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"Background: The purpose of this study was to provide a reference of chronic diabetes complications by investigatingthe prolonged hyperglycemia effects on hematological, biochemical and histopathological changes (liver, kidney,spleen, cardiac muscle, adrenal gland, and endocrine pancreas) in diabetic rats induced by streptozotocin. Methods:Ten adult female Sprague-Dawley of uniform age were divided into two Groups. Group 1 was made diabetic by singleintraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (60 mg/kg/bw) whereas Group 2 served as control. After six months, the ratswere anesthetized using pentobarbital. Cardiac puncture was performed to get 3 ml of the blood sample; following 12hours of an overnight fast. Serum chemistry test and complete blood analysis for lipid profile and blood glucose test;liver and renal functions were performed. Tissue specimens of liver, kidney, spleen, cardiac muscle, adrenal gland, andendocrine pancreas were fixed in 10% formal saline and processed for histological study. Results: There were severehistopathological changes in the affected organs; and the presence of a significant abnormality of lipid profile, liver, andrenal functions. Conclusions: The presence of histopathological changes with abnormal biochemical changes is relatedto the chronic absence of insulin production in the destroyed β –cells which reflect the diabetic complications in ahuman being."

"The purpose of this study was to provide a reference of chronic diabetes complications by investigating the prolonged hyperglycemia effects on hematological, biochemical and histopathological changes (liver, kidney, spleen, cardiac muscle, adrenal gland, and endocrine pancreas) in diabetic rats induced by streptozotocin.

Methods: Ten adult female Sprague-Dawley of uniform age were divided into two Groups. Group 1 was made diabetic by single intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (60 mg/kg/bw) whereas Group 2 served as control. After six months, the rats were anesthetized using pentobarbital. Cardiac puncture was performed to get 3 ml of the blood sample; following 12 hours of an overnight fast. Serum chemistry test and complete blood analysis for lipid profile and blood glucose test; liver and renal functions were performed. Tissue specimens of liver, kidney, spleen, cardiac muscle, adrenal gland, and endocrine pancreas were fixed in 10% formal saline and processed for histological study.

Results: There were severe histopathological changes in the affected organs; and the presence of a significant abnormality of lipid profile, liver, and renal functions.

Conclusions: The presence of histopathological changes with abnormal biochemical changes is related to the chronic absence of insulin production in the destroyed β ?cells which reflect the diabetic complications in a human being."

"Latar Belakang: Kurkumin diketahui sebagai antiinflamasi, antioksidan, antiproliferatif, dan antiangiogenik, sehingga menjadi salah satu alternatif terapi diabetes tipe 2 dengan menghambat progresifitasnya. Dengan sediaan nanopartikel availibilitasnya semakin meningkat. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk melihat adanya efek nanokurkumin terhadap komplikasi diabetes melitus khususnya kardiomiopati yang dinilai dengan ekspresi mRNA B-type natriuretic peptide BNP pada jaringan jantung. Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan jaringan tersimpan dari penelitian yang telah dilakukan sebelumnya. Jaringan kemudian dibuat menjadi cDNA dari sintesis isolasi RNA jaringan jantung tikus. Diabetes tipe 2 pada tikus dibuat dengan menginjeksikan streptozotocin dan nicotinamide. Nanokurkumin diberikan dalam dosis 100mg/kgBB/hari selama 30 hari. Tingkat ekspresi mRNA BNP-45 diukur dengan qRT-PCR dan dihitung dengan metode Livak. Hasil: Terdapat peningkatan ekspresi mRNA BNP-45 pada kelompok DM terhadap kelompok normal. Pemberian nanokurkumin sebanyak 100mg/KgBB selama 30 hari pada kelompok DM NK menghasilkan rasio ekspresi mRNA BNP-45 lebih rendah secara statistik terhadap kelompok DM. Kesimpulan: Nanokurkumin dapat menekan ekspresi mRNA BNP-45 pada jantung tikus yang diinduksi streptozotocin dan nicotinamide pada tingkat dosis 100mg/kgBB/hari selama 30 hari.

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Background: Curcumin is known as anti inflammatory, antioxidant, antiproliferative, and antiangiogenic. Therefore it is promising to become alternative treatment of type 2 diabetic by inhibiting its progressiveness. From previous study, it was reported that bioavailability of curcumin increases in form of nanoparticles. This study was conducted to see the effect of nanacurcumin on cardiomyopathy assessed by the expression of B type natriuretic peptide BNP mRNA in heart tissue.

