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Abstrak :
Kinerja manajer wanita dipandang lebih inferior daripada manajer pria. Penelitian mengenai perbandingan kinerja manajer pria dan wanita selalu menggunakan kinerja kuantitatif (penilaian kinerja oleh perusahaan). Menurut Lawler (dalam Rabinowitz & Hall, 1977), ada cara lain yaitu penilaian kinerja secara kualitatif (keterlibatan kerja). Penilaian ini mempunyai lingkup yang lebih luas dan hasil yang diperoleh sejalan dengan penilaian kinerja kuantitatif. Dalam penelitian ini, peneliti membandingkan kinerja (keterlibatan kerja) manajer pda dan wanita. Dalam melakukan kinerjanya, seorang manajer harus menjalankan 4 fungsi utama (perencanaan, pengorganisasian, pengawasan dan memimpin bawahan) dimana fungsi memimpin memegang peranan terpenting (Baron & Greenberg, 1990). Menurut Rosener (dalam Gabarro, 1990), ada perbedaan gaya kepemimpinan manajer pria dan wanita. Manajer pria memiliki gaya kepemimpinan berorientasi tugas atau Memprakarsai Struktur, sedangkan manajer wanita berorientasi Tenggang Rasa. Adanya perbedaan gaya kepemimpinan ini disebabkan proses sosialisasi peran jenis kelamin yang berbeda antara manajer pria dan wanita. Wanita ditanamkan nilai-nilai feminin, sehingga gaya kepemimpinannya mengarah kepada gaya kepemimpinan Tenggang Rasa. Pria ditanamkan nilai-nilai maskulin, sehingga mengarah kepada gaya kepemimpinan Memprakarsai Struktur. Kedua gaya ini walaupun berbeda, tetapi tidak mengarah kepada perbedaan keterlibatan kerja. Hal terakhir ini tidak didukung oleh Reddin (1970) yang berpandangan bahwa manajer pria dan wanita seharusnya memiliki gaya kepemimpinan integrasi (kombinasi Memprakarsai Struktur dan Tenggang Rasa) agar mengarah kepada keterlibatan kerja tinggi. Berdasarkan hal ini mungkin dapat disimpulkan bahwa keterlibatan kerja pria dan wanita dipengaruhi oleh faktor peran jenis kelamin dan gaya kepemimpinan. Oleh sebab itu, permasalahan umum dalam penelitian ini, Bagaimana perbandingan gambaran peran jenis kelamin, gaya kepemimpinan dan keterlibatan kerja antara manajer pria dan wanita. Variabel penelitian ini adalah variiabel peran jenis kelamin (maskulin, feminin dan androgini), variabel gaya kepemimpinan (gaya kepemimpinan terpisah, berhubungan, dedikasi dan integrasi) dan variabel keterlibatan kerja (keterlibatan kerja tinggi dan rendah). Sampel yang digunakan berjumlah 36 manajer pria dan 33 manajer wanita. Tehnik pengambilan sampel secara accidental dan metode pengumpulan data menggunakan 3 kuesioner yaitu Kuesioner Teori Kebutuhan Dua Faktor Herzberg (mengukur keterlibatan kerja), Skala Maskulin-Feminin (mengukur peran jenis kelamin) dan Kuesioner Opini Kepemimpinan (mengukur gaya kepemimpinan). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan ada perbedaan peran jenis kelamin antara manajer pria dan wanita. Mayoritas manajer pria mempunyai peran jenis kelamin maskulin, sedangkan mayoritas manajer wanita mempunyai peran jenis kelamin androgini. Dalam hal gaya kepemimpinan, tidak ada perbedaan antara manajer pria dan wanita, namun mayoritas manajer pria dan wanita mempunyai gaya kepemimpinan integrasi. Dalam hal keterlibatan kerja, tidak ada perbedaan antara manajer pria dan wanita. Mayoritas manajer pria dan wanita dengan keterlibatan kerja tinggi berada pada gaya kepemimpinan integrasi, dengan peran jenis kelamin maskulin pada manajer pria dan androgini pada manajer wanita. Hanya 1 orang manajer pria yang mempunyai keterlibatan kerja rendah dan tidak seorang pun manajer wanita yang mempunyai keterlibatan kera rendah.

Abstrak :
Author: Yoke-Lian Lee Publisher: London [England] ; New York [N.Y.] : Routledge, 2010 Series: Politics of series. Edition/Format: eBook : Document : English : 1st edView all editions and formats Summary: This new title in the Politics of ... series addresses the major theme of the politics of gender. Chapters on a variety of issues, contributed by experts in the field of gender, include Human Trafficking and EU Law, Gender in International Relations, the Gender Politics of Philosophy/Political Theory, the Construction of Masculinity in Hollywood Movies, the Politics of Law, and the Politics of Mainstreaming Gender in the Peace and Security Agenda of the African Union

Abstrak :
"In this book new book, the author draws on anthropology, feminism and psychoanalysis to develop an original and provocative theory of gender and of how we become sexed beings." ... "Using detailed ethnographic data from Melanesia and Africa to explore the strengths and weaknesses of a range of theories in anthropology, feminism and psychoanalysis, the author advocates an ethics of engagement based on a detailed understanding of our differences and similarities in the ways in which local communities and western scholars have imaginatively deployed the power of sexual difference. She demonstrates the importance of ethbnographic listening, of focused attention to people's imaginations, and of how this illuminates different facets of complex theoretical issues and human conundrums".

Abstrak :
This study untangles the complex interplay of individual and contextual factors shaping cross-national differences in horizontal and vertical occupational sex segregation. It relates the individual factors affecting occupational decisions to the broader social and economic context within a given society. Stephanie Steinmetz provides a comprehensive overview of the development and causes of cross-national differences in occupational sex segregation. She offers insights into the positioning of 21 EU Members States, particularly of former CCE countries. Finally, the study assesses the empirical findings from a political perspective by addressing the future contextual challenges of EU Member States seeking to attain higher gender equality on the labour market.

Abstrak :
The Politics of Feminist Knowledge Transfer draws together analytical work on gender training and gender expertise. Its chapters critically reflect on the politics of feminist knowledge transfer, understood as an inherently political, dynamic and contested process, the overall aim of which is to transform gendered power relations in pursuit of more equal societies, workplaces, and policies. At its core, the work explores the relationship between gender expertise, gender training, and broader processes of feminist transformation arising from knowledge transfer activities. Examining these in a reflective way, the book brings a primarily practice-based debate into the academic arena. With contributions from authors of diverse backgrounds, including academics, practitioners and representatives of gender training institutions, the editors combine a focus on gender expertise and gender training, with more theory-focused chapters

Abstrak :

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ABSTRACT
Gender in Modern East Asia" explores the history of women and gender in China, Korea, and Japan from the seventeenth century to the present. This unique volume treats the three countries separately within each time period while also placing them in global and regional contexts. Its transnational and integrated approach connects the cultural, economic, and social developments in East Asia to what is happening across the wider world. The text focuses specifically on the dynamic histories of sexuality; gender ideology, discourse, and legal construction; marriage and the family; and the gendering of work, society, culture, and power. Important themes and topics woven through the text include Confucianism, writing and language, the role of the state in gender construction, nationalism, sexuality and prostitution, New Women and Modern Girls, feminisms, comfort women, and imperialism. Accessibly written and comprehensive, "Gender in Modern East Asia" is a much-needed contribution to the study of the region.