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Abstrak :
[ABSTRAK
Pasca latihan yang berat dan lama, atlet memerlukan suplemen gizi yang tepat untuk memaksimalkan pemulihan dan performa. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membuktikan pengaruh susu cokelat dan minuman berkarbohidrat-protein terhadap pemulihan dan performa atlet dayung nasional cabang rowing putera berusia 18 – 23 tahun. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian eksperimental murni yang bersifat single-blind dengan crossover design dan dilaksanakan di Pelatnas Dayung Pengalengan, Jawa Barat pada Bulan April 2015. Atlet diberikan susu cokelat atau minuman berkarbohidrat-protein selama 4 jam recovery di antara 2 latihan endurance. Sebelum (pre) dan sesudah latihan (post), sampel darah vena diambil untuk mengukur peningkatan ureum darah dan kreatin kinase darah sebagai indikator pemulihan, masing-masing menggunakan Cobas C111 dan Advia 1650/1800. Performa diukur pada latihan ke-2 menggunakan ergometer dayung. Peningkatan ureum darah, kreatin kinase darah dan performa antara kedua perlakuan dibandingkan menggunakan uji t independen. Hasil analisis membuktikan bahwa peningkatan rata-rata ureum darah setelah pemberian susu cokelat lebih rendah, yakni 9,14 ± 3,39 mg/dl dibandingkan minuman berkarbohidrat-protein, yakni 16,29 ± 4,89 mg/dl (p value = 0,012) yang artinya pemulihan glikogen otot setelah pemberian susu cokelat lebih tinggi dibandingkan minuman berkarbohidrat-protein. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa susu cokelat merupakan alternatif suplemen pasca latihan yang efektif.

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ABSTRACT
After an intense and long lasting exercise, athletes have sought nutritional supplements to maximize recovery and performance. This study compared the effects of chocolate milk and carbohydrate-protein replacement drink on recovery and performance among national rowing male athletes aged 18 – 23 years. This is a single-blind, true experimental study with crossover design, conducted in National Training Centre, Pengalengan, April 2015. Athletes received milk chocolate or carbohydrate-protein replacement drink during 4 hours recovery between 2 endurance exercises. Before (pre) and after exercise (post), venous blood sample was collected to measure the increase of blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and creatin kinase (CK) as indicator of recovery, using Cobas C111 and Advia 1650/1800 respectively. Performance was measured in the second exercise using rowing ergometer. The effects of each treatment on BUN, CK and performance was compared by using independent t tests. The result demonstrated that the increase of BUN were significantly lower (muscle glycogen recovery were significantly higher) for chocolate milk trial compared to carbohydrate-protein repleacement drink trial (9,14 ± 3,39 mg/dl vs. 16,29 ± 4,89 mg/dl, P = 0,012). It suggested that chocolate milk is an effective post-workout recovery aid., After an intense and long lasting exercise, athletes have sought nutritional supplements to maximize recovery and performance. This study compared the effects of chocolate milk and carbohydrate-protein replacement drink on recovery and performance among national rowing male athletes aged 18 – 23 years. This is a single-blind, true experimental study with crossover design, conducted in National Training Centre, Pengalengan, April 2015. Athletes received milk chocolate or carbohydrate-protein replacement drink during 4 hours recovery between 2 endurance exercises. Before (pre) and after exercise (post), venous blood sample was collected to measure the increase of blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and creatin kinase (CK) as indicator of recovery, using Cobas C111 and Advia 1650/1800 respectively. Performance was measured in the second exercise using rowing ergometer. The effects of each treatment on BUN, CK and performance was compared by using independent t tests. The result demonstrated that the increase of BUN were significantly lower (muscle glycogen recovery were significantly higher) for chocolate milk trial compared to carbohydrate-protein repleacement drink trial (9,14 ± 3,39 mg/dl vs. 16,29 ± 4,89 mg/dl, P = 0,012). It suggested that chocolate milk is an effective post-workout recovery aid.]

