Hasil Pencarian  ::  Simpan CSV :: Kembali

Hasil Pencarian

Ditemukan 2 dokumen yang sesuai dengan query
cover
Farhandi Fadillah Fedrizal
Abstrak :
Kulit kakao adalah produk sampingan utama dari industri kakao, serai digunakan untuk memasak rempah-rempah di Indonesia, namun hanya batangnya yang digunakan, daunnya adalah limbah, dan ampas kopi adalah sisa dari biji kopi setelah digiling dan diseduh, di mana ia juga dianggap sebagai limbah Limbah biomassa ini berpotensi digunakan untuk produksi biogas melalui ko-pencernaan dengan kotoran sapi, karena ko-pencernaan antara limbah pertanian dan kotoran hewan memberikan efek sinergis yang akan menghasilkan hasil biogas lebih tinggi. Namun, limbah biomassa ini adalah bahan lignoselulosa, karena sulit untuk limbah biomassa diuraikan dalam pencernaan anaerob. Cairan rumen sapi telah diusulkan untuk metode biodegradasi biomassa lignoselulosa. Penelitian ini akan menggunakan limbah biomassa dan akan dicerna bersama dengan kotoran sapi dengan 4 variasi, yaitu: 1: 3, 1: 1, 3: 1, dan 1: 0. Cairan rumen sapi juga akan ditambahkan dalam empat variasi berbeda yaitu 0 g, 50 g, 100 g, dan 200 g. Kondisi operasi untuk produksi biogas juga akan bervariasi pada 25oC, 37 oC, 50 oC, dan 70 oC. Pencernaan anaerob akan dilakukan selama 168 jam, berdasarkan hasil, rasio optimal kulit kakao, serai, ampas kopi dengan kotoran sapi masing-masing adalah 1: 1, 1: 1, dan 1: 3, sedangkan jumlah rumen sapi yang optimal fluida 100 g, dan suhu kondisi pengoperasian optimal pada 37oC. Hasil metana untuk setiap limbah biomassa optimal adalah 46,05 ml, 33,88 ml, dan 346,3 ml dengan komposisi metana puncak yang sesuai masing-masing 16,64%, 8,45%, dan 57,89% untuk kulit buah kakao, serai, dan ampas kopi. Sementara perbandingan limbah biomassa dan kotoran sapi optimal yang sama tanpa penambahan cairan rumen menghasilkan 1,74 ml, 0,1 ml, dan 3,42 ml metana dengan komposisi metana puncak yang sesuai yaitu 1,56%, 0,03%, dan 23,32% untuk sekam kakao, serai, dan ampas kopi co-digestion masing-masing. Oleh karena itu, hasilnya menyiratkan bahwa penambahan cairan rumen sapi berhasil menurunkan biomassa lignoselulosa dan mempercepat produksi biogas.
Cocoa husk is the primary by-product from the cocoa industry, lemongrass is used for cooking spices in Indonesia, however only the trunks are used, the leaves are waste, and coffee grounds is the reside from coffee beans after it is milled and brewed, where it is also considered as waste These biomass waste has the potential of being used for biogas production by co-digestion with cow manure, as co-digestion between agricultural waste and animal manure gives synergistic effect which would produce higher biogas yield. However, these biomass wastes are lignocellulosic materials, as it is difficult to for the waste biomass to be decomposed in anaerobic digestion. Cow rumen fluid has been proposed for method for biodegradation of lignocellulosic biomass. The research will use the biomass waste and it will be co-digested with cow manure with 4 variation, which are as follows, 1:3, 1:1, 3:1, and 1:0. Cow rumen fluid will also be added in four different variations which are 0 g, 50 g, 100 g, and 200 g. The operating condition for the biogas production will also be varied at 25oC, 370C, 50oC, and 70oC. Anaerobic digestion will be conducted for 168 hours, based on the results the optimum ratio of cocoa husk, lemongrass, coffee grounds to cow manure are 1: 1, 1: 1, and 1: 3, respectively, while the optimum amount of cow rumen fluid is 100 g, and the optimum operating condition temperature is at 37oC. The methane yield for each optimum biomass waste are 46.05 ml, 33.88 ml, and 346.3 ml with corresponding peak methane composition at 16.64%, 8.45%, and 57.89% for cocoa husk, lemongrass, and coffee grounds, respectively. While the same optimum waste biomass to cow manure ratio with no addition of rumen fluid produces 1.74 ml, 0.1 ml, and 3.42 ml of methane with corresponding peak methane composition at 1.56%, 0.03%, and 23.32% for cocoa husk, lemongrass, and coffee grounds co-digestion respectively. Therefore, the results imply that the addition of cow rumen fluid is successful in degrading the lignocellulose biomass and accelerate biogas production.
