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Hasil Pencarian

Ditemukan 4 dokumen yang sesuai dengan query
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Hermawan Yulianto
Abstrak :
[ABSTRAK
Kacang kedelai merupakan komoditas pangan yang utama di Indonesia setelah padi dan jagung. Tren penurunan produksi kedelai dari tahun 1997-2006 merupakan persoalan sekaligus ancaman terhadap ketahanan pangan nasional. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui sebaran spasial lahan pertanian tanaman kedelai di Kabupaten Grobogan, karakteristik wilayah lahan pertanian tanaman kedelai, serta pola hubungan spasial antara lahan pertanian tanaman kedelai dan karakteristik wilayahnya. Analisis pola persebaran spasial dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode Rerata Tetangga Terdekat atau ANN (Average Nearest Neighboard) dan pembuatan model spasial menggunakan metode Analisis Pemetaan Komposit (Composite Mapping Analysis/CMA). Dalam penelitian ini ditunjukkan pola persebaran spasial lahan pertanian tanaman kedelai di Kabupaten Grobogan yang cenderung mengelompok (clustered). Pola tersebut dipengaruhi oleh faktor penggunaan lahan, iklim, topografi, geologi, geomorfologi, jenis tanah, dan jarak (dari pusat kota, permukiman, dan jalan). Di Kabupaten Grobogan, sebaran spasial lahan tanaman kedelai hanya dijumpai pada lahan pertanian ?kelas dua?, yaitu sawah tadah hujan dan tegalan serta hanya dibudidayakan sekali dalam setahun, yaitu selama musim hujan. Persebaran lahan pertanian tanaman kedelai berada pada karakteristik wilayah yang kurang mendukung bagi pertumbuhannya secara optimal.
ABSTRACT
Soybeans are the main food commodities in Indonesia after rice and maize. The downward trend of the 1997-2006 soybean production is an issue as well as a threat to national food security. This study aims to determine the spatial distribution of soybean farms in Grobogan, regional characteristics soybean crop farms, as well as the pattern of spatial relationship between soybean crop farms and characteristics of territory. Analysis of the spatial distribution patterns were calculated using ANN (Average Nearest Neighboard) and spatial modeling using Composite Mapping Analysis. In the present study demonstrated the spatial distribution patterns of soybean crop farms in Grobogan which tend to clustered. The pattern is influenced by land use, climate, topography, geology, geomorphology, soil type, and distances (from the center of town, settlements, and roads). In Grobogan, the spatial distribution of soybean crops on agricultural land is found only "second class", ie rainfed and upland and cultivated only once a year, that is during the rainy season. Distribution of soybean crop farms located in areas unfavorable characteristics for optimal growth., Soybeans are the main food commodities in Indonesia after rice and maize. The downward trend of the 1997-2006 soybean production is an issue as well as a threat to national food security. This study aims to determine the spatial distribution of soybean farms in Grobogan, regional characteristics soybean crop farms, as well as the pattern of spatial relationship between soybean crop farms and characteristics of territory. Analysis of the spatial distribution patterns were calculated using ANN (Average Nearest Neighboard) and spatial modeling using Composite Mapping Analysis. In the present study demonstrated the spatial distribution patterns of soybean crop farms in Grobogan which tend to clustered. The pattern is influenced by land use, climate, topography, geology, geomorphology, soil type, and distances (from the center of town, settlements, and roads). In Grobogan, the spatial distribution of soybean crops on agricultural land is found only "second class", ie rainfed and upland and cultivated only once a year, that is during the rainy season. Distribution of soybean crop farms located in areas unfavorable characteristics for optimal growth.]
