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Abstrak :
Salah satu sumberdaya perikanan di Wilayah Pengelolaan Perikanan WPP 573 Samudera Hindia Selatan Jawa adalah ikan cakalang. Ikan tersebut merupakan ikan pelagis yang termasuk dalam ikan ekonomis penting. Pada tahun 2008 ndash;2016, hasil tangkapan ikan cakalang yang tertangkap di WPP 573 dan didaratkan pada PPN Palabuhanratu menunjukkan telah terjadi penurunan yang diduga mengalami eksploitasi berlebihan sehingga memengaruhi ketersediaan stok sumberdaya ikan tersebut. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui aspek ndash;aspek biologi, ekologi, dan perikanan serta menganalisis selektivitas penggunaan alat penangkap ikan cakalang. Metode yang digunakan yaitu melalui pengambilan sampel secara acak ikan cakalang yang tertangkap dengan pancing tonda dan rawai tuna serta wawancara kepada nelayan. Musim penangkapan ikan cakalang yang paling produktif, yaitu pada musim timur, ketika terjadi upwelling yaitu pada bulan Juni - Oktober di WPP 573. Secara umum ikan cakalang yang tertangkap telah melakukan pemijahan atau reproduksi, yaitu pada TKG III sebesar 44 dengan panjang cagak 41 ndash;45 cm. Nilai potensi lestari maksimum MSY dengan pancing tonda sebesar 230.813,9 kg/tahun dengan upaya penangkapan optimum fopt sebesar 228 trip dan CPUEopt sebesar 1.013,55 kg/trip serta tingkat pemanfaatan sebesar 91,69 . Pancing tonda masih dapat dikategorikan layak ramah lingkungan untuk penangkapan ikan cakalang dengan ukuran mata pancing nomor 6 panjang 5,2 cm dan lebar 2,2 cm . ......One of fishery resources in Fishery Management Area 573 Indian Ocean, South of Java is skipjack tuna. The fish is a pelagic fish and economically importance. The catches showed decreasing tendency during period 2008 ndash 2016. This implied that there were overexploitation on skipjack tuna fishing, especially the ones that used the troll line fishing, so as affect the availability of fish resources. This study was conducted to know the selectivity fishing gear of skipjack tuna in June ndash August 2016. Some aspects of biology, ecology, fishery of skipjack tuna were analyzed. The results showed that the fishing season of skipjack tuna occurred in Southeast monsoon, especially during upwelling time in June - October at Indian Ocean, South of Java Island. In general, skipjack tuna were caught in mature condition at 41 ndash 45 cm FL, it means that the fishes were already spawning before caught. The MSY of skipjack tuna found was about 230,813.9 kg year with CPUE optimum 1,013.55 kg trip, effort optimum were 228 trips and the utilization rate was about 91.69. It is suggested that troll line fishery for skipjack tuna still have a good opportunity environmentally friendly to be developed with hook size number 6 length 5,2 cm and width 2,2 cm.

Abstrak :
Skipjack tuna is an important species targeting by pole and line fishery in Bone Bay. The distribution and abundance of this species tended to aggregate to the preferred bio-physical environments. To describe the short term relationship between skipjack tuna and oceanographic conditions and to visualize the predicted high catch areas, remotely sensed satellite based-oceanographic sea surface temperature (SST) and chlorophyll-a together fisheries data were used. Results indicated that the highest skipjack CPUEs were mainly found in coastal areas of Palopo and Kolaka both in 2007 and in 2009 during the period of study. The high tuna concentrations corresponded well with chlorophyll-a of 0.15-0.40 mg mg-3 and SST of 29.0-31.5 °C. The preferred ranges provide a good indicator for initially detecting potential skipjack fishing grounds. This study suggested that thermal and chlorophyll fronts as well as upwelling may important mechanisms in explaining the temporal and spatial dynamics of skipjack tuna distribution and abundance in Bone Bay.

