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"It is widely known that the Bugis people, originally from

South Sulawesi, have been migrating to many places,

including both the Indonesian and Malaysian sides of the

borders today. The translocal and transnational movements

of the Bugis people, especially to North Kalimantan of

Indonesia and Sabah and Johor of Malaysia, have occurred

in several waves, particularly during the 17th century,

around 1965 and from 1980 to the present. The fall of the

kingdom of Somba Opu in South Sulawesi and the rise

Dutch colonial power have been the triggers for the early movement of the Bugis to both the Indonesian and

Malaysian borders. This was followed by the second push of

the Islamic rebellion in South Sulawesi, around 1965,

creating another big wave of Bugis movement. The most

recent one has been mainly due to economic reasons. These

different phases of the movements, as well as the dynamic

interplay of various aspects, such as citizenship, ethnic, and

sub-ethnic groupings, practicing of cultural traditions and

keeping the language, to mention a few, have contributed to

the process of the construction of the multiple identities of

the Bugis. Indeed, the Bugis people are no longer identified

or identify themselves as a single group, but rather have

fluid and contesting identities. This paper will discuss three

main issues: the history of the translocal and transnational

movements of the Bugis to North Kalimantan, Sabah and

Johor; the process of adaptation to these new places; and

the construction of Bugis identities."

"Previous studies on Indonesian music focused on cultural heritage and traditional preservation or western-style modern music such as pop and rock music. Both were perceived as separate genre, even modern music often downplayed traditional one. The author argues analysis of hybrid genre like keroncong and dangdut would provide more complicated picture than such dichotomy. He explained long history of cultural exchanges in various parts of Indonesia which showed these two genres influenced each other. As a case study the author presents urban music as main character of urban social lives in Indonesia. This article depicts street music and campursari in Yogyakarta and linking it to popular cultures in some cities. Popular culture refers to informal recreation in different social settings. Eventually, this article reveals new ways to understand relation between music style and social identity in urban Indonesia."