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Abstrak :
Microleakage still occurs between cavity wall and resin composite restoration, although bonding agent such as Total-etch (TE) and Selfetch (SE) systems had been used. One of the causes of microleakage was associated to improper polymerization affected by curing distance.1.2 The objective of this study was to evaluate the microleakage of resin composite restoration using TE and SE adhesive systems that were polymerized at various curing distances. A total of 120 human molars were prepared for class V cavity and were divided into 4 groups with bonded resin composite restoration: Group A (TE): Filtek Z350 + Adper Single Bond 2; Group B (TE): Tetric N Ceram + Tetric N Bond; Group C (SE): Clearfil APX + SE Bond; and Group D (SE): Ceram X + Xeno III. Each group were divided into 3 parts (10 teeth each) which were restored at 0; 2 and 4 mm of curing distance respectively. After stored in aquadest at 37oC (24 hours), all specimens were immersed in 1% methylene blue solution (24 hours). Dye penetration at coronal site were observed under a stereomicroscope (Nikon SM 2800). The results showed that microleakage between 3 various curing distances of each group were not significantly different (Kruskall-Wallis test, p>0,05). Mann-Whitney U test (p<0,05) showed that microleakage between Group A-C; Group A-D and Group B-D were significantly different at 2 mm curing distance. Conclusion: microleakage of resin composite restoration with TE adhesive system were lower than SE at all curing distances.

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Conducting polymer as the precusor for developing porosity carbon by hypercrosslinked resin networks represent promising material for electrochemical electrodes.......

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ABSTRAK
Untuk pembuatan geligi tiru kerangka logam, hampir selalu digunakan Aloi Khromium Kobalt untuk bahan kerangkanya, dan resin akrilik ( Polymethyl methacry-late (PMMA) } untuk sadel dan basis geligi tiru. Perlekatan kedua bahan tersebut secara mekanis berupa mesh. Perlekatan mekanis kedua komponen cukup baik, tetapi masih mempunyai keterbatasan antara lain :

Kurang memadainya untuk penempatan gigi tiru diregio yang sempit, misalnya regio anterior ditinjau dari kepentingan estetik.

Interridge yang sempit, sehingga ketebalan logam membatasi penempatan basis resin akrilik dan gigi tiru.

Sekarang telah dipasarkan resin komposit berkekuatan lekat kimiawi dan mekanis, tetapi timbul masalah dapatkah bahan tersebut menggantikan kekuatan lekat mekanis Duna perlekatan basis resin akrilik dengan kerangka Aloi Khromium Kobalt.

Untuk itulah dilakukan penelitian tentang perbandingan kekuatan lekat resin akrilik dan Aloi Khromium Kobalt oleh resin komposit dan mesh besar.

Penelitian dilakukan secara laboratoric dengan alat uji Comten, dihitung dalam Kg/Cm2.

Dalam penelitian ini digunakan resin komposit-yang berkekuatan lekat kimiawi dan mekanis untuk perlekatan balok resin dengan lempeng Aloi Khromium Kobalt. Bahan vertikal dijatuhkan pada spesimen, hingga menimbulkan "tangen force".

Dari hasil uji coba kedua kelompok spesimen ternyata daya lekat yang dihasilkan oleh resin komposit yang berkekuatan lekat kimiawi dan mekanis sedikit lebih besar dibandingkan kekuatan lekat mesh besar yang berkekuatan mekanis. Dengan pengkajian secara statistik menggunakan two tailed student t-test, tidak memberikan perbedaan yang bermakna, menunjukkan kedua macam kekuatan lekat tersebut hampir sama kuat.

Abstrak :
Tingginya permintaan akan restorasi estetik, membuat pentingnya kontrol kontaminasi membutuhkan perhatian khusus karena komposit sensitif terhadap kontaminasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efek dari kontaminasi sarung tangan, darah, dan saliva terhadap kekuatan tekan resin komposit nanohybrid. 24 spesimen dikelompokkan secara acak ke dalam empat kelompok berdasarkan tipe kontaminasi. Hasil nilai rerata dan standar deviasi (MPa) dari setiap grup adalah Grup 1= 151.57±17.97, Grup 2= 159.94±18.55, Grup 3= 134.91±25.53, Grup 4= 151.72±17.34. Secara statistik, tidak ada perbedaan secara signifikan (p>0.05) pada nilai kekuatan tekan di semua kelompok. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa kontaminasi sarung tangan, darah, dan saliva tidak mempengaruhi kekuatan tekan resin komposit nanohybrid.

