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Abstrak :
Related Factors with Condom Using among Transvestites in DKI Jakarta in year 2000One way to determine the risk level of sexual behavior for Sexually Transmitted Diseases (STD) or HIV/AIDS is by measuring condom usage. Risky sexual behavior can be defined as sexual intercourse without consistent use of condoms. This research involves a survey to determine the level of condom usage among transvestites in 5 districts in Jakarta. The goal of this research is to explore factors relating to condom usage among transvestites in DKI Jakarta using cross sectional methodology research design. Data collection has been conducted over a 3 week period, and involved a sample of 138 transvestites, all of whom had sexual intercourse over the previous 2 weeks. The Dependent Variable is condom usage, while the Independent Variables are: 1) predisposing factors such as age, education, occupation, earnings, health knowledge (STD, HIV/AIDS and condom), previous sexual behavior, current sexual behavior, medication seeking behavior, reason for becoming a sex workers, excuses for always/not always wearing condoms; 2) access to condoms, source of information on HIV/AIDS and condoms; 3) perceptions regarding level of intimacy between transvestites and other persons. The research uses univariate and bivariate analysis. The result of the research shows that condom usage among transvestite is 15,2 % consistent and 84,8% inconsistent. From bivariate analysis, it has been found that a variable that has a significant relation with condom usage is the place where transvestites usually perform sexual intercourse. Other independent variables do not have a significant relationship with condom usage. Based on the result of this research, it is proposed that counseling programs be instigated to increase negotiation skills, and also to provide information to explain that the only effective method to prevent STDs and HIV/AIDS for transvestites engaged in high risk sexual behavior is condom usage. This is because transvestites have many sexual partners and they often engage in anal intercourse. NGOs involved in AIDS Prevention and condom manufacturers are expected to take active roles in delivering these messages.

Abstrak :
The objective of this paper is to assess the extent of STD knowledge and treatment seeking behavior and condom use among selected high risk groups of population, notably, sailors and seaport laborers, trackers, and female commercial sex workers (CWS), in three seaport cities in 1996: North Jakarta. Surabaya. and Manado. The survey used a cross-sectional survey design with a structured questionnaire to collect. through interview. self-reported behavioral data related to STD/HIV A two-stage cluster sampling was used to obtain sample of 200 to 400 respondents for each target group for each city. Most of respondents aged between 20 and 40 years. had low educational level. Two-rho-d of male respondents were married and the majority of female CSW respondents were in divorced status. Respondents 'ST D knowledge was limited to syphilis. gonorrhea, and AIDS The knowledge seemed to refer more to the "word" rather than to the disease, mixing up the word of syphilis or gonorrhea with other STDs. "Pain and hot when urinating" was perceived as a symptom related to .ST D. The practice of ST D self treatment was common. More than hay' Of those with STD related symptom sought medical treatment, particularlv from private medical practice. Substantial proportion of those with .ST D related symptom did not seen any medical treatment About half of male respondents ever visited female CS Hi The result of ever had STD was eight times higher for those who ever visited female CS W than those who never visited female CSW. Among male respondents, use of condom at last sexual contact with female CSW was very low, below ten percent. Among female CSW respondents use of condom at their last sexual Contact varied between cities and between localization and non-localization from l5 to 50 percent, but consistent condom use was much lower, from one to 25 percent.