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Abstrak :
Skizofrenia adalah suatu gangguan jiwa berat yang ditandai dengan penurunan atau ketidakmampuan berkomunikasi, gangguan realitas, serta mengalami kesukaran melakukan aktivitas sehari-hari. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yang berpengaruh terhadap kejadian gangguan jiwa berat di Yogyakarta. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode cross sectional dengan 1.157 responden dan menggunakan pendekatan regresi logistik. Hasil penelitian ini adalah 4 variabel faktor psikologis, 2 variabel faktor somatik dan 2 variabel faktor sosio ekonomi berpengaruh terhadap kejadian gangguan jiwa berat di Yogyakarta. ...... Schizophrenia is a severe mental disorder characterized by a decrease or an inability to communicate, impaired reality, and had difficulty doing everyday activities. This study aims to identify factors that affect the incidence of schizophrenia in Yogyakarta. This study using cross sectional method and the sample size of 1,157 respondents surveyed, this study used logistic regression. The result, there are 4 variables from psychologic factors, 2 variables from somatic factors, and 2 variables from socio economic factors that are affect the incidence of schizophrenia in Yogyakarta.

Abstrak :
Stigma sosial tentang penyakit merupakan sebuah faktor penting yang mempengaruhi sikap pasien. Tujuan penelitian ini ialah untuk menjelaskan hubungan antara stigma ibu terhadap TB dan faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhinya. Survey berbasis kuesioner pada 2415 ibu yang dipilih secara acak dari 11 kelurahan yang paling padat di Jakarta Timur. Status sosio-ekonomi yang diteliti ialah usia, tingkat pendidikan formal, status kerja dan tingkat pendapatan keluarga per bulan. Pengetahuan tentang TB yang diteliti ialah etiologi dan kurabilitas TB. Analisis univariate menunjukan bahwa 546 (23,5%) ibu akan menjauhi patien TB. Analisis multivariate menunjukkan bahwa ibu yang tidak bekerja (OR 1,464 (CI 1,165-1,773), p<0,05), mengetahui bahwa TB disebabkan oleh infeksi kuman (OR 1,451 (CI 1,110-1,895), p<0,05) dan tidak merasa malu terhadap TB lebih cenderung untuk tidak menjauhi pasien TB (OR 4,184 (CI 3,322-5,197), p<0,001). Hasil ini mengindikasikan bahwa stigma terhadap TB dipengaruhi oleh status sosio-ekonomi dan pengetahuan terhadap TB. Oleh karena itu, intervensi dalam menangani stigma TB sangat diperlukan di daerah-daerah dengan status sosio-ekonomi yang buruk dan tingkat pengetahuan TB yang rendah. ......Disease-related social stigma is an important factor in altering patient attitude. The objective of this study is to describe the relation between mothers’ stigma on TB patient and factor associated with it. A questionnaire-based survey was carried out with 2415 housewives, selected randomly from 11 most populated districts in East Jakarta as research subject. Inquired socio-economic status were subjects’ age, level of formal education, employment status and level of monthly family income. Questions regarding knowledge on TB were etiology, transmission and curability of TB. Univarate analysis showed that 546 (23,5%) of mothers would avoid TB patient. Multivariate analysis showed that unemployment (OR 1,464 (CI 1,165-1,773), p<0,05), knowing that TB was caused by infection (OR 1,451 (CI 1,110-1,895), p<0,05), and not feeling shameful toward TB (OR 4,184 (CI 3,322-5,197), p<0,001) were significantly associated with not avoiding TB patient. These results suggest that various socio-economic status and knowledge on TB may affect the mother’s enacted stigma on TB. Therefore, intervention on tackling stigma on TB is urgently needed on community with poor socio-economic status and TB knowledge.

Abstrak :
This paper is housed on contraceptive switching in indonesia. Since a woman might use more than one method of contraception during her reproductive period she can contribute more than one contraceptive use interval to the data. Some studies of contraceptive switching have used statistical techniques which assume independence between switching but this assumption can be violated because the likelihood of switching might be correlated. Hence contraceptive switching varies not only across groups of contraceptive users but also across contraceptive users with the same socioeconomic characteristics. Hence the consequences of this contraceptive users' eject for the relationship between socioeconomic. demographic and contraceptive-related characteristics of users and contraceptive switching in indonesia is analysed through the use of random-ejects logistic models. The data used for the analysis is from the 1991 Indonesia Demographic and Health Survey. The findings confirm the results of previous studies that a number of socioeconomic and demographic factors influence the likelihood of switching contraception. Among these factors. contraceptive-related /actors such as the method being used before switching, the duration of use at switching and the reason for switching, affect contraceptive switching most. The results also indicate that there is correlation between intervals for the same woman. This implies that there are other factors which have not been observed and contribute to the differentials of switching contraception across women with the saute socioeconomic characteristics.