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"Tesis ini membahas kaitan antara program Sanitasi Total Berbasis Masyarakat (STBM) dengan perubahan norma dan perilaku masyarakat menuju budaya bersih dan sehat masyarakat di Kabupaten Bojonegoro. Sebagai studi ilmiah, metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah Soft Systems Methodology Checkland yaitu suatu model pendekatan untuk memecahkan situasi masalah kompleks yang tidak terstruktur berdasarkan analisis holistik dan berpikir sistem. Selama studi ditemukan fakta-fakta menarik seputar gerakan sanitasi atau jambanisasi, dimana pemerintah bersama masyarakat dan pihak swasta secara bersama-sama menggerakkan dan mensosialisasikan program jambanisasi secara serentak. Untuk melihat hal tersebut dan menggali lebih dalam masalah tersebut penelitian ini menggunakan analisa perilaku kesehatan Lawrence W. Green (2005) yakni faktor perilaku dilihat dari faktor pencetus (Predisposing Factors), faktor pendorong (Reinforcing Factors) dan faktor pendukung (Enabling Factors). Keberhasilan program STBM di Kabupaten Bojonegoro serta perubahan norma dan perilaku yang terjadi di masyarakat karena adanya faktor-faktor tersebut pertama; Faktor pencetus (Predisposing Factors) yakni pengetahuan individu, sikap, kepercayaan, tradisi, norma sosial masyarakat Kabupaten Bojonegoro yang terlihat dari adanya sosialisasi dan penyuluhan pengetahuan perilaku BAB bersih dan sehat, sikap teladan dari aparat dan tokoh desa dalam berperan aktif menjalankan program STBM. Kedua; Faktor penguat (Reinforcing Factors) yakni sikap dan perilaku petugas kesehatan seperti dari Dinas Kesehatan, aparat, tokoh masyarakat, tokoh agama dan petugas kesehatan. Terlihat peran aktif dari aparat, tokoh masyarakat, petugas kesehatan dan masyarakat dalam gerakan sanitasi seperti lomba ODF, penyuluhan, adanya pengawasan dan sanksi sosial. Ketiga; Faktor pendukung (Enabling Factors) tersedianya sarana pelayanan kesehatan masyarakat, bangunan wc yang berada di dalam maupun luar rumah warga, bertambahnya tenaga kesehatan, tenaga penyuluhan, dukungan dan peran aktif dari berbagai pihak sehingga masyarakat dapat membangun dan merawat WC. Tiga faktor tersebut saling terkait dalam menciptakan perilaku masyarakat sehat dan bersih yang berkelanjutan melalui program STBM.

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This thesis discusses the Community Led Total Sanitation (CLTS) in relation to changes in norms and behavior towards a clean and healthy community in Bojonegoro District. As a scientific study, the approach taken in this study was using a model of Checkland?s Soft Systems Methodology, that is an approach model used to solve complex problem situations which are unstructured based on a holistic analysis and systems thinking. During this study, some interesting facts associated with sanitation and toiletry movement where the government and the public and private sectors collectively got together to mobilize and socialize toiletry program simultaneously. In order to to see and explore much deeper about the problem being studied, this research then analyzed by using the analysis of Lawrence W. Green (2005). The behavioral factor views of Predisposition Factors, Reinforcing Factors and Enabling Factors. The success of the above sanitation and toiletry program in Bojonegoro District and the changes in the norms and behaviors that occurred in the community, have been mainly encouraged by: First, Predisposition Factors, that is individual's knowledge, attitudes, beliefs, traditions, social norms of Bojonegoro?s that seen from the socialization and education of knowledge of clean and healthy defecation behavior, exemplary attitude of the officials and village leaders to take an active role running the CLTS program. Second, Reinforcing Factors, that is the attitudes and behaviors of health workers such as Department of Health, officials, community leaders, religious leaders and health workers. Seen the active role of officials, community leaders, health workers and the community in the movement such as ODF competition sanitation, education, supervision and social sanction.Third, Enabling Factors,that is availability of public health services, building WC inside or outside homes, increased health, energy counseling, support and active participation of various stakeholders so that people can build and maintain the toilets. The three factors are interrelated in creating a healthy and clean people's behavior sustainable through CLTS program."

