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Abstrak :
The objective of this research is to study the effects of bleaching on paper archives so the possibilities of bleaching techniques used in the restoration of archives will be known. Experiments were conducted on papers often used as the based material for the archives and archives that have hundreds years old age. Bleaching was done by soaking the solution of potassium permanganate and oxalic acid for fifteen minutes. Control papers and treated papers were analyzed for physical and chemical charasteristics, including physical condition, acid content, tear resistance and folding endurance. The effects of bleaching were known by comparing analysis results of control papers and treated papers. The results showed that the bleaching process on white paper made the color of paper darker, but on brown paper be whiter. Other results showed that bleaching process reduced the physical and chemical properties of paper and risky very much such as losing the letter on the paper, tearing, wrinkling/waving, uneven color and the emergence of new stains. The bleaching technique do not recommended for historical and national interest archives.

Abstrak :
Program jangka panjang, dengan "pendekatan berbasis pangan" untuk penanggangan kekurangan vitamin A (KVA) semakin penting peranannya. Telah dilakukan penelitian dalam rangka sistim pemantauan Vitamin A di Jawa Tengah yanig menghubungkan asupan vitamin A dengan kadar serum retinal pada ibu-ibu laktasi dengan Batita (anak bawah tiga tahun) selama krisis. Median asupan vitamin A 319 RE/d buta senja : 0,34%. Kadar serum retinal (rerata 1,23 jMnol/L} berhubungan dengan asupan vitamin A model multiple logistic regresi untuk memprediksikan peluang terjadinya pengaruh berbagai faktor determinant menunjukkan : Asupan vitamin A dari pangan nabati (OR/95% Cl] per quartile, 1 : LOO, 2': 1,63 fO.99-2.80/, 3rd: 1.99 11,58-2,991, dan 4'1': 2.62 [1,68-4,04], dari pangan hewani (V dan T1: 1,00. 3 : 137 [0,89-2,09] dan 4'h: 2,86 [1,59-3,98 j). Kebun gizi (tidak 1.00, ya 1.88 f1,08-2,68J ) dan pendidikan ibu ( sekolah lanjutan: 1,46 /1,00-2.16J ). Kontribusi asupanan vitamin A sumber nabati 16 kali lebih besar dibanding sumber hewani, sama pentingnya dalam mempengaruhi status vitamin A. Kebun gizi dan tingkat pendidikan ibu merefleksikan konsumsi pangan sumber nabati dan hewani dalam jangka panjang. (MedJ Inidones 2006; 15:259-66)

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For the Longer term food-based approaches for controlling vitamin A deficiency and its consequences, become increasingly important. A nutrition survailance system in Central-Java, Indonesia assessed vitamin A intake and serum retinal concentration of lactating women with a child <36 mo old during crisis. Median vitamin A intake was 319 RE/d and night blindness 0,34%. Serum retina! concentration (mean : 1,23 jMnol/L] was related to vitamin A intake in a dose-concentration manner. The multiple logistic regression model for predicting the chance far a scrum retinal concentration > observed median of the population (27,27 funol/L) intended determinant factors, vitamin A intake from plant foods (OR/95% Cl) per quarttie, 1" : 1.00, 2"d: 1.63 [0.99-2,80], 3nl: 1.99 [1.58-2,99], and /'': 2,62 [1,68-4,04], from, animal foods (T and 2'"': 1,00. 3"': 1,37 [0,89-2,09] and 4th: 2,86 [1,59-3,98]). Home gardening (no 1,00, yes 1.88 f 1,08-2.68}) and woman's education level (< primary school : 1,00 >secondary school: 1,46 [1,00-2,16]). Tints, although contributing 16 times more to total vitamin A intake plant foods were as important for vitamin A status as animal foods. Home gardening and woman's education level seem to reflect longer-term consumption of plant and animal foods respectively. (Med J Indones 2006; J 5:259-66)