2015
T43755
UI - Tesis Membership  Universitas Indonesia Library
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Suwarsono
Abstrak :
ABSTRAK
Kebakaran hutan dan lahan telah menjadi ancaman cukup serius bagi masyarakat secara global pada dua dekade terakhir karena kontribusinya terhadap rusaknya ekosistem, peningkatan emisi karbon, penurunan keanekaragaman hayati, gangguan kesehatan, dan kerugian ekonomi. Kalimantan merupakan daerah yang rawan terhadap bencana kebakaran hutan dan lahan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui model identifikasi burned area yang paling sesuai diaplikasikan di Kalimantan dengan menggunakan citra MODIS serta mengkaji sebaran burned area secara spasial (spatial distribution). Identifikasi burned area dilakukan dengan menggunakan indeks vegetasi (NDVI), indeks kebakaran (NBR), dan nilai reflektansi dari citra MODIS. Analisis sebaran secara spasial dilakukan dengan menumpangsusunkan (overlay) antara burned area dengan variabelvariabel penutup lahan, curah hujan, elevasi, kemiringan lereng, jenis tanah, dan jarak dengan permukiman. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa dari semua model, model NBR memberikan tingkat akurasi paling tinggi, yaitu sebesar 0,635 atau 63,5%. Luas total burned area di Kalimantan pada tahun 2011 sekitar 343.290 ha. Sebaran spasial burned area di Kalimantan sebagian besar berada pada suatu wilayah yang mempunyai karakteristik; (a) curah hujan bulanan kurang dari 200 mm/bulan, (b) jenis tanah Tropohemists, Tropaquepts, atau Quartzipsaments, (c) penutup lahan semak/belukar, sawah, hutan, atau ladang/tegalan, (d) elevasi di bawah 100 meter dpl, (e) datar dengan kemiringan 0 ? 3%, dan (f) relatif dekat dengan permukiman.
Abstract
Forest and land fire has been a serious threat for global communities since two last decades because their contribution to ecosystem damages, carbon emission increasing, biodiversity decreasing, healthy interfering, and also economic lost. Kalimantan is the prone area of the forest and land fire. Objectives of the research are to find out the appropriate identification model of burned area derived from MODIS imagery and to analyze their spatial distribution. The burned area identification was developed by using the variabels extracted from MODIS imagery such vegetation index (NDVI), burn index (NBR), and reflectance values. Then, the spatial distribution was analyzed by using overlay methods between burned area and variabels of rainfall, landcover, elevation, slope, soil type and the distances from settlements. The research concludes that among several models, the NBR model show the highest accuracy, that is 63,5 %. Total of the burned area in Kalimantan for 2011 was about 343,290 hectares. The burned area spatial distribution in Kalimantan mostly located on the regions which have characteristics; (a) rainfall less than 200 mm/month, (b) soil type of Tropohemists, Tropaquepts, or Quartzipsaments, (c) landcover of shrublands, paddy fields, forests, or croplands, (d) elevation less than 100 metres asl, (e) flat regions with slope about 0 ? 3%, and (f) relatively near from settlements.
2012
T31221
UI - Tesis Open  Universitas Indonesia Library
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Chintia Dewi
Abstrak :
ABSTRAK
Banjir rob merupakan banjir yang disebabkan pasang naik air laut dan sering melanda Kota Jakarta. Tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu untuk mengetahui sebaranspasial tingkat risiko banjir rob di Jakarta Utara, yang didasarkan pada variabel kerawanan dan kerentanan banjir, serta kesiap-siagaan menghadapi banjir, dimana masing-masing variabel dibagi lagi menjadi beberapa aspek dan kriteria. Melalui metode idiografik yang diperkuat dengan aplikasi SIG dan AHP, maka diperolehkesimpulan bahwa wilayah dengan tingkat risiko tinggi terdapat di Kelurahan Penjaringan, wilayah dengan tingkat risiko sedang terdapat di Kelurahan Marunda dan wilayah dengan tingkat risiko rendah terdapat di Kelurahan Kapuk Muara, Kelurahan Kamal Muara, Kelurahan Ancol, Kelurahan Pademangan Barat, KelurahanKali Baru, Kelurahan Tanjung Priok dan Kelurahan Pluit.