Depok: Fakultas Teknik Universitas Indonesia, 2019
S-Pdf
UI - Skripsi Membership  Universitas Indonesia Library
cover
Hanindito Andhika Budianto
Abstrak :
[Sekitar 58,9% penduduk Indonesia bergantung pada tangki septik untuk mengolah tinja, namun 90% dari IPLT yang ada tidak beroperasi dengan baik. Anaerobic digestion (AD) adalah teknologi alternatif yang dapat menggantikan sistim saat ini, namun dibutuhkan inokulum yang sesuai agar dapat mengolah lumpur tinja. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pencampuran inokulum cairan rumen sapi (R) dan feses sapi (F) ke dalam lumpur tinja, dan penambahan co-substrat serbuk kayu (SK) dan daun kering (DK) terhadap pembentukan gas metana. Metode yang digunakan adalah biochemical methane potential (BMP). Batasan yang digunakan adalah massa inkubasi 28 hari, suhu inkubator 35oC, rasio substrat/inokulum (RSI) 1:2, sampel triplo, dan volume efektif 50%. Substrat lumpur tinja memiliki karakteristik COD 8,99 g/L, TS 8,1 g/L, VS 7,1 g/L, dan C/N 15,2. Hasil kombinasi substrat lumpur tinja dengan co-substrat SK dan DK menghasilkan nilai C/N 24,6 dan 16,8. Dari hasil uji BMP 28 hari, potensi gas metana RSK dan RDK adalah 60,5 dan 51,5 mLCH4/gVS. Kombinasi feses sapi, FSK dan FDK, menghasilkan 1,7 dan 37,7 mLCH4/gVS. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah inokulum (R) memiliki potensi menghasilkan gas metana lebih besar ketimbang (F), dan campuran co-substrat tidak memiliki pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap pembentukan gas metana. ......About 58,9% of Indonesian‟s people rely on septic tank to process fecal waste, but 90% of fecal treatment facilities doesn't function properly. Anaerobic Digestion (AD) is an alternative technology than could replace the existing system, but it requires a compatible inoculum to digest fecal sludge waste. This research aims to determine the effects of adding inoculum from cow's rumen fluid (R) and cow‟s feces (F) into fecal sludge, and also determine the effect of combination of sawdust (SK) and dried leaves (DK) to the methane gas production. The biochemical methane potential (BMP) method is used in this research. The research frameworks consist of 28 days incubation period, incubator temperature of 35oC, 1:2 substrate-to-inoculum ratios (RSI), triplicate sample and 50% effective volume. The sewage sludge characteristics are COD 8,99 g/L, TS 8,1 g/L, VS 7,1 g/L and C/N 15,2. The combination of fecal sludge substrate with sawdust co-substrate and dried leaves yields C/N value of 24,6 and 16,8 respectively. The results of this research are the combination of rumen with RSK and RDK yields 60,5 dan 51,5 mLCH4/gVS respectively. The combination of cow feces with FSK and FDK yields 1,7 dan 37,7 mLCH4/gVS. This experiment concluded that inoculum (R) has the highest methane production compare to (F) and the combination of co-substrate (SK) and (DK) has little influence in methane gas production., About 58,9% of Indonesian‟s people rely on septic tank to process fecal waste, but 90% of fecal treatment facilities doesn‟t function properly. Anaerobic Digestion (AD) is an alternative technology than could replace the existing system, but it requires a compatible inoculum to digest fecal sludge waste. This research aims to determine the effects of adding inoculum from cow‟s rumen fluid (R) and cow‟s feces (F) into fecal sludge, and also determine the effect of combination of sawdust (SK) and dried leaves (DK) to the methane gas production. The biochemical methane potential (BMP) method is used in this research. The research frameworks consist of 28 days incubation period, incubator temperature of 35oC, 1:2 substrate-to-inoculum ratios (RSI), triplicate sample and 50% effective volume. The sewage sludge characteristics are COD 8,99 g/L, TS 8,1 g/L, VS 7,1 g/L and C/N 15,2. The combination of fecal sludge substrate with sawdust co-substrate and dried leaves yields C/N value of 24,6 and 16,8 respectively. The results of this research are the combination of rumen with RSK and RDK yields 60,5 dan 51,5 mLCH4/gVS respectively. The combination of cow feces with FSK and FDK yields 1,7 dan 37,7 mLCH4/gVS. This experiment concluded that inoculum (R) has the highest methane production compare to (F) and the combination of co-substrate (SK) and (DK) has little influence in methane gas production.]
Depok: Fakultas Teknik Universitas Indonesia, 2016
S61581
UI - Skripsi Membership  Universitas Indonesia Library