Hasil Pencarian  ::  Simpan CSV :: Kembali

Abstrak :
ABSTRAK
Pendahuluan: Upaya pencegahan sakit akibat kerja karena pajanan bahan kimia dapat dilakukan melalui program kesehatan kerja yang berbasis risiko. Kajian risiko penting bagi Proyek Konstruksi LNG. Pekerjaan yang bersifat jangka pendek, jumlah tenaga keria yang besar, Iokasi proyek di daerah terpencil dan dengan jenis pekerjaan yang sangat bervariasi serta dikerjakan secara simultan (SIMOPS) dapat menimbulkan berbagai macam risiko kesehatan kerja melalui pajanan berbagai macam bahaya kesehatan termasuk bahan-bahan kimia. Metode: Penelitian ini bersifat dekriptif dengan meiakukan evaluasi penggunaan pendekatan He-althMap dalam mengkaji risiko bahan kimia pada Proyek Konstruksi LNG di Perusahaan X yang dilakukan pada tahun 2007. Evaluasi dilakukan dengan cara membandingkan hasil kajian risiko yang diperoleh melalui pendekatan Hea!thMap dengan hasil kajian risiko yang diperoleh melalui Studi Iiteratur. Hasil telitian: ldentifikasi Hazard. Beberapa hazard bahan kimia tidak teridentifikasi seperti benlium, karbon monoksida, debu, gas, isocyanates. Tidak teridentirikasinya hazard tersebut karena kurangnya kompetensi pelaksana dan tidak tersedianya alat bantu. Kaiian Pa'|anan. Faktor ketidakpastian cukup besar karena tidak tersedianya data pajanan, kesulitan menentukan besar relatif populasi terpajan dan terbatasnya informasi untuk mengestimasi tingkat pajanan. Kaian dan Prioritisasi Risiko. Tingkat risiko Iebih ditentukan dari aspek konsekuensi atau dampak kesehatan. Pnoritisasi diiakukan untuk menyesuaikan dengan kemampuan proyek dalam melakukan tindak-Ianjut. Kesimpulanz ldentifikasi Hazard. (1) Pemberian alat bantu berupa daftar periksa dapat membantu proses identiiikasi hazard. (2) Kompetensi pelaksana identifikasi hazard mempengaruhi hasil identihkasl. (3) Proses prioritisasi pada tahap identitikasi hazard mengakibatkan tidak terkajinya beberapa hazard bahan kimia pada tahapan selanjutnya. Ka`|ian Pa'|anan. (1) Penentuan tingkat pajanan yang berdasarkan nilai ambang batas sulit untuk dipahami oleh karyawan yang non-specialist. (2) Kajian pajanan dilakukan dengan hanya mempertimbangkan besar relatif populasi berisiko. (3) Terdapat tingkat ketidakpastian yang tinggi dalam menentukan besar pajanan tanpa data pengukuran lingkungan kerja. Kaiian dan Prioritisasi Risiko. (1) Penentuan tingkat risiko berdasarkan tingkat hazard atau pajanan yang lebih tinggi sudah tepat. (2) Diperlukan kekuatan analisa assessor dalam menentukan tingkat risiko. (3) Hasil Healthlvlap belum bisa dijadikan basis yang kuat dalam pengembangan manajemen dan program kesehatan kerja. (3) HealthMap sebagai screening awal dalam kajian risiko dapat membantu perusahaan agar dapat Iebih etisien dan efektif dalam melakukan manajemen risiko.

---

ABSTRACT
Introduction: Occupational illnesses due to exposure to chemicals can be prevented through risk»based occupational health programs. Therefore, risk assessments are important during the construction phase of the LNG project. A variety of occupational health risks, including exposure to chemicals, can be the result of: ~ Short-term work activities, » Large numbers ofworkers, » Remote area locations, ` ~ Various types of work performed simultaneously (SIMOPS). Method: This research, conducted in 2007, is descriptive in nature and was carried out by evaluating the implementation of the ?HealthMap" approach in assessing chemical risks during the construction phase of the LNG project at Company X. This evaluation was conducted by comparing the results of the health risk assessment from the HealthMap approach and literature. Research results: Hazard Identitication: Several chemical hazards were not identitied, such as beryllium, carbon monoxide, dust, gas, and isocyanates due to a lack of competent skills of the personnel involved and unavailability of hazard identification tools. Exposure Assessment: There was a great deal of uncertainty due to an unavailability of data regarding exposure, dificulties in estimating the populations at risk and limited information available to estimate the exposure levels in the workplace. _Risk Assessments and Prioritizations: Risk levels were determined by focusing more on the consequences rather than the effects of the hazards themselves. Prioritizations were determined to ensure that the project is capable of implementing the risk control programs. Conclusions: Hazard Identification: (1) A checklist as a tool to identify hazards is necessary to optimize this process. (2) The competencies of personnel who cany out the hazard identitications are critical in ensuring that the results are accurate. (3) Prioritization processes during the hazard identification may result in the overlook of chemical hazard review in the next stage. Exposure Assessment: (1) Determining the exposure levels based on threshold limit value is difticult for non-specialist personnel to understand. (2) Exposure assessments are conducted by merely considering the relative numbers of people at risk. (3) There is still a great deal of uncertainty about how to determine the exposure levels without any access to workplace environmental monitoring data. Risk Assessments and Prioritizations; (1) Detennining risk levels based on more stringent level between the effects of hazards and exposure would be more suitable. (2) Personnel with more highly developed analytical skills are required to determine the risk levels. (3) The HealthMap results are not adequate as a basis for developing occupational health management and programs. (3) Using Healthlvlap as a preliminary screening to assess health risks can assist the company in becoming more efhcient and effective in managing risks.