"Kajian ini menyajikan ilustrasi rekonstruksi aturan kelembagaan untuk meningkatkan hasil belajar peserta didik pada SMAN 1 Kotagajah, Lampung Tengah. Peningkatan hasil belajar peserta didik ini direkonstruksi dengan basis kerangka kelembagaan bertingkat, dengan menggunakan model ?policy process as a hierarchy? sebagaimana diperkenalkan oleh Bromley. Kajian ini termasuk dalam SSM-based action research dengan kategori problem solving interest. Dengan pilihan ini, perubahan yang diinginkan dan mungkin dilakukan (feasible and desirable change) dengan mempertimbangkan systematically desirable, culturally feasible adalah pertimbangan di antara para pemilik masalah (problem owner). Hasil kajian menunjukan bahwa untuk meningkatkan hasil belajar peserta didik tidak hanya melibatkan satu tingkat saja, melainkan memerlukan dukungan kebijakan bertingkat. Institutional arrangement mengatur bagaimana tingkat di bawahnya dapat berfungsi dengan baik.

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This study represents an illustration of the reconstruction of Institutional Arrangements to improve the learning achievement for students at SMAN 1 Kotagajah, Central Lampung. The Improved learning process is reconstructed on the basis of the institutional multilevel framework, by using from the 'policy process as a hierarchy' model as introduced by Bromley. This study includes the SSM-based action research with problem solving interest categories. With this option, feasibility and desirable change is made possible systematically considering the desirability and also cultural feasibility of the proponents. The results of the study shows that improving student learning curve not only involves a single level, but requires the support of a multilevel policy framework, and institutional arrangement governing how the lower level to function properly."

"[Peningkatan jumlah pengguna internet di Indonesia pada tahun 2014 sebesar 71,2 juta orang atau 28,3% dari total populasi sejalan dengan berkembangnya tren transaksi e-commerce. Dengan mengambil konteks organisasi bisnis, penelitian ini menganalisa aplikasi konsep ‘prosumerism’ dalam ZL Indonesia. ZL Indonesia memiliki karakteristik sebagai lokasi berkembangnya prosumerism karena memanfaatkan Internet dan web 2.0 (situs-situs interaktif dan kolaboratif yang memungkinkan penggunanya untuk menghasilkan/ memproduksi konten seperti jejaring sosial) yang notabene merupakan ‘means of prosumption’ dalam aktivitas bisnisnya. Dalam prosumerism, konsumen dipandang sebagai subjek yang proaktif dan berdaya serta melakukan aktivitas produksi dan konsumsi secara bersamaan. Hal tersebut dimungkinkan karena saat ini aktivitas produksi dan konsumsi tidak hanya terjadi secara fisik/material saja tetapi juga secara immaterial (seperti gagasan atau pengetahuan). Pendekatan Soft Systems Methodology based on Action Research digunakan untuk menggali situasi permasalahan yang ada dalam prosumerism di ZL Indonesia. Penelitian ini menawarkan implikasi teori prosumerism pada tiga dimensi. Pada dimensi putting the customers to work, aplikasi prosumerism bersifat kontekstual dan dipengaruhi faktor struktural (aksesibilitas dan digital literacy) dan kultural (nilai dan tradisi). Pada dimensi kedua, dipaparkan manifestasi dari bentuk-bentuk, medium serta fungsi prosumerism. Terakhir, pada dimensi ketiga, terdapat indikasi peran agensi serta strata sosial dalam prosumerism.

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, The increasing number of internet users in Indonesia amounted to 71.2 million people or 28.3% of the total population followed by the development trend of e-commerce transactions. By taking an organizational context, this study analyzes the application of the concept of 'prosumerism' in ZL Indonesia. It has the characteristics as a location for the development of prosumerism by utilizing the Internet and Web 2.0 which incidentally is the 'means of prosumption' in its business activities. In prosumerism, the consumer is seen as a proactive and powerful subject, and involved in the activity of production and consumption simultaneously. This is possible because currently these two activities not only has a material form, but also immaterial (the idea or knowledge). Soft Systems Methodology approach based on Action Research is used to explore the problematic situations in prosumerism in ZL Indonesia. This research offers a theoretical implications about prosumerism in three dimensions. In the dimension of putting the customers to work, prosumerism application is contextual and influenced by structural (digital literacy) and cultural (values and traditions) factors. In the second dimension, there are manifestation of forms, medium and prosumerism function. Last, there are indications of agency roles and social strata in prosumerism.]"