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Due to highly demand of aesthetic restorations, the importance of contamination control needs a special concern since composites are sensitive to contamination. The aims of this study were to determine the effect of gloves, blood, and saliva contamination on the compressive strength of nanohybrid composite resin. 24 specimens were randomly divided into four groups based on the type of contamination. The mean and standard deviation values (MPa) for compressive strength were Group 1= 151.57±17.97, Group 2= 159.94±18.55, Group 3= 134.91±25.53, Group 4= 151.72±17.34. All groups did not show statistically significant difference (p>0.05) in the compressive strength. In conclusion, gloves, blood, and saliva contamination do not affect the compressive strength of nanohybrid composite resin.

Abstrak :
Penelitian isolasi bertahap telah dilakukan untuk mendapatkan bakteri pendegradasi fraksi jenuh, aromatik, resin, dan aspal. Isolasi dilakukan terhadap lima sampel tanah terkontaminasi minyak dari Sumatera Selatan. Medium isolasi menggunakan soil extract diperkaya oil recovery atau oil recovery sisa degradasi (OSD) sebagai satu-satunya sumber karbon dan energi sesuai tahapan isolasi. OSD setiap akhir tahap isolasi difraksinasi menggunakan analisis SARA untuk mengetahui fraksi jenuh, aromatik, resin dan aspal. Hasil penelitian mendapatkan enam isolat bakteri terpilih berdasarkan kecepatan degradasi tertinggi pada setiap tahap, satu isolat bakteri pendegradasi fraksi jenuh yaitu Mycobacterium sp. T1H2D4-7 dengan laju degradasi 0,0199 mg/jam dan kepadatan 8,4x10 6cfu/g dari tahap I. Isolat T2H1D2-4 teridentifikasi sebagai Pseudomonas sp. merupakan bakteri pendegradasi fraksi aromatik dengan laju degradasi 0,0141 mg/jam dan kepadatan 5,1x10 6cfu/g diperoleh pada tahap II. Dua isolat yaitu Micrococcus sp. T3H2D4-2 dan Pseudomonas sp. T1H1D5-5 merupakan bakteri pendegradasi fraksi resin yang masing-masing mempunyai laju degradasi 0,0088 mg/jam dengan kepadatan 5,6x10 6cfu/g, dan 0,0089 mg/jam dengan kepadatan 5,7x10 6cfu/g diperoleh dari tahap III. Isolasi tahap IV diperoleh dua isolat yaitu Pseudomonas sp. T4H1D3-1 dan Pseudomonas sp. T4H3D5-4 yang merupakan bakteri pendegradasi fraksi aspal, masing-masing mempunyai kecepatan degradasi 0,0057 mg /jam dengan kerapatan 5,6x10 6cfu/g, dan 0,0058 mg/jam dengan kerapatan 5,7x10 6cfu/g.

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Sequential isolation has been conducted to obtain isolates of saturated, aromatic, resin, and asphaltene fractions degrading bacteria from oil contaminated sites. Five soil samples were collected from South Sumatera. These bacterial isolates were obtained using soil extract medium enriched with oil recovery or remaining-oil recovery degradated (ROD) as sole carbon and energy sources according to the isolation stage as the isolation medium. ROD at the end of every isolation stage analyzed oil fractions by use of the SARA analysis method. Six isolates of bacteria have been selected, one isolate was fraction satu rates degrading bacteria that are Mycobacterium sp. T1H2D4-7 at degradation rate 0.0199 mgs/h with density 8.4x10 6cfu/g from stage I. The isolate T2H1D2-4, identified as Pseudomonas sp. was fraction aromatics degrading bacteria at accelerate 0.0141 mgs/h with density 5.1x10 6cfu/g are obtained at stage II. Two isolates namely Micrococcus sp. T3H2D4-2 and Pseudomonas sp. T1H1D5-5 were fraction resins degrading bacteria by accelerate 0.00 88 mgs/h at density 5.6x10 6cfu/g and 0.0089 mgs/h at density 5.7x10 6 cfu/g are obtained at stage III. Isolation of stage IV has been obtained two isolates Pseudomonas sp. T4H1D3-1 and Pseudomonas sp. T4H3D5-4 were fraction asphaltenes degrading bacteria by accelerate 0.0057 mgs/h at density 5.6x10 6cfu/g and accelerate 0.0058 mgs/h at density 5.7x10 6cfu/g.