---

Abstrak :
Bahan kimia meliputi bermacam – macam bahan organik dan non organik yang dapat mempengaruhi kesehatan dalam waktu pendek maupun panjang. Salah satu bidang pekerjaan yang industri yang menggunakan bahan kimia dalam operasionalnya adalah laboratorium. Semakin meningkatnya jumlah sampel uji akan meningkatkan pajanan pajanan bahan kimia yang akan berdampak pada kesehatan pekerja. Tujuan dari penilitian ini adalah melakukan penilaian risiko kesehatan bahan kimia pada pajanan inhalasi dan dermal di Laboratorium Petroleum X Jakarta Timur tahun 2023. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada bulan April hingga Juni 2023 dengan menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif mengacu pada Manual of Recommended Practice on the Assessment of The Health Risks Arising from the Use of Chemicals Hazardous to Health at the Workplace 3rd Edition dari Department of Occupational Safety and Health, Ministry of Human Resources, Malaysia. Hasil penilaian risiko kesehatan rute pajanan inhalasi untuk bahan kimia dari seluruh tahap pengujian bervariasi dari rendah, sedang dan tinggi. Namun di dominasi oleh risiko sedang. Sementara, hasil penilaian risiko kesehatan rute pajanan dermal untuk seluruh bahan kimia dari seluruh tahap pengujian didominasi dengan risiko tinggi. Perlu dilakukannya pemantauan terhadap pengendalian yangs udah ada dan pengendalian tambahan berdasarkan hierarki pengendalian untuk bahan kimia dengan risiko tinggi dan kecukupan pengendalian yang belum memadai ......Chemicals are a wide range of organic and inorganic compounds that might have a short or long term impact on health. The laboratory is an industrial work sector that utilises chemicals in its activities. The increased quantity of test samples will increase workers' exposure to chemical compounds, which will have an effect on their health. The goal of this research was to assess the health hazards of chemicals through inhalation and skin exposure at the X Petroleum Laboratory East Jakarta in 2023. This study was carried out from April to June 2023 utilizing a qualitative method using the Manual of Recommended Practice on the Assessment of Health Risks Arising from the Use of Hazardous to Health Chemicals in the Workplace, 3rdEdition from Department of Occupational Safety and Health, Ministry of Human Resources, Malaysia. The health risk assessment scores for compounds via the inhalation route ranged from low to high across all levels of testing. However, Mod risk dominates. Meanwhile, high hazards dominated the results of the dermal exposure route health risk assessment for all compounds from all phases of testing. For high-risk chemicals and insufficient control adequacy, it is required to monitor current controls and implement new controls based on the control hierarchy.

Abstrak :
Usaha Mikro Kecil Menengah (UMKM) pembuatan alas kaki berperan penting dalam penyerapan tenaga kerja di Indonesia, namun sayangnya peran UMKM tersebut masih belum diimbangi dengan perlindungan Keselamatan dan Kesehatan Kerja (K3) kepada para pekerjanya. Setiap hari para pekerja di UMKM pembuatan alas kaki terpajan dengan berbagai bahan kimia baik melalui inhalasi maupun dermal yang dapat menyebabkan gangguan pernapasan, iritasi mata dan kulit. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis risiko kesehatan terkait penggunaan bahan kimia pada pekerja di UMKM pembuatan alas kaki di Ciomas Kabupaten Bogor. Penelitian ini dilakukan di tiga UMKM pembuatan alas kaki di Ciomas – Bogor dengan menggunakan desain penelitian cross sectional dan menggunakan metode Chemical Hazard Risk Assessment dari Department of Safety and Health Malaysia Tahun 2018. Bahan kimia yang dianalisis dibatasi hanya untuk benzene dan toluene. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan mix-method, di mana tahap rekognisi bahaya dan evaluasi pajanan melalui dermal dilakukan dilakukan secara kualitatif, sementara evaluasi pajanan melalui inhalasi dilakukan secara kuantitatif berdasarkan pengukuran personal air sampling. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa level risiko bahan kimia melalui pajanan inhalasi termasuk kedalam level risiko moderat dan tinggi, di mana pajanan inhalasi yang tinggi dapat menyebabkan efek karsinogenik. Sementara melalui pajanan dermal masuk kedalam level risiko moderat, dengan efek kesehatan yang dapat terjadi yaitu, iritasi kulit dan mata. Tingginya pajanan yang diterima pekerja di UMKM alas kaki diperburuk dengan minimnya pengendalian yang dilakukan UMKM terhadap pajanan bahan kimia. ......Micro Small Medium Enterprises (MSME’s) in footwear manufacturing sector contribute to provide jobs in Indonesia, but the role is still not balanced with the protection of Occupational Health and Safety (OHS) for workers. Workers are daily exposed to extensive range of potential chemical occupational hazards either through inhalation or dermal which may lead to respiratory problem, eye and skin irritation. The research aimed to analyze health risks related to the use of chemicals among workers in MSME’s in footwear manufacturing. This research was conducted in three MSME’s in Ciomas - Bogor using cross sectional design and the Chemical Health Risk Assessment method by the Department of Safety and Health Malaysia Year 2018. The chemicals analyzed were limited to benzene and toluene. The data collection technique was carried out using mixmethod: qualitative method for hazard recognition and evaluation of exposure through dermal; and quantitative method for evaluation of exposure through inhalation, based on measurement of personal air sampling. The results showed that the level of risk of chemicals through inhalation exposure is included to the level of moderate and high risk, where high exposure can cause carcinogenic effects. While through dermal exposure is included to the level of moderate risk, with health effects that can occur, namely, skin and eye irritation. The high exposure received by workers in MSME footwear is exacerbated by the lack of control by MSMEs on exposure to chemicals.