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Abstrak :
Insidens diare kronik di Asia berkisar antara 0,8 ? 1,0%. Lokasi penyakit dan kelainan yang menimbulkan diare kronik dapat dibagi atas 3 kelompok yaitu usus halus, usus besar dan ekstra intestinal. Penyakit-penyakit pada usus halus terdiri dari infeksi dan non-infeksi. Penyakit-penyakit infeksi antara lain yaitu infeksi bakterial, infeksi parasit dll. Penyakit-penyakit non-infeksi yang menimbulkan diare kronik a.l. penyakit Crohn, ?Celiac sprue?, enteropati OAINS, intoleransi laktose, tumor jinak, tumor karsinoid, karsinoma, komplikasi pasca bedah, obat laksatif dll. Pendekatan diagnosis terdiri dari anamnesis riwayat penyakit yang baik, pemeriksaan fisik yang teliti, laboratorium penunjang, laboratorium penunjang yang lebih spesifik termasuk foto rontgen kolon, foto rontgen ?esofagogastroduodenum follow-through?, ?enteroclysis?, pemeriksaan ileo-kolonoskopi dan endoskopi saluran cerna atas termasuk usus halus dengan biopsi untuk pemeriksaan histopatologi. Pengobatan diare kronik dibagi atas pengobatan suportif dan kausal. (Med J Indones 2002; 11: 179-89)

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The incidence of chronic diarrhea in Asia is between 0.8 ? 1.0%. The diseases and abnormalities according to the location, which can cause chronic diarrhea, are divided into three locations: the small bowel, the large bowel and extraintestinal. The small bowel diseases include infectious and non-infectious diseases. The infectious diseases are bacterial infections, parasitic infections etc. The non-infectious diseases include of Crohn?s disease, Celiac sprue, NSAID enteropathy, lactose intolerance, benign tumor, carcinoid tumor, carcinoma, post surgery complications, laxative etc. The approaches to diagnosis include good anamnesis, careful physical examination, supporting laboratory tests, more specialized supporting examinations including X-ray of the colon, esophagogastroduodenum follow-through, enteroclysis, ileo-colonoscopy and endoscopy on the upper portion of the digestive tract including the small intestine with biopsy for histopathology examinations. The treatment for chronic diarrhea is divided into supportive and causal therapy. (Med J Indones 2002; 11: 179-89)

Abstrak :
Latar belakang: Diagnosis memiliki peranan yang sangat penting dalam penatalaksanaan kanker usus halus. Namun, pemeriksaan sebelumnya memiliki kekurangan, yaitu; sensitivitas rendah, operator dependent, dan lama. Sehingga akan diobservasi spektrofotometri autofluorosensi menggunakan blok parafin yang memiliki sensitivitas, spesifisitas, akurasi, dan presisi dengan nilai yang baik. Metode: Studi ini mengukur perbedaan intensitas cahaya fluorosensi menggunakan spektrofotometri autofluorosensi cahaya UV pada blok parafin jaringan kanker usus halus mencit dalam panjang gelombang dari 420.2nm sampai 762.9nm. Hasil uji dianalisis menggunakan dua perangkat lunak, yaitu SPSS 26.0 serta Orange Data Mining. Dalam melakukan analisis Orange Data Mining (kualitatif), data akan dianalisis menggunakan PCA dan 7 jenis PC. Sedangkan machine learning (analisis kuantitatif) dengan cross validation kelipatan 5. Hasil: Dari 511 panjang gelombang yang menunjukkan adanya perbedaan signifikan intensitas cahaya pada ketiga kelompok sampel, perbedaan intensitas cahaya dapat dibedakan secara signifikan pada (panjang gelombang); 495 pada kelompok normal-prekanker, 495 pada kelompok normal-radang, 454 pada kelompok radang-prekanker. Selain itu, dalam hasil analis Machine Learning menunjukkan bahwa Neural Network memiliki performa terbaik dalam menganalisis klasifikasi derajat lesi kanker usus halus. Kesimpulan: Spektrofotometri autofluorosensi memiliki kemampuan mengklasifikasikan jaringan normal, radang, serta pre-kanker pada usus halus mencit dengan nilai sensitivitas dan spesifititas baik, namun masih terdapat kesulitan membedakan jaringan radang. ......Background: Diagnosis has a very important role in the management of small bowel cancer. The previous examination, on the other hand, had drawbacks, including low sensitivity, operator dependence, and a long time.So that autofluorescence spectrophotometry will be observed using a paraffin block that has good sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, and precision. Method: This study measured the difference in fluorescence intensity using UV light autofluorescence spectrophotometry on paraffin blocks of mouse small intestine cancer tissue at wavelengths from 420.2 nm to 762.9 nm. The test results were analyzed using two software programs, namely SPSS 26.0 and Orange Data Mining. Data will be analyzed using PCA and 7 different types of PCs in the orange data mining analysis (qualitative).while using machine learning (quantitative analysis) with a total of 5 cross-validations. Results: Of the 511 wavelengths that show a significant difference in light intensity in the third sample group, the difference in light intensity can be significantly different at 495 in the normal-precancer group, 495 in the normal-inflammation group, and 454 in the inflammatory-precancer group. In addition, the results of machine learning analysis show that the neural network has the best performance into analyze the classification of small intestine cancer lesion degrees. Conclusion: Autofluorescence spectrophotometry has the ability to classify normal, inflammatory, and precancerous tissues in the small intestine of mice with good sensitivity and specificity, but there are still difficulties in differentiating tissue inflammation

Abstrak :
ABSTRACT
The aim of this prospective multi center registry was to evaluate the safety and clinical performance of INTERCEED® in laparoscopic colorectal surgery. Methods This study was a prospective, multi center, single arm registry wherein patients who received INTERCEED® in laparoscopic colorectal surgery were registered consecutively (UMIN CTR 00001872). The primary outcome was the incidence rate of postoperative adhesive small intestinal obstruction within 6 months. The secondary outcomes were reoperation related to postoperative bleeding and anastomotic leak, surgical site infection (SSI) and anastomotic leak. Results Between March 2012 and March 2015, a total of 202 patients were enrolled from six institutions. INTERCEED® was not applied in two patients, so 200 patients were analyzed using the full analysis set population. The incidence rate of postoperative adhesive intestinal obstruction was 1,0% (2/200). The total SSI rate was 3,5% (7/200), the deep incisional SSI rate was 0,0% (0/200), and the organ SSI rate was 0,0% (0/200). The incidence of anastomotic leak was 1,0% (2/200). Reoperation was performed in two cases: one for anastomotic leak and the other as cardiac surgery due to heart disease. Conclusions Using INTERCEED® in laparoscopic colorectal surgery is safe and may be useful for preventing postoperative adhesive small intestinal obstruction.