"Penelitian ini membahas tentang proses globalisasi dengan meminjam real world berupa tambang rakyat intan yang berlokasi di Cempaka, Banjarbaru, Kalimantan Selatan. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode Soft System Methodology (SSM) yang berdasar pada action research (SSM Based on action research) untuk menjawab research interest. Fokus penelitian ini adalah melihat pada pemanfaatan moment produktif yang ada di tambang rakyat. Momen produktif adalah framework yang dipinjam peneliti dari Anna Tsing yaitu situasi yang berada diluar regulasi hukum yang berlaku atau illegal. Situasi tersebut dimanfaatkan oleh berbagai pihak karena memiliki keuntungan. Moment produktif dimanfaatkan karena menjanjikan keuntungan berupa kesejahteraan, pengetahuan dan kebebasan. Sehingga momen produktif berarti friction yang dimanfaatkan. Moment produktif yang dimanfaatkan menjadi bukti adanya peran aktif aktor dalam globalisasi. Aktor berperan aktif dalam bentuk negosiasi penuh kepentingan.

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This research about globalization process by borrowing real world in the form of diamond artisanal mining which location in Cempaka, Banjarbaru, Kalimantan South. This Research use method of Soft System Methodology ( SSM) based on action research to answer research interest and problem solving. Focus this research is see at exploiting of productive moment exist in artisanal mining. A concept of Productive Momen is borrowed by framework of researcher of Anna Tsing. The meaning of productive moment is situation that reside in outside applicable law regulasi or of illegal. The situation exploited by various side because owning advantage. Productive Moment exploited because promising advantage in the form of prosperity, freedom and knowledge. So that productive momen mean exploited friction. Productive Moment which exploited become evidence of[is existence of active role of actor in globalization. Actor share active in the form of negotiation full of importance."

"A phenomenon of educational problem especially in Public Senior High School I Membalong is there is no fulfillment of eight national standard of education. School principal, teachers, administrator staffs, students, school committee, and school supervisor have the role to implement the quality improvement program continuously through the utilization of school self evaluation to achieve the national standard of education.This thesis discusses about the utilization of school self evaluation at Public Senior High School I Membalong Belitung Regency using qualitative method through Soft Systems Methodology (SSM) approach.The result of the study suggested that school self evaluation at Public Senior High School I Membalong hat to be utilized to develop quality improvement program continuously by involving all stakeholders to create satisfaction of customer.

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A phenomenon of educational problem especially in Public Senior High School I Membalong is there is no fulfillment of eight national standard of education. School principal, teachers, administrator staffs, students, school committee, and school supervisor have the role to implement the quality improvement program continuously through the utilization of school self evaluation to achieve the national standard of education.This thesis discusses about the utilization of school self evaluation at Public Senior High School I Membalong Belitung Regency using qualitative method through Soft Systems Methodology (SSM) approach.The result of the study suggested that school self evaluation at Public Senior High School I Membalong hat to be utilized to develop quality improvement program continuously by involving all stakeholders to create satisfaction of customer."

"Kajian ini merupakan kajian praktik terbaik kepemimpinan sekolah di Sekolah Indonesia Kuala Lumpur (SIKL) periode 2009-2012 yang terindikasi mampu menghasilkan transformasi. Soft systems methodology (SSM) digunakan sebagai metoda dalam kajian ini karena SIKL dipandang sebagai human activity systems. Di sisi lain, kepemimpinan Kepala SIKL periode 2009-2012 diapresiasi dan diakui Kedutaan Besar Republik Indonesia (KBRI) Kuala Lumpur memiliki peran yang besar terhadap transformasi yang terjadi di SIKL, dan kepemimpinan Kepala SIKL periode 2009-2012 tersebut mendapatkan perhatian dari University of Malaya dan Chulalongkorn University. Sehingga kajian ini akan menggunakan cognitive mapping (CM) untuk memperkaya SSM.Hasil kajian menyimpulkan empat (4) praktik terbaik kepemimpinan sekolah di SIKL periode 2009-2012 yang menjadi pelajaran, yaitu: 1) SIKL menggunakan konsep ?baik dulu pintar kemudian? untuk menentukan arah pengelolaan sekolah; 2) Konsep ?baik dulu pintar kemudian? diupayakan terwujud melalui strategi penyediaan contoh yang patut dan nyata bagi peserta didik oleh Kepala SIKL periode 2009-2012; 3) Komite SIKL periode 2010-2012 terlibat secara maksimal dalam menunjang pengelolaan SIKL; 4) Kepala SIKL periode 2009-2012 menggunakan cara informal dalam melakukan supervisi kegiatan pembelajaran yang dilakukan oleh guru dengan memanfaatkan peserta didik SIKL sebagai user.