Method: This experimental study used stored tissue from previous research. Then the tissue changed to cDNA from RNA isolation synthesis of rats heart tissue. The type 2 diabetic in rat was induced by streptozotocin and nicotinamide. Nanocurcumin was given orally at the dose 100mg kgBW day for 30 days. The expression level of BNP 45 mRNA was measured by qRT PCR and calculated by the Livak method.

Result: There was an increased ratio of expression of BNP 45 mRNA in the DM group against the normal group. Nanocurcumin 100mg KgBB administered orally for 30 days in the DM NK group resulted in a statistically lower ration of BNP 45 mRNA expression than the DM Group.

Conclusion: Nanocurcumin may suppress expression of BNP 45 mRNA in the heart of rats induced streptozotocin and nicotinamide at a dose level of 100 mg kgBW day for 30 days."

"Pengembangan model hewan sindrom metabolik masih diperlukan untuk memberikan pemahaman yang lebih baik mengenai pemilihan model hewan eksperimental yang dapat mewakili patofisiologi sindrom metabolik pada manusia. Pemberian diet tinggi lemak dan streptozotocin dosis rendah pada hewan coba diketahui berpotensi menggambarkan berbagai kelainan metabolik akibat resistensi insulin dan obesitas. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengevaluasi pengaruh pemberian diet tinggi lemak dan varian streptozotocin dosis rendah terhadap kadar glukosa plasma sebagai salah satu parameter penilaian komponen sindrom metabolik. Studi dilakukan terhadap empat kelompok, terdiri dari kelompok normal (N: diet standar dan dapar sitrat pH 4,5), model 1 (M1: diet tinggi lemak-streptozotocin 25 mg/kg BB), model 2 (M2: diet tinggi lemak-streptozotocin 35 mg/kg BB), model 3 (M3: diet tinggi lemak-streptozotocin 45 mg/kg BB). Pemberian induksi diet tinggi lemak peroral sehari sekali selama 49 hari disertai dengan injeksi intraperitoneal streptozotocin dosis rendah pada hari ke-28. Pemberian induksi diet tinggi lemak sebelum injeksi streptozotocin tidak memengaruhi kadar glukosa plasma secara bermakna (p > 0,05). Namun, pada akhir penelitian kadar glukosa plasma kelompok model 1 dan 2 menunjukkan peningkatan kadar glukosa plasma melebihi 200 mg/dL secara bermakna (p < 0,05) berbanding dengan kelompok normal. Pemberian streptozotocin dosis rendah juga menunjukkan adanya aktivitas dose-dependent dosis 25 dan 35 mg/kg BB, meskipun tidak terdapat perbedaan yang bermakna (p > 0,05) antar kelompok model. Dosis induksi streptozotocin yang paling optimal dalam penelitian ini adalah 25 mg/kg BB.

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The development of animal models of metabolic syndrome still needed to provide a better understanding of the selection of experimental animal models that can represent metabolic syndrome pathophysiology clinically. Administration of high-fat diets and low doses of streptozotocin in experimental animals is known potentially represent various metabolic disorders due to insulin resistance and obesity. This study aims to evaluate the effect of high-fat diets and low-dose streptozotocin variants on plasma glucose level as one of assessment parameters of the metabolic syndrome component. The study was conducted on four groups, consisting of normal groups (standard diet and citrate buffer pH 4.5), model 1 (high-fat diet and streptozotocin 25 mg/kg BW), model 2 (high-fat diet and streptozotocin diet 35 mg/kg BW), model 3 (high-fat diet and streptozotocin 45 mg/kg BW). Induction oral of high-fat diet once a day for 49 days accompanied by a low-dose injection of intraperitoneal streptozotocin on the day 28. Induction of a high-fat diet before streptozotocin injection not significantly influence (p > 0,05) plasma glucose levels. However, at the end of the study the plasma glucose level of model group 1 and 2 showed increased plasma glucose levels exceeding 200 mg/dL significantly (p < 0,05) compared to the normal group. Administration low-dose streptozotocin also showed a dose-dependent activity of 25 and 35 mg/kg BW, although there were no significant differences (p < 0,05) between the model groups. The most optimal dose of streptozotocin induction in this study was 25 mg/kg BW."