ABSTRACT
Tidal flood are caused by tidal flooding of sea wateran is often hit in Jakarta. Thepurpose of this study is to determine spatial distribution of tidal flood risk level in North Jakarta, which is based on insecurity and vulnerability variables floods,and alertness to flooding,where each variable is divided into several aspects and criteria through idiografik method is strengthened by the application of GIS and AHP, it could be concluded that areas with high risk levels are in Penjaringan District,areas with moderate risk levels are in Marunda District and region with low risk levels are in Kapuk Muara District, Kamal Muara District, Ancol District, Pademangan Barat District, Kali Baru District, Tanjung Priuk District and Pluit District.
Depok: Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam Universitas Indonesia, 2010
S33098
UI - Skripsi Open  Universitas Indonesia Library
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Balqis Arche Nofinska
Abstrak :
Degradasi habitat, fragmentasi habitat, perburuan liar dan konflik gajah dengan manusia telah menyebabkan terjadinya penurunan populasi gajah sumatra Elephas maximus sumatranus dan menempatkannya menjadi salah satu satwa dengan status konservasi kritis critically endangered. Informasi-informasi dasar seperti seks, usia, sebaran spasial, serta pengaruh faktor-faktor lingkungan terhadap keberadaan gajah sumatra diperlukan untuk mencegah gajah sumatra dari kepunahan melalui manajemen konservasi yang baik. Identifikasi seks gajah sumatra dilakukan pada sampel feses dari Taman Nasional Bukit Barisan Selatan TNBBS dengan teknik molekular menggunakan metode multiplex Polymerase Chain Reaction untuk mengamplifikasi gen PLP1 pada kromosom X serta SRY1 dan AMELY2 pada kromososm Y. Identifikasi usia dilakukan dengan mengukur rata-rata keliling bolus feses. Hasil dari identifikasi seks-usia pada sampel feses gajah sumatra di TNBBS menunjukkan bahwa sampel yang ditemukan didominasi oleh betina muda dan betina dewasa masing-masing 22, jantan muda 20, jantan dewasa 9, betina anak 4, serta jantan anak 3. Preferensi habitat gajah sumatra jantan dan betina sama yaitu lahan pertanian kering. Uji pengaruh variabel lingkungan terhadap probabilitas kehadiran gajah sumatra jantan dan betina dilakukan dengan menggunakan Maximum Entropy MaxEnt dan hasilnya menunjukkan bahwa variabel yang memberikan pengaruh terbesar adalah elevasi, tutupan lahan, dan jarak desa. Upaya untuk melindungi gajah sumatra dari kepunahan dapat dilakukan dengan pemilihan prioritas restorasi lahan, penegakan hukum, perencanaan penggunaan lahan, peningkatan patroli, serta penelitian terkait populasi gajah sumatra dan habitatnya seperti yang dilakukan dalam penelitian ini. ...... Habitat degradation, habitat fragmentation, poaching and human elephant conflict HEC have resulted in a decline of sumatran elephant Elephas maximus sumatranus population and placed it into one of critically endangered animals. Basic information such as sex, age, spatial distribution, and the influence of environmental factors on the existence of sumatran elephant are needed to prevent sumatran elephants from extinction through good conservation management. The identification of Sumatran elephant sex was performed on faecal samples from Bukit Barisan Selatan National Park BBSNP by molecular technique using multiplex Polymerase Chain Reaction method to amplify PLP1 gene on X chromosome and SRY1 and AMELY2 on Y chromososm. Age identification was done by measuring the mean of boli circumference. The results of the age sex identification of the sumatran elephant faeces sample in BBNSP showed that the samples were dominated by adult female and sub adult female 22 respectively, 20 sub adult males, 9 adult males, 4 juvenile females, and 3 juvenile males. Preference of males and females sumatran elephant habitat is dry farmland. The test of environmental variables influence on the probability of males and females sumatran elephants presence was performed using Maximum Entropy MaxEnt. The results showed that elevation, land cover, and village distance were variables that gave biggest influence to the presence probability. Efforts to protect Sumatran elephants from extinction can be undertaken with the selection of land restoration priorities, law enforcement, land use planning, patrol improvements, and research on sumatran elephant populations and their habitats as practiced in this study.
Depok: Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam Universitas Indonesia, 2018
S-Pdf
UI - Skripsi Membership  Universitas Indonesia Library