Abstrak :
Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membandingkan perubahan warna pada resin komposit nanohibrida sebelum dan setelah bleaching dalam perendaman kopi. Metode: Dua puluh spesimen resin komposit nanohibrida berbentuk silinder berdiameter 6 mm, tebal 2 mm dibagi menjadi 2 kelompok perendaman; Arabika dan Robusta n=10. Masing-masing kelompok perendaman direndam dalam waktu 7 hari, kemudian diaplikasikan bahan bleaching berupa hidrogen peroksida 40, dan setelah itu direndam kembali selama 7 hari. Pengukuran warna dilakukan sebanyak 4 kali menggunakan Colorimeter. Data dianalisis menggunakan uji statistik Paired T-Test dan Independent T-Test. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya perbedaan signifikan. ...... Aim This study aims to compare color changes in nanohybrid composite resins before and after bleaching in coffee immersion. Method Twenty specimens of nanohybrid composite resins were made into cylindrical shape with a diameter of 6 mm and thick of 2 mm divided into 2 immersion groups Arabica and Robusta n 10. Each immersion group was immersed within 7 days, then applied bleaching material of hydrogen peroxide 40, and after that was re immersed for 7 days. The color measurement was done 4 times by Colorimeter. Data were analyzed statistically by Paired T Test and Independent T Test. Result The result showed significant differences.

Abstrak :
Latar Belakang: Resin komposit single-shade merupakan resin komposit yang dapat menghasilkan warna menyerupai berbagai shade gigi tanpa tambahan pigmen. Resin komposit single-shade tetap memiliki potensi perubahan warna saat terpapar zat pewarna. Teh hitam dan oolong memiliki kadar tanin yang dapat mempengaruhi stabilitas warna resin komposit. Maka, dilakukan pengujian perubahan warna resin komposit single-shade setelah perendaman dalam larutan teh hitam dan oolong. Tujuan: Mengetahui perbedaan perubahan warna antara resin komposit single-shade yang direndam dalam larutan teh hitam dan oolong. Metode: Spesimen resin komposit single-shade dan konvensional nanohybrid (n = 42) dibagi ke dalam 6 kelompok, kemudian direndam dalam larutan teh hitam dan oolong selama 24 jam/hari dalam waktu 7 hari. Pengukuran perubahan warna dilakukan dengan colorimeter. Hasil: Perendaman dalam larutan teh hitam menghasilkan perubahan warna yang tidak sesuai pada resin komposit single-shade. Terdapat perbedaan perubahan warna signifikan antara resin komposit konvensional dalam kedua larutan teh, serta antara resin komposit single-shade dalam kedua larutan teh (p < 0.05). Kesimpulan: Perendaman resin komposit dalam teh hitam atau oolong menyebabkan perubahan warna resin komposit konvensional dan single-shade. Teh hitam menyebabkan perubahan warna lebih besar dibandingkan teh oolong pada kedua jenis resin komposit. ......Single-shade composite resin is a composite resin that produces various teeth shades without additional pigments. Single-shade composite resin still has its color change potential when exposed to colorants. Black and oolong tea possess tannin contents that influence composite resin’s color stability. Therefore, single-shade resin composite’s color change was evaluated after its immersion in black and oolong tea solutions. Objective: To determine color change difference of single-shade composite resin after its immersion in black and oolong tea solutions. Methods: Single-shade and conventional nanohybrid composite resin specimens (n = 42) were divided into 6 groups, then immersed in black and oolong tea solutions for 24 hours/day for 7 days. Color change measurements were taken with a colorimeter. Results: Immersion in black tea resulted in unacceptable color change in single-shade composite resin. Significant difference in color change was found between conventional composite resin immersed in black and oolong tea, and between single-shade composite resin immersed in black and oolong tea (p < 0.05). Conclusions: Black and oolong tea immersion causes color change in conventional and single-shade composite resins. Black tea causes larger color change compared to oolong tea in both composite resins.