"ABSTRAK

Kaptopril diketahui memiliki efek menurunkan kadar glukosa darah dengan meningkatkan sensitivitas insulin. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh kaptopril pada tikus diabetes yang diinduksi diet tinggi lemak dan streptozotocin dosis rendah. Penelitian ini menggunakan 42 ekor tikus Sprague-Dawley jantan yang dikelompokkan menjadi enam kelompok (n = 7). Satu kelompok normal tidak diobati dan lima kelompok (negatif, positif, dan tiga kelompok variasi dosis kaptopril) diinduksi dengan diet tinggi lemak dan streptozotocin dosis rendah. Kelompok negatif diberi CMC 0,5%, kelompok positif diberi dosis Metformin 90 mg / 200g / hari secara oral, dan tiga kelompok kaptopril dosis bervariasi 25 mg / kg BB / hari tikus / hari secara oral; 50 mg / kg berat badan tikus / hari secara oral; 100 mg / kg BB secara oral. Tikus diinduksi dengan diet tinggi lemak (diet standar: kuning telur puyuh: mentega: sirup jagung fruktosa tinggi, 50%: 30%: 10%: 10%) selama 28 hari, dan kemudian disuntik dengan streptozotocin dosis rendah ( 30 mg / kg BB ip), kemudian dievaluasi pada hari ke 35, dilanjutkan dengan pemberian oral bahan uji dan standar selama 14 hari, dan dievaluasi setiap 7 hari. Semua dosis kaptopril menurunkan kadar glukosa secara signifikan (p <0,05). Kekuatan kaptopril mirip dengan metformin untuk menurunkan kadar glukosa, kaptopril dan metformin dapat menurunkan kadar glukosa darah kembali normal. Berdasarkan hasil tersebut, kaptopril memiliki efek potensial sebagai agen anti hiperglikemik.

ABSTRACT

Captopril is known to have the effect of lowering blood glucose levels by increasing insulin sensitivity. This study aims to determine the effect of captopril on diabetic rats induced by a diet high in fat and low dose of streptozotocin. This study used 42 male Sprague-Dawley rats which were divided into six groups (n = 7). One untreated normal group and five groups (negative, positive, and three groups of captopril dose variation) were induced with a high-fat diet and low-dose streptozotocin. The negative group was given 0.5% CMC, the positive group was given a dose of Metformin 90 mg / 200g / day orally, and the three groups of captopril had varied doses of 25 mg / kg BW / day rats / day orally; 50 mg / kg body weight of rats / day orally; 100 mg / kg BW orally. Rats were induced on a high-fat diet (standard diet: quail egg yolk: butter: high fructose corn syrup, 50%: 30%: 10%: 10%) for 28 days, and then injected with a low dose of streptozotocin (30 mg / kg BW ip), then evaluated on day 35, followed by oral administration of the test material and standard for 14 days, and evaluated every 7 days. All captopril doses decreased glucose levels significantly (p <0.05). Captopril strength is similar to metformin to lower glucose levels, captopril and metformin can lower blood glucose levels back to normal. Based on these results, captopril has a potential effect as an anti-hyperglycemic agent."

