Rudolf Doni Abrauw
Abstrak :
[ABSTRAK
Kota Jayapura merupakan salah satu wilayah yang berada di utara pulau Papua dan
berhadapan langsung dengan lempeng pasifik, sehingga berpotensi terhadap bencana
geologi, salah satunya adalah longsor, walaupun demikian tidak hanya dipengaruhi
oleh pergerakan lempeng pasifik tetapi juga dari kondisi kemiringan lereng di Kota
Jayapura yang bervariasi dari dataran rendah (0-8%) sampai perbukitan (>45%),
sehingga untuk kajian ini kemiringan lereng serta sesar dan juga kondisi kegempaan
yang sewaktu-waktu terjadi karena kota Jayapura berada pada wilayah rawan gempa
maka sangatlah berpotensi terhadap longsor yang dipengaruhi oleh kegempaan dan
adanya sesar. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memetakan wilayah rawan dan risiko
longsor di Kota Jayapura dengan menggunakan dua model pendugaan, pertama
adalah Model Pendugaan Longsor Direktorat Vulkanologi dan Mitigasi Bencana
Geologi dengan paramater curah hujan, geologi, jenis tanah, lereng dan penggunaan
lahan; kedua adalah Model Pendugaan Kombinasi (Puslittanak tahun 2004 dan Shabi,
H. et. al tahun 2012) dengan parameter kemiringan lereng, curah hujan, geologi, jenis
tanah, jarak sesar dan kerapatan vegetasi. Hasil penelitian dengan menggunakan
olahan Sistem Informasi Geografis (SIG) serta validasi lapangan menujukkan bahwa
dari total luas wilayah kajian ada perbedaan luas wilayah rawan longsor dengan
klasifikasi tinggi, yang mana model pendugaan pertama menghasilkan luas wilayah
rawan longsor tinggi sebesar 16.780 Ha, sementara itu model kedua sebesar 2.184
Ha. Kedua model tersebut divalidasi dengan data di lapangan dan data kejadian
longsor, menunjukkan bahwa model kedua lebih sesuai dengan kondisi lapangan dan
representatif untuk mengindentifikasi rawan longsor di Kota Jayapura, sehingga dapat
disimpulkan bahwa model tersebut dapat digunakan lebih lanjut untuk keperluan
mitigasi.
ABSTRACT
Jayapura city is one area in the north of the island of Papua and dealing directly with
the Pacific plate, so the potential for geological disasters, one of which is a landslide,
however is not only affected by the influence of the Pacific plate movement but also
of the condition of the slope in the city of Jayapura varies from lowlands (0-8%) to
the hills (> 45%), so that for the assessment of slope and seismic faults and also the
condition that at any time there because the city of Jayapura located in earthquake
region then it has the potential to landslides which affected by seismicity and the
presence of faults. This study aims to map landslide susceptibility areas and risk in
Jayapura by using two prediction models, the first is the Model Estimation of
landslide Directorate of Volcanology and Geological Hazard Mitigation with
parameters rainfall, geology, soil type, slope and land use; The second is a
combination Estimation Model (Puslittanak 2004 and Shabi, H. et. al in 2012) with
the parameters slope, rainfall, geology, soil type, fault distance and density of
vegetation. Processed research results using Geographic Information System (GIS)
and field validation showed that of the total study area there are vast differences in
landslide-prone areas with higher classification, which first prediction models to
produce high landslide prone area of 16,780 hectares, while the second model of
2,184 Ha. Both models are validated with field data and landslide occurrence data,
showing that both models are better suited to field conditions and to identify landslide
prone representative in Jayapura, so that it can be concluded that the model can be
used further for mitigation purposes.;Jayapura city is one area in the north of the island of Papua and dealing directly with
the Pacific plate, so the potential for geological disasters, one of which is a landslide,
however is not only affected by the influence of the Pacific plate movement but also
of the condition of the slope in the city of Jayapura varies from lowlands (0-8%) to
the hills (> 45%), so that for the assessment of slope and seismic faults and also the
condition that at any time there because the city of Jayapura located in earthquake
region then it has the potential to landslides which affected by seismicity and the
presence of faults. This study aims to map landslide susceptibility areas and risk in
Jayapura by using two prediction models, the first is the Model Estimation of
landslide Directorate of Volcanology and Geological Hazard Mitigation with
parameters rainfall, geology, soil type, slope and land use; The second is a
combination Estimation Model (Puslittanak 2004 and Shabi, H. et. al in 2012) with
the parameters slope, rainfall, geology, soil type, fault distance and density of
vegetation. Processed research results using Geographic Information System (GIS)
and field validation showed that of the total study area there are vast differences in
landslide-prone areas with higher classification, which first prediction models to
produce high landslide prone area of 16,780 hectares, while the second model of
2,184 Ha. Both models are validated with field data and landslide occurrence data,
showing that both models are better suited to field conditions and to identify landslide
prone representative in Jayapura, so that it can be concluded that the model can be
used further for mitigation purposes., Jayapura city is one area in the north of the island of Papua and dealing directly with
the Pacific plate, so the potential for geological disasters, one of which is a landslide,
however is not only affected by the influence of the Pacific plate movement but also
of the condition of the slope in the city of Jayapura varies from lowlands (0-8%) to
the hills (> 45%), so that for the assessment of slope and seismic faults and also the
condition that at any time there because the city of Jayapura located in earthquake
region then it has the potential to landslides which affected by seismicity and the
presence of faults. This study aims to map landslide susceptibility areas and risk in
Jayapura by using two prediction models, the first is the Model Estimation of
landslide Directorate of Volcanology and Geological Hazard Mitigation with
parameters rainfall, geology, soil type, slope and land use; The second is a
combination Estimation Model (Puslittanak 2004 and Shabi, H. et. al in 2012) with
the parameters slope, rainfall, geology, soil type, fault distance and density of
vegetation. Processed research results using Geographic Information System (GIS)
and field validation showed that of the total study area there are vast differences in
landslide-prone areas with higher classification, which first prediction models to
produce high landslide prone area of 16,780 hectares, while the second model of
2,184 Ha. Both models are validated with field data and landslide occurrence data,
showing that both models are better suited to field conditions and to identify landslide
prone representative in Jayapura, so that it can be concluded that the model can be
used further for mitigation purposes.]
2015
T43571
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