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Abstrak :
Efek penonton terhadap perilaku manusia adalah topik yang menarik dalam bidang psikologi sosial. Eksperimen ini dilakukan untuk mereplikasi efek penonton, sebuah fenomena yang berasal dari drive theory oleh Zajonc, serta evaluation apprehension theory oleh Cottrell. Empat puluh mahasiswa dari Fakultas Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences University of Queensland secara acak dipilih untuk melakukan push-up sebanyak banyaknya dalam kondisi tanpa penonton dan dengan penonton dalam waktu 60 detik, serta menjawab kuesioner singkat setelah selesai melakukannya. Variabel dependen yang diukur dalam penelitian ini adalah performa dan evaluasi ketertekanan. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa peserta dalam kondisi dengan penonton menunjukan performa yang lebih tinggi dibanding peserta dalam kondisi tanpa penonton. Di sisi lain, tidak ada perbedaan yang signifikan antara tingkat ketertekanan dalam dua kondisi tersebut. Meskipun tidak ada temuan baru, penelitian ini tetap berguna untuk penelitian selanjutnya, khususnya efek penonton dalam bidang performa olahraga. ......Audience effect towards human behaviour is an intriguing topic in social psychology. This experiment was conducted to replicate audience effects, a phenomenon derived from Zajonc’s drive theory and Cottrell’s evaluation apprehension theory. Fourty students from the University of Queensland’s Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences (HMNS) faculty were randomly allocated to either no audience or audience conditions and were instructed to perform the maximum number of push-ups within 60 seconds, as well as to answer a short questionnaire following the completion of the task. The dependent variables measured in the current study were task performance and evaluation apprehension. Results showed that participants in the audience condition scored higher in task performance. On the other hand, there was no significant difference between the level of evaluation apprehension in the two participant conditions. Although there are no new findings, this study remains beneficial for future research, specifically audience effects in sports-related task performance.

Abstrak :
ABSTRAK
Olahraga berperan sebagai national character building suatu bangsa, sarana strategis untuk membangun kepercayaan diri, identitas bangsa, dan kebanggaan nasional. Sebagai alat pemersatu bangsa, sayangnya olahraga belum menjadi prioritas pemerintah. Hal ini ditandai dengan makin menurunnya prestasi olahraga nasional. Penurunan prestasi ini juga terjadi pada cabang olahraga bulutangkis, terlebih pada sektor putri. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa perlu adanya strategi-strategi khusus yang harus diambil oleh SKO Ragunan guna meningkatkan prestasi atlet perempuan bulutangkis. Strategi tersebut antara lain: menghidupkan pendidikan jasmani di sekolah, koordinasi dengan Dinas Olahraga di kota dan/atau kabupaten, kerjasama dengan pihak swasta untuk mendukung fasilitas latihan dan kebutuhan atlet, penataran, pelatihan, dan standarisasi untuk pelatih, pemberian penghargaan untuk setiap atlet berprestasi, pengiriman atlet ke kompetisi secara teratur, pembangunan PPLM khusus cabang olahraga bulutangkis, promosi bakat atlet bulutangkis SKO Ragunan, serta penerapan Iptek olahraga.

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ABSTRACT
Sports has a role as national character building of a nation, build self confidence, national identity, and national pride. As a unifying tool of the nation, unfortunately sports have not become a government priority. This is marked by the declining achievement of national sport. The decrease in this achievement also occurs in badminton sport, especially in the women 39 s sector. The results of this study indicate that the need for special strategies that must be taken by SKO Ragunan in order to improve the performance of female athletes badminton. These strategies include enabling physical education in schools, coordinating with the Sports Department in cities and or districts, collaborating with private parties to support training facilities and athlete needs, upgrading, training, and standardization for trainers, awarding awards for every outstanding athlete, sending athletes to the competition on a regular basis, the construction of PPLM special badminton sports, promotion talent badminton athletes of SKO Ragunan, and application of sports science and technology.

Abstrak :
Over the past century, technology has made it possible to measure human motion in many ways and with new levels of precision, becoming a tool in many applications and professional branches including medicine, sports science and forensics. Some branches have developed in response to the technology, such as the emergence of motion-capture animation in the film industry. These different applications use the same or similar types of equipment with the general intention of making the systems as intuitive as possible for the participants. However, the methodologies necessary to produce reliable results in these areas differ enormously. The overlap of information between fields might lead to situations where small but important adaptations are required in order to produce the required result; experts with knowledge of one field might not be aware of such developments. The Handbook of Human Motion brings together contributions from many different disciplines, covering the established and emerging technologies employed, the challenges posed in each area of application and the novel solutions reached by researchers.