"Sindrom metabolik merupakan kumpulan abnormalitas metabolik dengan karakteristik obesitas abdominal, dislipidemia aterogenik, peningkatan tekanan darah, dan resistensi insulin disertai intoleransi glukosa. Metode induksi diet tinggi lemak dan streptozotosin dosis rendah berpotensi membentuk model hewan sindrom metabolik namun pengaruh terhadap parameter antropometri masih perlu diamati. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui pengaruh kombinasi diet tinggi lemak dan streptozotosin serta variasi dosis streptozotosin terhadap parameter antropometri. Sebanyak 32 tikus Wistar dibagi menjadi 4 kelompok, yaitu kelompok normal, diet tinggi lemak-streptozotosin 25 mg/kg, diet tinggi lemak-streptozotosin 35 mg/kg, dan diet tinggi lemak-streptozotosin 45 mg/kg. Pemberian induksi diet tinggi lemak dilakukan selama 49 hari dengan induksi streptozotosin dilakukan pada hari ke-28 secara intraperitoneal. Hasil menunjukkan pemberian diet tinggi lemak selama 27 hari dapat meningkatkan berat badan, lingkar perut, BMI, Lee index. Pasca pemberian streptozotosin, terjadi penurunan BMI, Lee index dan lingkar perut namun berat badan tetap meningkat hingga akhir penelitian. Kelompok yang diberi dosis 25 mg/kg memiliki peningkatan berat badan yang lebih tinggi serta penurunan lingkar perut, BMI, dan Lee index yang lebih besar dibanding kelompok dosis 35 mg/kg. Streptozotosin dosis 45 mg/kg menyebabkan kematian hewan uji sebesar 87,5%. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa pemberian diet tinggi lemak selama 28 hari dapat meningkatkan parameter antropometri sedangkan pemberian streptozotosin diikuti pemberian diet tinggi lemak menurunkan parameter antropometri kecuali berat badan. Evaluasi lebih lanjut diperlukan untuk pengembangan model hewan sindrom metabolik.

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Metabolic syndrome is a cluster of metabolic abnormalities with abdominal obesity, atherogenic dyslipidemia, increase blood pressure, and insulin resistance with glucose intolerance. A combination of high-fat diet and low-dose streptozotocin has the potential to become animal model of metabolic syndrome; however, the effect on anthropometric parameter need to be further evaluated. The aim of this study was to identify the effect of high-fat diet and low-dose streptozotocin and dosage variation of streptozotocin to anthropometric parameter. A total of 32 Wistar rats were divided into four groups: normal, high-fat diet and streptozotocin 25 mg/kg, high-fat diet and streptozotocin 35 mg/kg, and high-fat diet and streptozotocin 45 mg/kg. High-fat diet was given for 49 days with injection of streptozotocin on day 28.

The results of this study exhibited high-fat feeding for 27 days could increased body weight, abdominal circumference, BMI, Lee index. After streptozotocin injection, there was reduction in weight gain, abdominal circumference, BMI, and Lee index but body weight still increased until the end of this study. Animal group given 25 mg/kg streptozotocin gained weight and reduced abdominal circumference, BMI, and Lee index more than group given 35 mg/kg streptozotocin. Streptozotocin dosage 45 mg/kg caused death on 87.5% animals population. This study conclude high-fat diet feeding for 28 days could increased anthropometric parameter. However, streptozotocin injection followed by high-fat diet feeding could decreased anthropometric parameter except body weight. Further examination needed to develop metabolic syndrome animal model."

"Hiperglikemia menginduksi pembentukan spesies oksigen reaktif (ROS) yang dapat meningkatkan stres oksidatif pada patogenesis diabetes nefropati. Ekstrak etanol kulit batang pulosari (Alyxia reinwardtii) diketahui mengandung pulosariosida, skopoletin, flavonoid, alkaloid, tanin, dan saponin yang memiliki efek antidiabetes dan antioksidan. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui efek ekstrak etanol kulit batang pulosari pada tikus diabetes yang diinduksi oleh pakan tinggi lemak dan streptozotocin dosis rendah. Pada penelitian ini, 24 ekor tikus jantan galur Wistar dibagi menjadi enam kelompok (n = 4), yaitu kelompok normal (CMC Na 0,5%), kelompok negatif (induksi + CMC Na 0,5%), kelompok positif (induksi + Metformin 90 mg/200 g BB), kelompok dosis 1 (induksi + ekstrak 30 mg/200 g BB), dosis 2 (induksi + ekstrak 60 mg/200 g BB), dan dosis 3 (induksi + ekstrak 120 mg/200 g BB). Tikus diinduksi dengan pemberian pakan tinggi lemak yang mengandung 50% pakan standar, 20% tallow, 20% sukrosa, dan 10% mentega selama 28 hari. Kemudian, diberi injeksi streptozotocin 40 mg/kg BB dan nikotinamid 110 mg/kg BB sebanyak dua kali. Setelah kadar glukosa darah mencapai ≥ 280 mg/dL dan stabil selama 3 hari, dilanjutkan dengan pemberian ekstrak selama 21 hari. Parameter kreatinin, urea, 8-OHdG, dan MDA diukur saat sebelum dan sesudah pemberian ekstrak. Kadar kreatinin dan urea diukur menggunakan spektrofotometer UVVis, sedangkan kadar 8-OHdG dan MDA diukur menggunakan ELISA. Ekstrak pulosari secara signifikan dapat menurunkan kadar kreatinin, urea, 8-OHdG, dan MDA (p < 0,05) dan kemampuannya serupa dengan metformin.

