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Abstrak :
Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan tujuan untuk memberikan pemahaman dan penjelasan mengenai eksekusi restitusi dan kaitannya dengan prinsip restitutio in integrum. Tulisan ini menggunakan metode penelitian doktrinal, analisis kasus, dan komparasi. Prinsip restitutio in integrum merupakan pengembalian keadaan seperti semula sebelum terjadinya tindak pidana. Permasalahan yang dibahas dalam penelitian ini adalah terkait akibat hukum bagi terpidana yang tidak bersedia membayar restitusi dan kesesuaian eksekusi restitusi dengan prinsip restitutio in integrum. Restitusi di Indonesia diberlakukan, baik untuk tindak pidana umum, maupun tindak pidana khusus. Restitusi dalam tindak pidana umum diatur dalam Undang-Undang Perlindungan Saksi dan Korban, sementara tindak pidana khusus diatur dalam Undang-Undang Pemberantasan Tindak Pidana Perdagangan Orang, Undang-Undang Pengadilan HAM, Undang-Undang Pemberantasan tindak pidana terorisme, Undang-Undang Sistem Peradilan Pidana Anak, dan Undang-Undang Tindak Pidana Kekerasan Seksual yang masing-masing memiliki peraturan pelaksanaannya kecuali Undang-Undang tindak pidana kekerasan seksual. Restitusi merupakan salah satu hak korban untuk mendapatkan ganti rugi agar bisa memulihkan keadaan korban seperti sebelum terjadinya tindak pidana sesuai dengan prinsip restitutio in integrum. Oleh karena itu, dari awal proses peradilan hingga eksekusi, ketentuan terkait restitusi harus bisa mencerminkan prinsip restitutio in integrum. ......This research was conducted with the aim of providing an understanding and explanation regarding the execution of restitution and its relationship to the principle of restitutio in integrum. This paper uses doctrinal research methods, case analysis, and comparison. The principle of restitutio in integrum is the return to the situation as it was before the crime occurred. The problems discussed in this research are related to the legal consequences for convicts who are unwilling to pay restitution and the suitability of the execution of restitution with the principle of restitutio in integrum. Restitution in Indonesia is applied to both general criminal offenses and specific criminal offenses. Restitution in general criminal offenses is regulated in the Law on Witness and Victim Protection, while specific criminal offenses are governed by the Law on the Eradication of Trafficking in Persons, the Law on Human Rights Courts, the Law on the Eradication of Terrorism, the Law on the Juvenile Justice System, and the Law on Sexual Violence Crimes, each of which has its own implementing regulations except for the Law on Sexual Violence Crimes. Restitution is one of the rights of victims to receive compensation in order to restore the victim's situation to what it was before the commission of the crime, in accordance with the principle of restitutio in integrum. Therefore, from the beginning of the legal process to execution, provisions related to restitution must reflect the restitutio in integrum principle.

Abstrak :
Pasal 33 Ayat (3) UUD NRI 1945 menyatakan menyatakan bahwa bumi, air, dan Kekayaan alam yang terkandung didalamnya dikuasai negara, digunakan untuk sebesar-besarnya kemakmuran rakyat. Atas hal tersebut, negara diberi kewajiban untuk mengurus dan mengelola kekayaan alam, termasuk pemanfaatanya, dan bertanggung jawab meningkatkan kesejahteraan rakyat. Namun demikian banyak kegiatan pengambilan kekayaan alam melalui pertambangan tanpa izin, sehingga menimbulkan kerugian bagi negara, rakyat dan lingkungan. ketentuan sanksi pidana dan denda sebagaimana diatur dalam Pasal 158 UU No. 3 Tahun 2020 belum efektif dalam kerangka memenuhi keadilan sosial yang menjamin pengembalian atas hak negara dan masyarakat untuk memperoleh manfaat atas kekayaan alam. Merujuk 3 (tiga) tujuan hukum, maka ketentuan tersebut telah memberikan kepastian hukum, namun belum dapat memenuhi rasa keadilan bagi negara dan masyarakat atas haknya yang hilang. Upaya yang dapat dilakukan adalah melalui kewajiban pemulihan dan perbaikan atas dampak yang ditimbulkan oleh pertambangan tanpa izin. Asas restitutio in integrum merupakan salah satu asas hukum umum yang memiliki arti pemulihan pada kondisi semula. Kewajiban pengembalian ini harus diatur secara normatif dalam undang-undang pertambangan mineral dan batubara, sehingga dapat menjadi dasar legalitas bagi penegak hukum. Penerapan asas Restitutio In Integrum dalam kaitannya dengan keadilan sosial bagi seluruh rakyat Indonesia sangat penting. Penerapan asas restitutio in integrum akan membuka jalan bagi terciptanya keadilan sosial. Rumusan keadilan sosial dalam pembukaan UUD 1945 pasca perubahan menjadi terwujud secara tegas sebagai “suatu” yang sifatnya konkrit. ......Article 33 Paragraph (3) of the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia states that the land, water and natural resources contained therein shall be under the control of the state and shall be used for the greatest prosperity of the people. For this reason, the state is given the obligation to administer and manage natural resources, including their utilization, and is responsible for improving the welfare of the people. However, there are many activities to extract natural resources through mining without a license, causing losses to the state, people and the environment. the provisions of criminal sanctions and fines as stipulated in Article 158 of Law No. 3 of 2020 have not been effective in fulfilling social justice that guarantees the return of the rights of the state and society to benefit from natural resources. Referring to the 3 (three) objectives of law, these provisions have provided legal certainty, but have not been able to fulfill a sense of justice for the state and society for their lost rights. Efforts that can be made are through the obligation to restore and repair the impacts caused by unlicensed mining. The principle of restitutio in integrum is one of the general legal principles that means restoration to its original condition. This return obligation must be normatively regulated in the mineral and coal mining law, so that it can be the basis of legality for law enforcement. The application of the Restitutio In Integrum principle in relation to social justice for all Indonesian people is very important. The application of the principle of restitutio in integrum will pave the way for the creation of social justice. The formulation of social justice in the preamble of the 1945 Constitution after the amendment becomes explicitly realized as a concrete "something".