Abstrak :
Ekspor ikan cakalang ke Uni Eropa dan Amerika Serikat masih menemui kendala akibat masalah keamanan pangan, seperti kadar histamin yang melampaui batas. Kadar histamin berhubungan dengan penerapan rantai dingln selama penangananik an, sejakd i atask apal,p endaratanp, engumpuld an penjiral.T ujuan penelitian mengevaluasi risiko bahaya peningkatan kadar histamin, melakukan penilaian Good Handling Practice (GHP), dan mengusulkan alternatif perbaikan pengendalian risiko ikan cakalang pada rartai pasok. Hasil penelitian maturjukkan kadar histamin tahap pendaratan rata-rata 1,58 mgikg, p?xlgumpul 2,09 me/kE dan penjtnl 2,46 mg/kg Hasil karakterisasi risiko menunjukkan ranking risiko bahayah istamin b4gr penduduk Indonesai 52 (tinggi), Amerika Serikat 48 (sedang), dan Uni Eropa 52 (tinggi). Hasil p*ifai* kapal menunjukkan kapal memenuhi 38,24yo persymatan -dan inspeksi pembongkaran ikan memenuhi 42,85 - 48,57 o/o persyaratan. Penilaian p.tturganan ilan di pengumpul memenuhi 36 % persyaratan dan penjual belum memenuhi persyaratanp enangananik an yang baik. ...... Export of skipjack tuna to the European Union and the United States faces problem due to food safety issus, such as high level of histamine. The high level of histamine indicates a poor cold chain rystero on fish handling during oi board, fish landing, suppliers and distributors. The purpose of this rtuOv *, io evaluate the risk of histamine at the supply chain, ussisr Good Handling Fractices (GIp), and propose alternative improvement for risk control of the skipjack tuna at supply chain. The research showed tlrat histamine level of skipjacf. t*u found during landing in suppliers and distributors was around I,5S mg/kg 2.00 mg/kg and 2.46 mdkg respectively.R isk characterzi ation showed tttat-.ist ranf of histamine hazard for Indonesian population was 52 (high), United States was 4g (moderate)a nd EuropeanU nion was 52 (high) The assessmenotf Good Handling Practices indicated that fishing vessel fulfill 38,24yo of requirements and unloading fulfill 42,85 - 48,57 Vo of requirements.T he assessmentos f fish handling in suppliersf ulfill 36 o/oo f requirbmentsa nd fishermenh ave not fullv implementt he requirementso f good handlingp ractices.

Abstrak :
Tingginya permintaan pasar terhadap ikan cakalang mengakibatkan aktivitas penangkapannya dilakukan secara terus-menerus sepanjang tahun sehingga dapat mengancam kelestariannya. Tujuan penelitian yaitu mengetahui distribusi frekuensi panjang ikan cakalang secara temporal dan menganalisis tingkat selektivitas alat tangkap purse seine pelagis besar di fishing ground Samudera Hindia bagian timur. Data yang digunakan adalah data panjang cagak ikan cakalang selama Januari s/d Desember 2016 yang didaratkan di PPS Nizam Zachman Jakarta. Analisis data frekuensi panjang dilakukan dengan membandingkan sebaran individu ikan dalam bentuk histogram, dan analisis selektivitas dengan metode skoring berdasarkan komposisi hasil tangkapan, persentase hasil tangkapan layak tangkap dan membandingkan nilai Lc dan Lm. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan pada bulan juli sampai oktober distribusi frekuensi panjang cagak cakalang terbanyak pada rentang kelas 40-45 cm dengan panjang rata-rata 43 cm atau diatas nilai Lm (42,9 cmFL). Sedangkan pada bulan november sampai juni distribusi frekuensi panjang cagak cakalang berada pada nilai dibawah nilai Lm. Panjang ikan cakalang pertama kali tertangkap (Lc) diperoleh nilai 40,83 cmFL dibawah nilai pertama kali matang gonad (Lm) sebesar 42,9 cmFL. Hasil tangkapan utama purse seine pelagis besar selama penelitian yaitu ikan cakalang 42,6% dan hasil tangkapan sampingan sebesar 57,4%. Jumlah cakalang layak tangkap sebesar 26%, sehingga berdasarkan analisis selektivitas, selektivitas alat tangkap purse seine pelagis besar di perairan Samudera Hindia bagian timur memiliki selektivitas rendah. ...... The high market demand for skipjack tuna has resulted in its catching activities continuously throughout the year so can be threaten its sustainability. The objectives of this research are to know the temporal length frequency distribution of skipjack tuna and to analyze the level of selectivity of large pelagic purse seine in the Eastern Indian Ocean fishing ground. The data used were length data of skipjack tuna wich unloaded during January to December 2016 at Nizam Zachman Jakarta Fishing Port. Length frequency data analysis was done descriptively by comparing the distribution of individual fish in the form of histogram, whereas the selectivity analysis done by scoring method based on the catch composition, the capture catch percentage and compare the Lc and Lm values. The results of this research showed that in July to October, highest distribution of the length frequency of skipjack tuna was in the 40-45 class range, with average length value was higher than Lm value of 43 cmFL and 42.9 cmFL, respectively. While from November until June, the length frequency distribution value of skipjack tuna was lower the Lm value. The skipjack tuna minimum length of caught (Lc) was lower than its minimum length of gonad mature (Lm) of 40.83 cmFL and 42.9 cmFL, respectively. The major catches of large pelagic purse seine during this research was skipjack tuna as much as 42.6%, and by-catch by 57.4%. The amount of catchable fish is 26%, so based on selectivity analysis, the selectivity of the large pelagic purse seine fishing gear in the waters of the East Indian Ocean has low selectivity.