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Hyperglycemia induces the formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) which can increase oxidative stress in the pathogenesis of diabetic nephropathy. The ethanol extract of pulosari (Alyxia reinwardtii) bark is known to contain pulosarioside, scopoletin, flavonoids, alkaloids, tannins, and saponins which have antidiabetic and antioxidant effects. This study was conducted to determine the effect of pulosari bark ethanol extract on diabetic rats induced by high-fat diet and low-dose streptozotocin. In this study, 24 male Wistar rats were divided into six groups (n = 4), namely the normal group (CMC Na 0.5%), negative group (induction + CMC Na 0.5%), positive group (induction + Metformin 90 mg/200 g BW), dose group 1 (induction + extract 30 mg/200 g BW), dose 2 (induction + extract 60 mg/200 g BW), and dose 3 (induction + extract 120 mg/200 g BW). Rats were induced by feeding high-fat diet containing 50% standar feed, 20% tallow, 20% sucrose, and 10% butter for 28 days. Then, given injection of streptozotocin 40 mg/kg BW and nicotinamide 110 mg/kg BW twice. After the blood glucose level reached ≥ 280 mg/dL and was stable for 3 days, then the extract is given for 21 days. Creatinine, urea, 8-OHdG, and MDA parameters were measured before and after administration of the extract. Creatinine and urea levels were measured using UV-Vis spectrophotometer, while 8-OHdG and MDA levels were measured using ELISA. Pulosari extract significantly reduced creatinine, urea, 8-OHdG, and MDA levels (p < 0.05) and its ability is similar to metformin. "

"Latar BelakangPrevalensi diabetes diprediksi meningkat selama beberapa tahun ke depan di mana luka diabetes itu sendiri dapat menyebabkan kecacatan seumur hidup bahkan kematian. Bonggol nanas (Ananas comosus L.) memiliki senyawa aktif yaitu bromelain yang berperan dalam penyembuhan luka. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat aktivitas penyembuhan luka dari pemberian ekstrak bonggol nanas.MetodePenelitian ini merupakan studi eksperimental in-vivo dengan melibatkan 54 tikus putih jantan Webster berusia 8-10 minggu dengan berat badan 150-200 gram yang dibagi acak menjadi 18 kelompok: kontrol negatif, kontrol positif, serta tiga kelompok dengan dosis ekstrak bonggol nanas berbeda dengan durasi 1, 2 dan 3 minggu. Sebanyak 45 tikus diinduksi diabetes dengan larutan streptozotocin dalam larutan buffer sitrat sedangkan 9 tikus lainnya dijadikan sebagai kontrol sehat. Semua tikus dicukur, dianastesi dan luka dibuat di bagian dorsal. Tikus kemudian diberikan zat yang sesuai dengan kelompok percobaan. Kelompok kontrol positif akan diberikan metformin, kontrol negatif tidak diberikan apapun, dosis 1 diberikan ekstrak 0,25 g/KgBB, dosis 2 yaitu 0,5 g/KgBB, dan dosis 3 yaitu 1 g/KgBB. Pengukuran luas luka dengan mengukur area pada plastik transparan yang sudah ditandai sesuai lukanya. Data dianalisis menggunakan perangkat lunak SPSS 29.0 dengan p < 0,05 dianggap bermakna.HasilData persentase penyembuhan luka tidak terdistribusi normal. Kelompok metformin menunjukkan persentase tertinggi pada minggu 1 dan 2. Hasil uji Kruskal-Wallis persentase penyembuhan luka menunjukkan bahwa tidak ada perbedaan bermakna antarkelompok (p = 0,959).KesimpulanPemberian ekstrak bonggol nanas (Ananas comosus L.) tidak berpengaruh terhadap penyembuhan luka diabetes pada tikus putih Jantan (Webster).

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Introduction

The prevalence of diabetes is predicted to increase over the next few years, where diabetic wounds themselves can cause lifelong disability and even death. Pineapple (Ananas comosus L.) has an active compound, bromelain, which plays a role in wound healing. This study aims to look at the wound healing activity of pineapple core extract.