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This is a best practice leadership study of Sekolah Indonesia Kuala Lumpur (SIKL) period of 2009-2012, which indicated able to do successful transformation. Soft systems methodology (SSM) is used as a method of this study, because SIKL is considered as human activity systems. On the other hand, principal leadership of SIKL period of 2009-2012 was appreciated and recognized by the Embassy of the Republic Indonesia in Malaysia because of taken a significant role to the transformation process of SIKL, and also recognized by University of Malaya Malaysia dan Chulalongkorn University Thailand. Thus, this study will use cognitive mapping (CM) for enhancing SSM.

This study concludes four (4) best practices leadership of Sekolah Indonesia Kuala Lumpur (SIKL), they are: 1) SIKL period of 2009-2012 applied concept of ?good before smart? for directing school activities; 2) The concept of ?good before smart? was realized by strategy to providing appropriate and real model for students by SIKL?s principal period of 2009-2012; 3) SIKL?s committee period of 2010-2012 got involved in significant means for supporting successful of SIKL; 4) Informal way was used by SIKL?s principle period of 2009-2012 for supervising teaching process which utilizing students as user."

"Indonesia menerapkan sistem Transfer ke Daerah sejak 1999. Sistem Transfer ke Daerah menghadapi situasi permasalahan terkait penerapan akuntansi akrual. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk merekonstruksi sistem Transfer ke Daerah di Indonesia dalam rangka penerapan akuntansi akrual. Penelitian ini menyusun situasi permasalahan pada sistem tersebut dengan menggunakan Contingency Model Luder, 1992 . Penelitian ini menemukan bahwa penerapan akuntansi akrual di sistem Transfer ke Daerah didorong oleh pengaturan standar akuntansi pemerintahan yang mempengaruhi harapan dari pengguna informasi dan perilaku dari pembuat informasi. Kemudian, penerapan akuntansi akrual menghadapi beberapa kendala penerapan, seperti karakteristik organisasi, kualifikasi akuntan, dan ukuran yuridiksi. Penelitian ini memberikan beberapa rekomendasi untuk merekonstruksi sistem Transfer ke Daerah menggunakan Soft System Methodology SSM Checkland dan Poulter, 2006 . Rekomendasi tersebut adalah: reformulasi sistem alokasi, peningkatan efektivitas pertukaran data antara unit teknis dengan unit akuntansi, dan peningkatan kualitas pelaporan Transfer ke Daerah. Hasil dari penelitian ini sangat penting karena dua alasan utama. Pertama, penelitian ini menunjukkan manfaat yang signifikan dari penerapan Contingency Model dan SSM untuk merekonstruksi kebijakan publik dalam konteks reformasi manajemen keuangan. Kedua, penelitian ini menyusun sebuah kerangka kera yang menjadi pedoman bagi pemerintah untuk merekonstruksi sistem Transfer ke Daerah.

