan menganlisis mengenai kebangkitan ultranasionalis Jerman dan kekerasan rasial terhadap imigran pada masa kepemimpinan Kanselir Angela Merkel dengan menggunakan konsep ultranasionalis, konsep kekerasan rasial, dan teori intergovermentalisme. Ternyata Jerman telah memiliki regulasi yang dibuat berdasarkan sejarah masa lalu mengenai pelarangan dan penyebaran tindakan yang merujuk kepada ideologi Nazi dan rasisme, termasuk juga pelarangan terhadap tindakan kekerasan rasial terhadap imigran dan etnis minoritas. Tetapi sayangnya walaupun regulasi terkait dengan pelarangan hal tersebut sudah dibuat, kekerasan rasial terhadap imigran masih tetap terjadi.

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ABSTRACT
This study analyze the racist violence in Germany by skinheads. After the unification, Germany face a new problem, namely the entry of immigrants who slowly but steadily increased. The increasing number of immigrants turned out a social friction between immigrants and native Germans. The friction that occurred between immigrants and native Germans indirectly increased ultranationalists in Germany, one of which was skinheads. The emergence of skinheads and the increase in the number of immigrants in Germany turned out to have an impact on the frequent occurrence of racial violence against immigrants. This article analyse the rise of German ultranationalist and racial violence against immigrants during Chancellor Angela Merkel reign using ultranationalist concept, racist violence concept and intergovernmentalism theory. It is found that it turns out that Germany has regulations made based on past history regarding the prohibition of dissemination and actions that refer to Nazi idealism and racism, including the prohibition of racial violence against immigrants and ethnic minorities. But it is unfortunate that even though regulations regarding this matter have been made, racial violence against immigrant in Germany is still happening