Method

This study was an in-vivo experimental study involving 54 male Webster white rats aged 8-10 weeks with a body weight of 150-200 grams randomly divided into 18 groups: negative control, positive control, and three groups with different doses of pineapple stem extract with a duration of 1, 2 and 3 weeks. A total of 45 rats were induced diabetes with streptozotocin solution in citrate buffer solution while the other 9 rats served as healthy controls. All rats were shaved, anesthetized and a wound was made on the dorsal side. The rats were then administered substances corresponding to the experimental groups. The positive control group will be given metformin, the negative control is given nothing, dose 1 is given 0.25 g/KgBB extract, dose 2 is 0.5 g/KgBB, and dose 3 is 1 g/KgBB. Measurement of wound area by measuring the area on transparent plastic that has been marked according to the wound. Data were analyzed using SPSS 29.0 software with p < 0.05 considered significant.

Results

The wound healing percentage data was not normally distributed. The results of the Kruskal-Wallis test on the percentage of wound healing showed that there was no significant difference between groups (p = 0.959).

Conclusion

The administration of pineapple core extract (Ananas comosus L.) did not show a significant relationship to diabetic wound healing in male white rats (Webster)."

"Kanker usus besar merupakan penyakit yang menjadi masalah yang cukup mendesak dengan semakin banyak ditemui di orang muda dan tingkat mortalitas yang tinggi. Streptozotocin (STZ) merupakan obat yang biasa digunakan untuk menginduksi diabetes, juga memiliki sifat antibiotik dan digunakan juga dalam penanganan kanker. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat potensi STZ sebagai obat kanker usus besar, dengan melihat pengaruh STZ pada berbagai konsentrasi dan waktu inkubasi terhadap kultur sel lini kanker usus besar, HCT116, secara in vitro. Digunakan konsentrasi STZ sebesar 0, 2,5, 5, dan 10 mM, dengan waktu inkubasi 3, 6, dan 24 jam. Diamati adanya penurunan viabilitas sel setelah inkubasi dengan metode MTS assay, dengan penurunan terbesar pada konsentrasi 10 mM pada 6 jam hingga 61%. Uji DCFDA dilakukan untuk menganalisa produksi stres oksidatif dalam sel, dengan hasil kenaikan jumlah ROS rata-rata sebesar 90,95%. STZ mampu menaikkan jumlah ROS, tetapi tidak mengakibatkan kematian sel yang banyak, yang kemungkinan akibat dari ekspresi GLUT2 yang sedikit.

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Colon cancer poses as an urgent health problem with the rise of its detection amongst young adults and high mortality rate. Streptozotocin (STZ) is a drug commonly used for inducing diabetes, which also possesses antibiotic properties and is rarely used along cancer treatments. This research is done to see whether it is possible to repurpose STZ as a drug to treat colon cancer, using a variety of concentration and incubation time on HCT116 cells through in vitro experimentation. STZ with concentrations of 0, 2,5, 5, and 10 mM is used, and incubation time is done for 3, 6, and 24 hours. A decrease of cell viability has been observed through MTS assay, with the biggest decrease, resulting in 61% cell viability, happening at 10 mM after 6 hours. DCFDA test was used to observe the oxidative stress happening within the cells after being treated with STZ, resulting in an average increase of 90,95%. While STZ is able to increase ROS within the cells, it is unable to kill most of cells, in which lack of GLUT2 transporters might be the reason."