Abstrak :
ABSTRACT
Warm-up is an essential part of preparation for rowing, especially in competitions. Respiratory muscle warm-up has been proposed to be the beneficial warm-up protocol for enhancing rowing performance. Therefore, the aim of this study is to determine the effect of inspiratory and expiratory muscle warm-up on rowing performance. The design of the study is a crossover study with controlled experiments. Fourteen youth rowers from the Rower and Canoeing Association of Thailand (six males, eight females) had to perform two warm-up protocols: specific rowing warm-up (SWU) and a combination of inspiratory and expiratory muscle warm-up with specific rowing warm-up (RWU+SWU). Afterwards, they had to perform a six minute all-out test. Mean power, distance, pre- and post-maximum inspiratory and expiratory muscle strength (MIP, MEP) of these results were compared. The results showed no significant differences in mean power (p=0.233) and distance (p=0.177) between SWU and RWU+SWU. Furthermore, pre-post MIP and MEP were not different in both warm-up protocols. However, mean power and distance in male rowers tend to increase under the RWU+SWU protocol, but both of parameters result in females conversely. In conclusion, the effect of RWU+SWU on rowing performance is not different from SWU, but if gender is considered, male and female rowers will react to the RWU+SWU protocol differently. Hence, this should be further investigated with a larger number of participants.

Abstrak :
Penelitian ini merupakan studi eksperimental yang bertujuan untuk menilai pengaruh pemberian makanan sebelum latihan dengan indeks glikemik berbeda terhadap peningkatan laktat sebagai indikator kelelahan atlet. Data yang dikumpulkan meliputi karateristik responden berdasarkan data demografi umur, antropometri berat badan, tinggi badan, IMT, persen lemak tubuh, asupan makan, aktivitas fisik, dan kadar laktat darah. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian eksperimental dengan jenis studi repeated measures design yang melibatkan 1 kelompok subjek berisi 7 orang. Pada perlakuan tahap 1 responden diberikan makanan dengan indeks glikemik rendah 90 menit sebelum latihan, setelah itu ada masa wash out 1 minggu, kemudian tahap kedua diberikan makanan indeks glikemik tinggi 90 menit sebelum latihan. Sebelum makan, 90 menit sesudah makan, dan setelah latihan diukur kadar laktatnya. Tidak terdapat perbedaan bermakna antara peningkatan kadar laktat pada perlakuan 1 maupun 2 p> 0,05 , namun terdapat kecenderungan peningkatan laktat pada perlakuan 1 cenderung lebih kecil daripada peningkatan laktat pada perlakuan 2. Makanan dengan indeks glikemik rendah dapat dijadikan pilihan sebelum latihan karena terdapat kecenderungan peningkatan laktat menjadi lebih kecil. Diperlukan penelitian selanjutnya untuk mengetahui efek dari indeks glikemik berbeda yang dapat menunjukan adanya perbedaan bermakna.

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This research, an experimental study aims to identify the effect of pre exercise meal that contain a different kind of glycemic index toward the blood lactate level as an indicator of fatigue in athlete. The data collected were age, anthropomethry weight, height, body mass index, percentage of fat, food intake, physical activity, and blood lactate level. This research using repeated mesuares design involving 1 group of 7 male subject who received two different intervention. In the first stage of intervension respondents were given food with a low glycemic index 90 minutes before exercise, then there was a wash out period in one week, after that in the second stage of intervention respondents were given a high glycemic index food 90 minutes before exercise. There was no significant difference between lactate elevated levels in treatment 1 and 2 p 0.05 , but there was a tendency that increasement of lactate in treatment 1 to be less than lactate increase in treatment 2. Foods with low glycemic index could be used before exercise because there was a tendency to increase lactate level be smaller than intervention 2. Further research is needed to investigate the effects of different glycemic indexes that may indicate significant differences.