Abstrak :
Palabuhanratu merupakan lokasi penting bagi perikanan tangkap di daerah pantai selatan Jawa Barat. Salah satu hasil tangkapan yang dominan dan memiliki nilai ekonomis penting yang didaratkan di PPN Palabuhanratu yaitu ikan cakalang (Katsuwonus pelamis, 1758). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui aspek penangkapan dan aspek biologi ikan cakalang. Aspek penangkapan meliputi; jenis alat tangkap, derah penangkapan, hasil per unit upaya, dan produksi. Aspek biologi meliputi; struktur panjang berat dan tingkat pemanfaatan. Penelitian dilakukan pada bulan Oktober ? Januari 2013. Sampling aspek penagkapan dengan observasi dan wawancara. Sampling aspek biologi dilakukan secara porposional pada tempat pendaratan ikan. Terdapat beberapa yang digunakan untuk menangkap ikan cakalang antara lain; Jaring insang hanyut, payang dan pancing tonda. Pengoperasian alat ini dilakukan di sekitar rumpon. Terlihat dari data statistik perikanan PPN Palabuhanratu tahun 2005 - 2012 menunjukkan jumlah produksi penangkapan ikan cakalang mengalami penurunan setiap tahunnya sekitar 13,39%. Oleh karena itu diperlukan pengelolaannya yang lebih serius antara lain dengan suatu alternatif memperluas daerah penangkapan ke arah selatan perairan Samudera Hindia yang diperkirakan di Lintang 90 LS - 110 LS dengan bujur antara 1050 BT ? 1060 BT. Adapun hasil analisis hubungan panjang dan berat diperoleh persamaan W = aLb yang berarti pola pertumbuhan allometrik negartif terlihat bahwa p-value pada selang kepercayaan 95%, dan juga apabila pendapat Rothschial (1967) kita terapkan pada hasil penelitian maka ikan cakalang ini lebih dari setengahnya telah berukuran lebih dari 40 cm berarti ikan yang tertangkap telah mengalami pemijahan sebelum tertangkap oleh nelayan. ...... Palabuhanratu an important location for the fisheries on the south coast of West Java. One of the dominant catch and has an important economic value landed in PPN Palabuhanratu ie tuna (Katsuwonus pelamis Linnaeus, 1758). Fishery statistics PPN Palabuhanratu years 2005-2012 indicates the number of tuna fishing production has decreased about 13.39% annually. Therefore we need an alternative to expanding the capture area to the south of the Indian Ocean is estimated at Latitude 90 LS - 110 LS with longitude between 1050 BT - BT 1060. The linear regression analysis of the relationship length and weight to estimate patterns of growth and age estimation it is seen that the p-value is smaller at the 95% confidence interval, it can be obtained that tuna regeresi coefficient of the regression models above differ significantly on the real level 0.05. Thus indicating that the growth pattern of the landed tuna is negative allometric means that the length of the tuna faster than the growth of its weight, and also if the opinion Rothschial (1967) we apply the research results tuna is more than half have larger than 40 cm means the fish are.