"Latar Belakang: Diabetes melitus (DM) merupakan penyakit kronik umum yang terjadi pada masyarakat modern. Setelah penyakit jantung dan kanker, penyakit DM mewakili penyebab kematian ketiga pada manusia. Diabetes melitus tipe 2 merupakan jenis yang paling umum dari penyakit DM dan DM tipe 2 dapat menyebabkan komplikasi pada jantung yang disebut sebagai diabetic cardiomyopathy. Metformin adalah obat yang meningkatkan sensivitas terhadap insulin dan banyak digunakan sebagai terapi untuk diabetes melitus tipe 2 namun metformin memiliki berbagai macam efek samping yang merugikan. Maka dari itu diperlukan suatu obat alternatif yang lebih aman untuk terapi diabetes melitus tipe 2 yaitu seperti alfa mangostin karena alfa mangostin memiliki efek antidiabetik dan kardioprotektif. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah menganalisa efek terapi alfa mangostin pada tikus dengan diabetic cardiomyopathy.Metode: Hewan percobaan yang digunakan berupa tikus jantan galur wistar. Hewan coba dibagi jadi 6 kelompok yaitu kelompok 1 diberikan pakan normal, kelompok 2 diberikan pakan normal dan senyawa alfa mangostin sebesar 200 mg/kg BB tikus,kelompok 3 diberikan pakan tinggi lemak, kelompok 4 diberikan makanan tinggi lemak dan diberikan suntikan streptozotocin lalu diberikan metformin 200 mg/kg BB tikus, kelompok 5 diberikan makanan tinggi lemak dan diberikan suntikan streptozotocin lalu diberikan alfa mangostin 100 mg/kg BB tikus dan kelompok 6 diberikan makanan tinggi lemak dan diberikan suntikan streptozotocin lalu diberikan alfa mangostin 200 mg/kg BB tikus. Gula darah diukur setiap minggu, tekanan darah dan berat badan dan berat jantung diukur pada minggu saat hewan disacrifice. Semua sampel organ jantung dan plasma dari semua kelompok hewan uji yang telah disacrifice di minggu ke 11 akan dianalisa kadar HOMA-IR, MCP-1, TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β dan dilakukan pemeriksaan histopatologi.Hasil Penelitian : Pemberian streptozotocin dan diet tinggi lemak menyebabkan gula darah tinggi, tekanan darah tinggi, nilai HOMA-IR tinggi, nilai rasio BB/BJ tinggi, kadar MCP-1, TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β tinggi dan ukuran sel kardiomiosit besar. Tetapi dengan pemberian metformin dan alfa mangostin dapat merendahkan nilai gula darah , tekanan darah , nilai HOMA-IR, nilai rasio BB/BJ, kadar MCP-1, TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β.Kesimpulan : Alfa mangostin memperlihatkan efek anti-inflamasi dan antidiabetik terhadap kadar gula darah dan jantung hewan coba yang diberikan diet tinggi lemak dan disuntik STZ.

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Background : Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a common chronic disease that occurs in modern society. After heart disease and cancer, DM represents the third leading cause of death in humans. Diabetes mellitus type 2 is the most common type of DM disease and type 2 diabetes can cause heart complications called diabetic cardiomyopathy. Metformin is a drug that increases insulin sensitivity and is widely used as a therapy for type 2 diabetes mellitus but metformin has a variety of adverse side effects. Therefore we need a safer alternative drug for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus, such as alpha mangostin because alpha mangostin has antidiabetic and cardioprotective effects. The purpose of this study was to analyze the effects of alpha mangostin therapy in rats with diabetic cardiomyopathy.

Method : Test animals or experimental animals used in the form of male wistar strain rats. Experimental animals were divided into 6 groups: group 1 was given normal food, group 2 was given normal food and alpha mangostin compound was 200 mg / kg BW rat, group 3 was given high fat food, group 4 was given high fat food and given streptozotocin injection and then given metformin 200 mg / kg body weight rat, group 5 given high fat food and given streptozotocin injection then given alpha mangostin 100 mg / kg body weight rat and group 6 given high fat food and given streptozotocin injection then given alpha mangostin 200 mg / kg body rat. Blood sugar is measured every week, blood pressure and body weight and heart weight are measured on the week when the animal is disacrifice. All cardiac organ and plasma samples from all groups of test animals that were sacrificed at week 11 will be analyzed for HOMA-IR, MCP-1, TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β levels and histopathological examination.

Result : Administration of streptozotocin and high-fat diets causes high blood sugar, high blood pressure, high HOMA-IR values, high BB / BJ ratio values, MCP-1 levels, TNF-α, IL- 6, high IL-1β and large cardiomyocyte cell sizes . But by giving metformin and alpha mangostin can lower blood sugar values, blood pressure, HOMA-IR values, BB / BJ ratio values, MCP-1 levels, TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β.

Conclusion : Alfa mangostin exhibits anti-inflammatory and antidiabetic effects on blood sugar and heart of experimental animals which are given a high-fat diet and STZ injections."