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Indonesia has implemented intergovernmental transfer system since 1999. Intergovernmental transfer system experienced problematical situations related to implementation of accrual accounting. This research aims to reconstruct Indonesia 39 s intergovernmental transfer system in order to implement accrual accounting. The study structured problematical situations in that system using Contingency Model Luder, 1992 . The study found that the implementation of accrual accounting in intergovernmental transfer system is stimulated by the setting of governmental accounting standards which affects expectation of users of information and behaviour of producers of information. Furthermore, implementation of accrual accounting faces some implementation barriers, such as organizational characteristics, qualifications of accountants, and size of jurisdiction. This research gives some recommendations to reconstruct that intergovernmental transfer system using Soft Systems Methodology SSM Checkland Poulter, 2006 . The recommendations are reformulating the allocation system, effectiveness enhancement of data exchange between technical and accounting units, and quality enhancement of intergovernmental transfer 39 s reporting. This research 39 s results are very important because of two main reasons. First, this research shows us the significant benefit of the appication of Contingency Model and SSM to reconstruct public policy in the context of financial management reform. Second, this research creates a framework that guides government to reconstruct their intergovernmental transfer system."

"Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengoptimalkan penggunaan informasi kinerja dalam penyusunan anggaran berbasis kinerja pada Kementerian Keuangan. Untuk memecahkan permasalahan dalam penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan soft systems methodology. Kesepakatan dalam penelitian ini antara lain pelaksanaan refinement peta strategi dilakukan sebelum alokasi anggaran ditetapkan; pengelola kinerja dilibatkan secara langsung dalam penyusunan anggaran serta menentukan output dan aktivitas agar keterkaitan antara anggaran, aktivitas, output, dan outcome semakin kuat; mengadakan forum koordinasi antara Bagian Perbendaharaan dengan Bagian Perencanaan, Bagian PKR, dan Bagian Penganggaran untuk membahas hasil evaluasi; dan menggunakan hasil evaluasi dalam proses perencanaan dan penganggaran.

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This Research aims to optimize the use of performance information in the budgeting process at the Ministry of Finance. This research using soft systems methodology approach to solved the problems. The problems situations are resolved by this research, together with the related parties at the Ministry of Finance to produce some agreement in order to optimize the use of performance information in the budgeting process, that is the implementation of refinement of the strategy map is done before the budget allocation is set the manager 39 s performance are directly involved in budgeting and specify the output and activity so that the link between the budget, activities, outputs, and outcomes is getting stronger create a forum for coordination between Treasury Section with the planning Section, PKR Section, and Budgeting Section to discuss the results of evaluation, and using evaluation results in planning and budgeting processes."

"Riset yang berfokus pada kompetensi MSDM (human resource competency) ini,mempunyai dua tujuan, yaitu: problem solving interest dan research interest. Subjek penelitian, Bank BTN dianalisis dari sisi regulasi, struktur, tata kelola, serta dinamika internal human capital management menghadapi situasi kompleks problematis era ASEAN Economic Community 2015 dan ASEAN financial integration 2020. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah serba sistem lunak berbasis riset tindakan. Hasilnya, Bank BTN tidak melakukan tindakan sistemik dalam sistem kepemimpinan dan sistem kerja kinerja unggul. Kompetensi MSDM sebagai leverage dapat tercapai melalui efikasi individu dan efikasi organisasi. Sebagai riset akademik, refleksi teoritis memberikan kebaruan berupa disain ulang kompetensi MSDM. Disain alternatif tersebut dihasilkan melalui integrasi sistem pemosisi strategis dengan sistem kerja kinerja unggul melalui sistem proaktivis kredibel empat tingkat. Rekomendasi: organisasi bank perlu mengadopsi desain alternatif, Sistem Kompetensi Modal Manusia, sehingga menjadi center of excellence dalam bidangnya melalui dialog serta tindakan nyata sistemik yang inklusif, holistik dan strategis.

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The Research, that focuses on human resource competency, has two objectives, namely: problem solving interest and research interest. Bank BTN, subject of the research, were analyzed in terms of regulation, structure, governance, and the internal dynamics of human capital management in facing a problematic situation in ASEAN Economic Community 2015 and ASEAN financial integration 2020.

Soft systems methodology based action research was used as the approach. As a result, Bank BTN has not performed systemic action in their leadership system and superior performance work systems yet. Human resource competencies, as leverage, can be achieved through personal efficacy and organizational efficacy.

As an academic research, theoretical reflections provide novelty in the form of human resource competency redesign. The alternative design was produced by an integration of strategic positioner system with high performance work systems through proactivists credible four-level systems.

Recommendation: a bank organization needs to adopt the concept of human capital competency systems to be a center of excellence in its field through systemically inclusive, holistic, and strategic dialogue and real action."