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Abstrak :
Tulisan ini akan menjelaskan pemahaman akan ruang arsitektur yang didasarkan pada pengetahuan akan cara hewan berkomunikasi dengan memodifikasi lingkungan tempat mereka tinggal. Cara hewan berkomunikasi dengan memodifikasi lingkungan membentuk interaksi tersebut disebut sebagai stigmergy, yang merupakan bentuk interaksi hewan-hewan yang dimediasi. Pembahasan akan diawali dengan penjelasan akan fenomena stigmergy yang terkait dengan proses interaksi hewan dan lingkungan bertinggalnya yang meninggalkan berbagai bentuk jejak. Tulisan ini berargumen bahwa proses terjadinya stigmergy dapat menjadi basis pengembangan suatu program ruang arsitektur. Proses penulisan ini membahas scenario proses stigmergy pada beberapa koloni hewan serangga yang berbasis tiga komponen utama dari stigmergy, yaitu Agent, Medium dan Traces. Penulisan yang dilakukan berfokus pada bagaimana stigmergy yang merupakan proses alam memperlihatkan suatu interaksi antara agent pada suatu medium yang akhirnya akan meninggalkan traces. Temuan akan mekanisme interaksi ini diharapkan dapat memberikan pemahaman akan programming arsitektur berbasis interaksi antara manusia, hewan dan lingkungan dalam suatu sistem ekologi. Pengembangan desain dengan menggunakan metode stigmergy ini ditujukan untuk hewan yakni insect dan memanfaatkan mekanisme sosial dari Insect dalam menyusun programming dan spasialnya. Dimana metode stigmergy ini menghasilkan mekanisme atau sistem-sitem yang dapat dikembangkan dalam perancangan arsitektur insect dalam menyuburkan tanah. ......This paper explores the understanding of architectural spaces driven by the knowledge that animals communicate by modifying the environment in which they live. The way animals communicate by modifying the environment forms an interaction is referred to as stigmergy, a mediated form of animals interaction. The paper elaborates the process of stigmergy, in which animal colonies communicate with their living environment and leave different kinds of spatial traces. The paper argues that the stigmergy process can be potentially used as the basis of architectural programming. This writing explores multiple scenarios of the process of stigmergy in several insect colonies, highlighting the mechanism of stigmergy that is driven by three main components of stigmergy, namely Agent, Medium, and Traces. The writing focuses on how in stigmergy the agent interacts within a particular medium and creates traces in spaces. Findings on such mechanism of interaction are expected to inform architectural programming that is based on the interaction between humans, animals, and the environment as integrated ecological systems. The development of design using the stigmergy method is used for animals, namely insects, and utilizes the social mechanisms of insects in composing programming and spatial. This stigmergy method produces mechanisms or systems that can be developed in the design of insect architecture in fertilizing the soil.

Abstrak :
Using original and archival material, The Right to Privacy traces the origins and influence of the right to privacy as a social, cultural and legal idea. Richardson argues that this right had emerged as an important legal concept across a number of jurisdictions by the end of the nineteenth century, providing a basis for its recognition as a universal human right in later centuries. This book is a unique contribution to the history of the modern right to privacy. It covers the transition from Georgian to Victorian England, developments in Second Empire France, insights in the lead up to the Bürgerliches Gesetzbuch (BGB) of 1896, and the experience of a rapidly modernising America around the turn of the twentieth century. It will appeal to an audience of academic and postgraduate researchers, as well as to the judiciary and legal practice.

Abstrak :
Penulisan ini bertujuan untuk memahami proses adaptasi ruang yang dilakukan pada sebuah hunian dengan mengamati jejak fisik yang ditinggalkan. Skripsi ini diawali dengan kajian literatur mengenai adaptasi ruang dan juga jejak sebagai komunikasi non-verbal. Metode pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan dua cara, yakni melalui penelusuran jejak fisik dan wawancara. Dalam upaya memahami proses adaptasi ruang pada hunian, dilakukan pendekatan terhadap konsep adaptive traces yang menjadi manifestasi kegiatan manusia di dalam ruang. Strategi adaptasi ruang yang dapat dilakukan oleh pengguna dibagi menjadi tiga jenis, yaitu adaptasi by reaction, by adjustment dan juga by withdrawal. Dalam proses ini, baik pengguna dan ruang memiliki perannya masing – masing. Pengguna dapat melakukan tiga tindakan yang disederhanakan kedalam tiga golongan: Penambahan; Eliminasi; dan Perpindahan. Di sisi lain, ruang dipisahkan menjadi 6 lapisan yang dapat berubah pada rentang waktu tertentu. Pada penulisan ini, lapisan yang dibahas adalah Stuff dimana perubahan dapat dilakukan sehari – hari. Berdasarkan pembahasan yang telah dilakukan, ditemukan bahwa dalam sebuah satu pengaturan fisik ruang, dapat terjadi beberapa jenis adaptasi. Faktor yang mendorong adanya proses adaptasi pun beragam, mulai dari kebiasaan penghuni, kebutuhan akan privasi, hingga faktor medis ......This essay aims to comprehend the spatial adaptation process by observing physical traces left behind. This study begins with a literature review on spatial adaptation and physical traces as nonverbal communication. The data was collected using two methods: observing physical traces and interviews. An approach is taken to the notion of adaptive traces, which are the product of human adaptation in a physical setting, to understand the adaptation process. There are three types of spatial adaptation strategies: adaptation by reaction; adaptation by adjustment; and adaptation by withdrawal. In the process of spatial adaptation, both users and space have their own role. Inhabitants can do three basic acts when adapting: addition; elimination; and displacement. Space, on the other hand, is divided into six layers that may change throughout time. The layer discussed in this essay is ‘Stuff’ in which changes may be made on a daily basis. Based on the discussion, it has been discovered that various forms of adaptation can occur in a single physical setting. The variables that drive the adaptation process differ as well, ranging from inhabitants' routines to the desire for privacy to medical considerations.

Abstrak :
This book investigates the fascinating concept of a continuum between human memory and memory of materials. The first part provides state-of-the-art information on shape memory alloys and outlines a brief history of memory from the ancient Greeks to the present day, describing phenomenological, philosophical, and technical approaches such as neuroscience. Then, using a wealth of anecdotes, data from academic literature, and original research, this short book discusses the concepts of post-memory, memristors and forgiveness, highlights the analogies between materials defects and memory traces in the human brain. Lastly, it tackles questions of how human memory and memory of materials work together and interact. With insights from materials mechanics, neuroscience and philosophy, it enables readers to understand and continue this open debate on human memory.